全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2147篇 |
免费 | 51篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 101篇 |
综合类 | 3篇 |
化学工业 | 436篇 |
金属工艺 | 50篇 |
机械仪表 | 35篇 |
建筑科学 | 38篇 |
能源动力 | 91篇 |
轻工业 | 132篇 |
水利工程 | 1篇 |
无线电 | 282篇 |
一般工业技术 | 367篇 |
冶金工业 | 396篇 |
原子能技术 | 100篇 |
自动化技术 | 168篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 20篇 |
2022年 | 30篇 |
2021年 | 49篇 |
2020年 | 24篇 |
2019年 | 20篇 |
2018年 | 30篇 |
2017年 | 31篇 |
2016年 | 41篇 |
2015年 | 28篇 |
2014年 | 50篇 |
2013年 | 94篇 |
2012年 | 79篇 |
2011年 | 123篇 |
2010年 | 91篇 |
2009年 | 77篇 |
2008年 | 90篇 |
2007年 | 78篇 |
2006年 | 77篇 |
2005年 | 71篇 |
2004年 | 53篇 |
2003年 | 47篇 |
2002年 | 66篇 |
2001年 | 43篇 |
2000年 | 33篇 |
1999年 | 61篇 |
1998年 | 143篇 |
1997年 | 109篇 |
1996年 | 69篇 |
1995年 | 57篇 |
1994年 | 26篇 |
1993年 | 44篇 |
1992年 | 28篇 |
1991年 | 24篇 |
1990年 | 30篇 |
1989年 | 25篇 |
1988年 | 14篇 |
1987年 | 18篇 |
1986年 | 22篇 |
1985年 | 27篇 |
1984年 | 14篇 |
1983年 | 16篇 |
1982年 | 12篇 |
1981年 | 11篇 |
1980年 | 21篇 |
1979年 | 10篇 |
1978年 | 7篇 |
1977年 | 14篇 |
1976年 | 25篇 |
1975年 | 6篇 |
1974年 | 6篇 |
排序方式: 共有2200条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
131.
Ronald R Yager Shinya Kikuchi 《IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics. Part B, Cybernetics》2004,34(2):1224-1234
We focus on situations in which we must decide on what time to take an action. The action is not in question it is the time of action. We call these "time for action decisions," a prototypical example being deciding when to leave on a journey. We point out that during this type of decision process, the decision-maker recognizes two groups of forces acting on him: one that pushes him to act now and other that pushes him act later. We note that the strength of these forces depends on the information available about various uncertainties associated with the situation. It also strongly depends upon the personality of the decision-maker. We observe that as time passes these conflicting forces tend to build up an anxiety in the decision-maker resulting in an action being taken at a time of most intense anxiety. In this paper using the ideas of possibility and necessity measures to enable different interpretations of uncertain information we investigate the temporal profile of the decision-maker's anxiety as a function of their decision attitude. We investigate the role of maximization of anxiety as decision paradigm. One of our goals here is to try to understand role of the nature and the quality information plays in these types of decisions as well as its interaction with anxiety. 相似文献
132.
Four derivatives of the insuln B-chain COOH-terminal pentapeptide Arg-Gly-Phe-Phe-Tyr (B22-26) were synthesized and shown to be inactive alone. In the presence of submaximal concentrations of insulin or desoctapeptide insulin, peptides at concentrations of 10(-4) M and higher, markedly stimulated the actions of insulin on rat adipocytes including labeled glucose oxidation, activation of glycogen synthase, and stimulation of 2-deoxyglucose transport. The B-chain COOH-terminal heptapeptide, Gly-Phe-Phe-Tyr-Thr-Pro-Lys (B23-29) was inactive alone or in the presence of submaximal concentrations of insulin or desoctapeptide insulin, suggesting that argnine is required. Dose response curves of insulin, and desoctapeptide insulin for labeled glucose oxidation by rat adipocytes were shifted 1 log concentration unit to the left in the presence of peptide. Peptide shortened the lag time of labeled glucose oxidation and markedly enhanced the rate of 14CO2 production following the lag time. Peptides also enhanced insulin-like activities of concanavalin A and nonsuppressible insulin-like activity P. 相似文献
133.
Takemitsu Kunio Tatsuya Yamazaki Eiji Ohta Makoto Sakata 《Solid-state electronics》1983,26(2):155-160
The transient capacitance technique has been used to study the chromium-related levels in the silicon band gap. Chromium was diffused at temperature of 1100 and 1150°C for 0.5 and 3 hr. Five different levels at Ec?0.11 eV, Ec?0.21 eV, Ec?0.28 eV, Ec?0.36 eV and Ec?0.45 eV were obtained from the Arrheniu plots of the electron thermal-emission rates. The number of levels in the upper half of the band gap decreased from five to two with an increase of Cr-diffusion period. Two levels were located at Ec?0.20 eV (donor) and Ec?0.43 eV (acceptor). A donor level was also observed at Ev + 0.25 eV. The donor level was not affected by the diffusion condition. The majority carrier capture cross sections of the three dominant levels have been measured by the transient capacitance technique modified by the pulse transformer. The values were σn = 4.1 × 10?15 cm2 for the upper donor at Ec?0.20 eV, σn = 2.0 × 10?16 cm2 for the acceptor at Ec ?0.43 eV and σp = 9.1 × 10?18 cm2 for the lower donor at Ev + 0.25 eV, and were independent of temperature. The three dominant levels are due to distinct chromium centers. 相似文献
134.
Pulsed laser irradiation impact on two marine diatoms Skeletonema costatum and Chaetoceros gracilis 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The ability of pulsed laser irradiations to cause damage on the biofouling organisms is recently being investigated. If this technique is employed in industries such as power generation wherein a large quantity of water is being used for the cooling purpose, many organisms other than the targeted would get affected. In this study, we have investigated the damage caused by the pulsed laser irradiations from an Nd:YAG laser (fluence 0.1J/cm(2)) for varying durations such as 2, 5, 10, 30, 60 and 300 s on two marine diatom species namely Skeletonema costatum and Chaetoceros gracilis. Upon exposure to low power laser irradiations, these diatom species showed mortalities between 52.6+/-9.3% to 97.7+/-3.1% in the case of S. costatum and 57.8+/-2.5% to 98.9+/-0.6% in the case of C. gracilis for 2 and 300 s of irradiations, respectively. The mortality increased with the increase in the duration of laser irradiation. The estimation of the chlorophyll a concentration in the irradiated samples showed a considerable reduction varying between 9.8% and 57% in C. gracilis and 3% and 70.3% in S. costatum for 2 and 300 s of irradiations, respectively. The laser-survived cells grew as the non-irradiated (control) samples. C. gracilis frustules were broken by the laser whilst, the cell materials were drained out of the frustules in the case of S. costatum. The study therefore showed that the low power pulsed laser irradiations could cause significant damage on the two species of planktonic diatoms. 相似文献
135.
Miyanishi N Iwamoto Y Watanabe E Odaz T 《Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering》2003,95(2):192-195
We prepared a beta-1,3-glucan oligomer (DP> or = 4) from laminarin (DP: 25-30) derived from Laminaria digitata with beta-1,3-glucanase, and examined its effect on human peripheral blood monocytes. Conditioned medium prepared by incubating monocytes (MC-CM) with the beta-1,3-glucan oligomer showed strong inhibitory activity against the proliferation of human leukemic U937 cells. Since the beta-1,3-glucan oligomer had no direct cytotoxic effect on U937 cells up to 1000 microg/ml, the cytotoxicity of the MC-CM may be due to cytotoxic cytokines produced from monocytes stimulated by the beta-1,3-glucan oligomer. On the other hand, the MC-CM prepared with original laminarin had little effect on the growth of U937 cells. The cytotoxicity of the MC-CM prepared with the beta-1,3-glucan oligomer was significantly reduced by an anti-TNF-alpha antibody, but the anti-TNF-beta antibody had no effect. Our results suggest that the enzymatically depolymerized beta-1,3-glucan oligomer induces TNF-alpha production from human monocytes. 相似文献
136.
Fujikake H Yonai J Sato H Kikuchi H Iino Y Kawakita M Tsuchiya Y Iwashita K Umeda S 《Applied optics》2001,40(14):2275-2281
A color-temperature compensating system with an electrically controllable liquid-crystal filter and a color sensor mounted on a video camera has been developed for color image sensing. The filter contains two guest-host liquid-crystal devices with dichroic dyes that have strong light absorption for shorter-wavelength light; two devices are necessary because of the spectral difference between the sun and an incandescent lamp as light sources. The filter's absorption is continuously controlled by the voltage applied to the filter. Because the filter is driven according to spectral information about the illumination detected by the color sensor, the color balance of the video image to be sensed can be compensated automatically and rapidly. This is especially useful for video image shooting in which a video camera experiences changes in illumination color temperatures. 相似文献
137.
Tomoyuki Kakigi Nozomi Miyoshi Kazuki Fujii Tatsuya Urakawa Akio Matsuura Takaharu Miura Masakazu Washio 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section B, Beam interactions with materials and atoms》2007,265(1):118-124
Poly (tetrafluoroethylene-co-perfluoroalkylvinylether) (PFA) was irradiated by soft electron beam (soft-EB) under nitrogen gas atmosphere in solid-state and its molten state, respectively. The changes of thermal property and chemical structures of irradiated PFA in solid-state and molten state were studied by differential scanning calorimetric analysis (DSC) and solid-state 19F magic angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. By DSC analysis, the melting temperature shifted to lower temperatures, and crystallinity decreased with increasing soft-EB dose. By solid-state 19F MAS NMR spectroscopy, the new signals was observed and the detected new signals in irradiated PFA at 315 °C and at 30 °C were due to the tertiary carbon group with branching site (Y-type crosslinking site), perfluoro-propylene site and chain end methylene groups, respectively.Moreover, the molar ratio of perfluoroalkylvinylether (FAVE) structure to -CF2- units decreased with increasing dose. 相似文献
138.
Sachio Okada Takeyuki Kikuchi Masafumi Kobune Tetsuo Yazawa 《Thin solid films》2007,515(18):7342-7346
A mixed ionic and electronic conducting hydrogen separation membrane, which consisted of proton-conductive oxide and metallic palladium, was fabricated. A porous alumina tube was employed as a support, and proton-conductive oxide particles were introduced into a microporous top layer of the support by an impregnation method. Palladium particles were deposited into the same porous layer by chemical vapor deposition. Hydrogen permeated preferentially via the membrane thus obtained with a hydrogen permeance (PH2) of 1.2 × 10− 9 mol·m− 2·s− 1·Pa− 1 at 873 K. Selectivity for hydrogen (PH2/PN2) increased with the operating temperature due to an increase in proton conductivity of the membrane, and PH2/PN2 = 5.7 was attained at 873 K. 相似文献
139.
Motoyama Y. Murakami Y. Seki M. Kurauchi T. Kikuchi N. 《Electron Devices, IEEE Transactions on》2007,54(6):1308-1314
The sustain pulse voltage of the panel for 66-kPa Ne + Xe (5%-30%) is 20%-40% lower with a Sr0.62Ca0.38O protective layer than with a MgO protective layer. At a normal sustain voltage of 160-200 V, the luminous efficiency of the panel with the Sr0.62 Ca0.38O protective layer for Xe (30%) is about twice as high as with the MgO protective layer for Xe (10%). The luminances of these panels are almost the same. This high efficiency at normal sustain pulse voltage and normal luminance is obtained through the combined use of the Sr0.62Ca0.38O protective layer and high Xe content. With regard to ion bombardment, the Sr0.62Ca0.38O film has a 4.5 times longer life than SrO film and nearly 80% of the life of MgO film. We also calculated the values of theoretical secondary electron emission yield gammaimin of MgO, SrO, and CaO without energy bands in the band gap for rare gas ions and found that [ gammaimin of MgO] les [gammaimin of CaO] < [gammaimin of SrO] except for the one case with He. The breakdown voltage decreases with higher gammaimin values. As expected, the discharge voltage of the panel is much lower with the SrO protective layer than with the MgO protective layer. The discharge voltages of the panels with Sr0.62Ca0.38O and SrO protective layers are almost the same. These findings show that the life of the SrO protective layer can be made 4.5 times longer without any increase in the discharge voltage by adding CaO (40 at.%) 相似文献
140.