用于汽车自动变速器的温压涡轮毂

温压是一种可将增高密度与选择高使用性能材料相结合的技术。增高密度有助于提高零件的力学性能,以及整体使用性能。将密度增高与高使用性能相结合,可使制造的零件的使用性能超过相应的铸锻材料产品,同时可制成具有最终形的零件,从而显著减低生产成本。因此,自动变速器的涡轮毂就成为了温压的一个理想对象。这篇论文将评述,将用于高扭矩自动变速器的常规锻件切削加工的涡轮毂转换为用一次压制/一次烧结制造的粉末冶金涡轮毂。粉末冶金涡轮毂使用的材料是FD-0405。在试验室对这种扩散合金化材料进行了评价,和报告了几个密度水平的力学性能。温压可使高应力的内花键区全面达到高密度。为了证明粉末冶金零件的适用性,进行了广泛的力学与零件的特定试验。     

Ice‐Templated Scaffolds with Microridged Pores Direct DRG Neurite Growth

Successful spinal cord repair is thought to be promoted with hierarchically structured scaffolds. These should combine aligned porosity with additional linear features on the micrometer scale to guide axons across multiple length scales. Such scaffolds are generated through the carefully controlled directional solidification of an aqueous biopolymer solution, followed by lyophilization. Under specific freezing conditions this yields a highly regular and aligned lamellar architecture. This architecture exhibits uniform ridges of controlled height and width on the lamellar surface. These ridges run parallel to the pore axis, serving as secondary guidance features. The ridges are capable of linearly aligning 62.4% of chick dorsal root ganglia neurites to within ±10° of the ridge direction. Notably, neurites sprouting perpendicular to the ridge are guided into alignment with these microridged features.     

Effects of firm and IT characteristics on the value of e-commerce initiatives: An inductive theoretical framework

We explore the theoretical foundations on how firm and IT characteristics explain the market value variations in e-commerce initiatives by examining the announcements of 946 e-commerce initiatives in the public media. Our approach combines the Event study methodology and Decision tree induction to examine the main and interaction effects of IT and firm characteristics on Cumulative Abnormal Returns (CAR). In particular, we generate complex interaction models that can guide e-commerce investment decisions so managers can know, for example, which combination of IT and firm characteristics are more likely to be viewed positively by investors. The selected study variables as well as explanation of the proposed framework are informed by innovation, resource-based view, transaction cost economics and complementarity theories. We have inductively developed a set of propositions that can be deductively tested to assess the validity of our proposed theoretical framework. Hence our study provides an initial roadmap for theory development on e-commerce and CAR.     

Experimental and theoretical assessment of the inhibiting action of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Aspilia africana</Emphasis> extract on corrosion aluminium alloy AA3003 in hydrochloric acid

The adsorption of Aspilia africana extract and subsequent corrosion inhibition of aluminium alloy AA3003 in hydrochloric acid solutions have been investigated using gravimetric and electrochemical techniques. Inhibition efficiency increased with extract concentration and temperature rise. Polarization studies revealed that the extract essentially inhibited the cathodic reaction. An adsorption mechanism involving physisorption and chemisorption of extract constituents at low and high temperatures, respectively, has been proposed from the trend of adsorption-free energies. Quantum chemical computations and molecular dynamics simulations described the individual contributions of some extract constituents to the observed inhibiting effect.     

Gravitation and radiation

Gravitation is one of the most intriguing forces in space that govern all the interstellar spectacles motion in this universe. In this article we have shown there is a profound relationship between gravitational fields with respect to its converted energy. Since time is an inevitable element in every aspect of science; we have developed a partial differential equation from Einstein’s energy equation in which we show that gravitational field can be coupling with its diverging energy radiation. We have also shown that energy to mass conversion in principle is conceivable by means of energy convergent operation (i.e., in-flow) into a unit space. In fact this could have been happen by the eventuality of a black hole explosion, as remains to be observed.     

Quantitative biology of single neurons

The building blocks of complex biological systems are single cells. Fundamental insights gained from single-cell analysis promise to provide the framework for understanding normal biological systems development as well as the limits on systems/cellular ability to respond to disease. The interplay of cells to create functional systems is not well understood. Until recently, the study of single cells has concentrated primarily on morphological and physiological characterization. With the application of new highly sensitive molecular and genomic technologies, the quantitative biochemistry of single cells is now accessible.     

Utilisation of iron ore mine tailings for the production of geopolymer bricks

This study presents a methodology for making bricks, in a cost-effective and environmentally friendly manner, using the tailings produced from iron ore mines in Western Australia (WA). The study was based on the geopolymerisation process, which is known to conserve energy by reducing the emission of greenhouse gases. The reduction is accomplished by avoiding the processes of high temperature kiln firing, traditionally utilised when making bricks from sandy soils with high clay content. In this study, the sodium silicate was added to the mine tailings in powder form, as an activator for the formulation of the geopolymer bricks. The effects of the initial setting time, curing temperature, curing time and activator content on the unconfined compressive strength (UCS), water absorption and other durability properties of the bricks were investigated. X-ray diffraction analysis was performed to investigate the phase composition of the geopolymer bricks. The bricks achieved an UCS as high as 50.53 MPa for the optimum values of the parameters. Technically, the geopolymer bricks that were produced met both the American Society of Testing and Materials and the Australian Standards (AS) requirements for bricks. A cost analysis of the geopolymer bricks is also presented, and this shows that the cost of geopolymer bricks is lower than that of the commercial, fired clay bricks.     

An effective bilayer cathode buffer for highly efficient small molecule organic solar cells

Novel organic/ultrathin low work function metal bilayer cathode buffers for small molecule organic solar cells are proposed. Ultrathin low work function metal layers possess a high built-in electric field for effective carrier extraction and a high cathode reflectivity for maximum absorption in the photoactive layers. This leads to a significant increase of short circuit current density and fill factor of cells. By integrating this bilayer cathode buffer with DTDCTB:C₆₀ small molecular heterojunction, the device exhibits a high power conversion efficiency of up to 5.28%, which is an improvement of 22% compared to a device with a traditional single organic layer buffer.     

Indoor levels of volatile organic compounds at Florentine museum environments in Italy

Indoor Air Quality monitoring in cultural institutions is of particular concern to protect these places and the cultural heritage content. An indoor monitoring campaign was performed in three museums in Florence (Italy) to determine the occurrence and levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). VOCs of interest included BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes), terpenes, aldehydes, organic acids, and cyclic volatile methyl siloxanes (cVMS). The most abundant VOCs in all samples analyzed were BTEX, which were strictly related to the traffic source, followed by siloxanes and terpenes. Among BTEX, toluene was always the most abundant followed by xylenes, ethylbenzene, and benzene. cVMS in exhibition rooms with the presence of visitors showed higher values compared to samples collected when the museums were closed. Terpenes showed not only the influence of vegetation-biogenic sources surrounding a museum but could also be related to the wood used for the construction of showcases and furniture and the use of cleaning products. Data obtained also showed the presence of organic acids and aldehydes whose source can be traced back to exhibits themselves and wood-based furniture. Assessing the levels of organic acids in museums is important because, over time, it can cause deterioration of the artifacts.