Magnetoencephalographic analysis of rolandic discharges in benign childhood epilepsy

We report the detailed analysis of the generator and propagation of rolandic discharges in benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes by means of 37-channel magnetoencephalography with neuromagnetic three-dimensional dipole localization. Equivalent current dipoles of prominent negative sharp waves of rolandic discharges appeared as tangential dipoles in the rolandic region, positive poles being situated anteriorly. These equivalent current dipoles showed a relatively limited localization and regular directions compared with other components. Equivalent current dipoles of preceding small positive waves, positive waves following negative sharp waves, and negative slow waves appeared in the vicinity of negative sharp waves. Equivalent current dipoles of rolandic discharges were located around the generator of somatosensory evoked magnetic fields stimulated at the lower lip. These findings suggest that rolandic discharges are generated through basically a mechanism similar to that for the middle-latency components of somatosensory evoked responses.     

Theory of Acoustic Impedance of Superfluid 3He

No Heading A microscopic theory of transverse acoustic impedance of superfluid ³He at low temperatures is presented. we calculate the stress tensor of superfluid ³He as a response to the oscillating rough wall. For that purpose, we extend a quasi-classical theory based on the random S-matrix model to time dependent problems. We show that by virtue of the pair breaking mechanism the transverse impedance can be finite even at T=0 K. This is in contrast to the theories using the quasi-particle distribution function which predict that the impedance tends to zero like a Yosida function.PACS numbers: 67.57.Np, 67.57.Jj     

Circuit design and transmission performance of ISDN basic interface

An LSI-based user-network interface circuit, applicable to a network terminal (NT) for the integrated services digital network (ISDN) basic interface is developed. Adaptive timing extraction, with a simplified polyphase phase-locked oscillator, is introduced into the circuit for application to both point-to-point and passive bus configurations. This circuit does not require any manual adjustment. In addition to the primitives defined by CCITT between layers one and two, a new primitive is adopted for controlling the transmission of information. This primitive avoids premature transmission due to processing delays in the exchange terminal (ET). The above functions are fabricated on a CMOS gate-array LSI chip with 4000 gates. The performance of the interface circuit is confirmed with special attention to transmission and electrical characteristics     

Leaching Behavior of Sodium from Fine Particles of Soda–Lime–Silicate Glass in Acid Solution

The leaching behavior of Na from soda–lime–silicate glass was investigated by preparing glass powders with average particle diameters of 53 and 19 μm, and leaching in HNO₃ at 90°−140°C. A new theoretical equation for Na leaching from a spherical particle is proposed based on the assumption that a rate-determining process is the three-dimensional self-diffusion of Na in glass. The diffusion constant ( D ) of Na in glass was obtained by fitting the experimental data to a theoretical equation. The values of D and activation energy obtained are comparable to those obtained in other studies on larger particles.     

Gas barrier changes and morphological alterations induced by retorting in ethylene vinyl alcohol–based food packaging structures

Ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH)–based packaging structures were analyzed in terms of both barrier properties and morphological alterations after a retorting process and as functions of ethylene content. From the results, it was found that the samples do have a substantial decrease in oxygen barrier properties and that the kinetics of recovery strongly depends on the copolymer ethylene fraction. A morphological deterioration was also observed as a result of retorting, particularly for packaging structures composed of EVOH copolymers of low ethylene contents. However, the polymer morphology and barrier properties were restored after a dry thermal treatment of the retorted samples. Interestingly, preannealing of copolymers of low ethylene content rendered them more resistant to the retorting process by means of promoting both a more robust crystallinity and a lower water sorption capacity. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 2192–2202, 2005     

Coding theorem for secret sharing communication systems with twonoisy channels

The coding theorem is proved for the system with two noisy channels, each of which is a broadcast channel. It is assumed that the legitimate channel is less noisy than the wiretapped channel. The admissible region of rates and security levels is obtained completely. The relationship of the present results to previous results is examined