Positive Psychotherapy (PPT) is a therapeutic metatheory and approach that was developed in 1968 by Dr. Nossrat Peseschkian. His contribution to psychotherapy is not to be confused with what is being called PPT and is an outgrowth of Positive Psychology begun by Dr. Martin Seligman in the U.S. Peseschkian's approach to therapy is inherently and systematically integrative, along the lines of being cross-cultural, multidisciplinary, therapeutically, and psychologically intertheoretic. This article presents some basic premises of PPT: the use of stories; having a positive starting point; basic and actual capacities; five-stage therapeutic model; as well as mentioning other aspects of PPT and a case study. PPT is well suited to therapists advocating integrative psychotherapy as demonstrated by empirical research. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
Lower-field MR is reemerging as a viable, potentially cost-effective alternative to high-field MR, thanks to advances in hardware, sequence design, and reconstruction over the past decades. Evaluation of lower field strengths, however, is limited by the availability of lower-field systems on the market and their considerable procurement costs. In this work, we demonstrate a low-cost, temporary alternative to purchasing a dedicated lower-field MR system.
Materials and Methods
By ramping down an existing clinical 3 T MRI system to 0.75 T, proton signals can be acquired using repurposed 13C transmit/receive hardware and the multi-nuclei spectrometer interface. We describe the ramp-down procedure and necessary software and hardware changes to the system.
Results
Apart from presenting system characterization results, we show in vivo examples of cardiac cine imaging, abdominal two- and three-point Dixon-type water/fat separation, water/fat-separated MR Fingerprinting, and point-resolved spectroscopy. In addition, the ramp-down approach allows unique comparisons of, e.g., gradient fidelity of the same MR system operated at different field strengths using the same receive chain, gradient coils, and amplifiers.
Discussion
Ramping down an existing MR system may be seen as a viable alternative for lower-field MR research in groups that already own multi-nuclei hardware and can also serve as a testing platform for custom-made multi-nuclei transmit/receive coils.
Crack–opening displacement (COD) measurements were performed on a commercial lead zirconate titanate (PZT). The intrinsic fracture toughness (or crack–tip toughness) of this material was determined using a new evaluation procedure, which takes into account the near–tip CODs and complete crack profile CODs. The crack–tip toughness K I0 was determined from an extrapolation of COD data obtained at various loading stages, thus avoiding the complications caused by subcritical crack growth in PZT. Results for plane strain and plane stress condition are presented. 相似文献
ANSWERS-2000, a non-point-source planning model was modified to simulate long-term nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) transport from rural watersheds. The model simulates infiltration, evapotranspiration, percolation, and runoff and losses of nitrate, adsorbed and dissolved ammonium, adsorbed total Kjeldahl N, and adsorbed and dissolved P losses. Eight soil nutrient pools are modeled: stable organic N, active organic N, nitrate, ammonium, and stable mineral P, active mineral P, organic P, and exchangeable P. The model was validated on two small watersheds without calibration and on a large watershed with calibration of only the sediment detachment parameters. Predicted cumulative runoff, sediment, nitrate, dissolved ammonium, adsorbed total Kjeldahl N, and orthophosphorus P losses were within a factor of 2 of observed values (?40 to +44% of observed values). Predictions of individual runoff event losses were not as accurate (?98 to +250%). The model seriously underpredicted adsorbed ammonium losses by up to 97%, and additional work is recommended on this submodel. In a practical application, the use of the model in evaluating the cost-effectiveness of alternative management scenarios was demonstrated. 相似文献
Human mucus proteinase inhibitor (MPI) consists of 107 aminoacids arranged in two domains showing high homology to eachother. This protein is an inhibitor of different serine proteinasesincluding trypsin, chymotrypsin, leukocyte elastase and cathepsinG. On the basis of sequence comparisons it has been suggestedthat the first domain inhibits trypsin, whereas the second onewas thought to be active against chymotrypsin and elastase.To prove the location of the different inhibitory activitiesgene fragments for both domains have been cloned separatelyand expressed in Escherichia coli. Inhibition assays with theisolated recombinant domains showed that the second domain isactive against chymotrypsin, neutrophil elastase and trypsin,whereas for the first domain only a weak activity against trypsincould be detected. These results suggest that the inhibitoryactivities of the native molecule towards these three proteinasesare all located in the second domain. 相似文献