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31.
Dietary stearic acid and risk of cardiovascular disease: Intake,sources, digestion,and absorption 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
Individual FA have diverse biological effects, some of which affect the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In the context
of food-based dietary guidance designed to reduce CVD risk, fat and FA recommendations focus on reducing saturated FA (SFA)
and trans FA (TFA), and ensuring an adequate intake of unsaturated FA. Because stearic acid shares many physical properties with the
other long-chain SFA but has different physiological effects, it is being evaluated as a substitute for TFA in food manufacturing.
For stearic acid to become the primary replacement for TFA, it is essential that its physical properties and biological effects
be well understood. 相似文献
32.
On-line determination of supersaturation of a kcl-nacl aqueous solution based on density measurement
A method is developed for the calculation of the saturation temperature of a KCI-NaCI aqueous solution, based on the measurement of the density and temperature of a sample solution, and prior knowledge of the NaCl concentration. Experimental density and solubility data for solutions saturated with KCI in the temperature range of 299 to 321 K with concentrations of NaCl greater than 0.200 kg/kg H2O were used to develop the empirical correlation allowing the calculation of the solution saturation level. The method is applicable in the on-line determination of the level of supersaturation in a KCI crystallizer in which the NaCl concentration is known. Knowledge of the prevailing supersaturation is necessary for the control of crystal purity and crystal size distribution in industrial potash crystallizers. 相似文献
33.
Terry Carolyn J.; Blake Colin C. F. 《Protein engineering, design & selection : PEDS》1992,5(6):505-510
The structure of cleaved thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) hasbeen modelled on the crystal structure of cleaved 1-antitrypsin(a member of the serine proteinase inhibitor, serpin, superfamily)based on the high sequence homology exhibited by the two proteins.Particular attention was paid to the identification and modelledcharacteristics of the thyroxine binding site. The primary aimof the study was to compare the site qualitatively with thecrystallographically determined binding site of transthyretin,the other major transporter of thyroxine, in an attempt to explainthe higher binding affinity of the site compared with the knownthyrox ine binding site in transthyretin (1010 versus 108 M1).The proposed binding site shares some similar characteristicswith the transthyretin binding site but also includes a clusterof aromatic residues which are entirely absent in transthyretin.It is proposed that this might account for the substantial differencein binding affinities. 相似文献
34.
Carlos G. Levi Eric Sommer Scott G. Terry Amalia Catanoiu Manfred Rühle 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2003,86(4):676-85
The microstructure of Al2 O3 formed by oxidation of a model NiCrAlY alloy during electron-beam physical vapor deposition of ZrO2 –7.6 mol% YO1.5 is examined and compared with that formed on the bare substrate. The growth rate, morphology, and chemical composition of the oxide vary among the different constituents of the alloy surface and are further influenced by the O2 partial pressure and the physical presence of the thermal barrier coating (TBC) layer. These differences, however, are largely limited to the outer oxide layer. The interplay between the TBC and the growing oxide leads to the formation of a fine-grain Al2 O3 –ZrO2 "mixed zone" within the thermally grown oxide. A mechanism is outlined to explain this behavior, based on the dissolution of ZrO2 in a transient Al2 O3 structure growing by outward diffusion of Al, and its subsequent reprecipitation when the metastable phase transforms to the stable α-Al2 O3 form. 相似文献
35.
Meadowfoam fatty acids, when treated with mineral acid catalysts in the presence of polar nonparticipating solvents, undergo
a facile ring closure to form δ-lactones. Perchloric and sulfuric acids catalyze the cyclization at concentrations of 0.6–13
mole equivalents, both neat and in the presence of solvent. Under constant acid concentrations, methylene chloride was found
to increase the rate of reaction, the regioselectivity for the formation of δ-lactone, and the overall yield. In the absence
of solvent, increased acid concentration improved the yield of lactone but reduced regioselectivity for the δ-isomer. Solvent
polarity plays a significant role in the regioselectivity of the cyclization for δ-lactone, with solvents of higher dielectric
strength providing larger δ/γ ratios (38:1) and higher yields up to 92%. 相似文献
36.
Keiichiro Oh-ishi John Boydon Terry R. McNelley 《Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance》2004,13(6):710-719
The importance of grain size refinement in enabling superplasticity is reviewed, and the current understanding of grain boundary
characteristics is summarized. The application of orientation-imaging microscopy (OIM) methods to the processing response
and the deformation and failure modes in superplastic aluminum alloys are illustrated through microtexture analysis and determination
of grain boundary characteristics in selected commercial materials. Continuous and discontinuous recrystallization reactions
exhibit distinct microtextures and grain boundary characteristics. The application of OIM and microtexture analysis to the
evaluation of both deformation and failure mechanisms during superplastic forming is illustrated.
This paper was presented at the International Symposium on Superplasticity and Superplastic Forming, sponsored by the Manufacturing
Critical Sector at the ASM International AeroMat 2004 Conference and Exposition, June 8–9, 2004, in Seattle, WA. The symposium
was organized by Daniel G. Sanders, The Boeing Company. 相似文献
37.
Terry C. Lowe Ruslan Z. Valiev 《JOM Journal of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society》2004,56(10):64-68
Severe plastic deformation (SPD) has emerged as a promising method to produce ultrafine-grained materials with attractive
properties. Today, SPD techniques are rapidly developing and are on the verge of moving from lab-scale research into commercial
production. This paper discusses new trends in the development of SPD techniques suchas high-pressure torsion and equal-channel
angle pressing, as well as new alternative techniques for introducing SPD. The paper also contains a comparative analysis
of SPD techniques in terms of their relative capabilities for grain refinement, enhancement of properties, and potential to
economically produce ultrafine-grained metals and alloys.
For more information, contact Terry C. Lowe, Science and Technology Base Programs, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos,
NM 87545; (505) 667-7824; fax (505) 665-3199; e-mail tlowe@lanl.gov. 相似文献
38.
This paper outlines the major motivating factors concerning a novel collaborative project between Edinburgh College of Art and Edinburgh Virtual Environment Centre. The Tacitus project will investigate the use of multi-modal virtual environments, specifically, the haptic (touch) modality, with regards to the creative processes employed by designers working within the field of applied arts. The salient areas of research are described, and the methods by which information regarding these areas will be obtained are considered. Initial investigations have revealed a strong need to mimic the traditional applied artists' workspaces, with co-location of visual and haptic cues a priority. 相似文献
39.
Continuing professional development (CPD) and life-long learning are vital to both individual and organisational success. For higher education, the intensive resource requirements requisite in the development of e-learning content and the challenges in accommodating different learning styles, developing an e-learning program can be a resource intensive exercise. A blended learning program has been developed in Ireland in an attempt to address the CPD needs of Irish construction professionals. This initiative attempts to strike a balance between the considerable resources required in the development of an e-learning initiative while addressing staff concerns in integrating technology in the delivery of programs. This pilot explores the issues encountered in integrating a simulation game, called MERIT, on a module as part of this blended learning program. The key finding from this research indicates that simulation games can play a very effective role in the delivery of lifelong learning opportunities aimed at the construction industry. However, management of the integration of a simulation game into a program requires careful planning, establishing key milestone dates and encouraging online collaboration through assigning of marks for effort and use of voice over IP communications. 相似文献
40.
Testing Forecast Accuracy of Foreign Exchange Rates: Predictions from Feed Forward and Various Recurrent Neural Network Architectures 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
In this research, we work with data of futures contracts on foreign exchange rates for British pound (BP), Canadian dollar
(CD), and Japanese yen (JY) that are traded at the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) against US dollars. We model relationships
between exchange rates in these currencies using linear models, feed forward artificial neural networks (ANN), and three versions
of recurrent neural networks (RNN1, RNN2 and RNN3) for predicting exchange rates in these currencies against the US dollar.
Our results on forecast evaluations based on AGS test the tests of forecast equivalence between any two competing models among
the entire models employed for each of the series show that ANN and the three versions of RNN models offer superior forecasts
for predicting BP, CD and JY exchange rates although the forecast evaluations based on MGN test are in sharp contrast. On
the other hand forecast based on SIGN test shows that ANN and all the versions of RNN models offer superior forecasts for
BP and CD in exception of JY exchange rates. The results for forecast evaluation for all the models for each of the series
based on summary measures of forecast evaluations show that RNN3 model appears to offer the most accurate predictions of BP
and RNN1 for JP exchange rates. However, none of the RNN models appear to be statistically superior to the benchmark (i.e.,
linear model) for predicting CD exchange rates.
相似文献