Bacterial inhibiting surfaces caused by the effects of silver release and/or electrical field

In this study, silver-palladium surfaces and silver-bearing stainless steels were designed and investigated focusing on electrochemical principles to form inhibiting effects on planktonic and/or biofilm bacteria in water systems. Silver-resistant Escherichia coli and silver-sensitive E. coli were used for the evaluation of inhibiting effects and the inhibiting mechanism. For silver-palladium surfaces combined with bacteria in media, the inhibiting effect was a result of electrochemical interactions and/or electrical field, and in some specific media, such as ammonium containing, undesired silver ions release can occur from their surfaces. For silver-bearing stainless steels, the inhibiting effect can only be explained by high local silver ions release, and can be limited or deactivated dependent on the specific environment.     

On starting conditions for a submerged sink in a fluid

The main purpose of the present work is the development of a general formulation for the flow of a Newtonian fluid over manifolds with curvature. The novel formulation includes an explicit contribution of the Ricci curvature in the diffusion of momentum and is applicable to flows that conserve a general volume: Riemannian or otherwise. The general solution of the Stokes flow on a sphere and the associated Stokeslet are also computed.     

Endurance of EEPROMs with On-Chip Error Correction

This paper presents an endurance model for EEPROMs utilizing an on-chip error-correction code (ECC). This is necessary to determine the effect that ECC schemes have upon endurance (and therefore, reliability) of EEPROMs. EEPROM technology is briefly discussed.     

A multidimensional wave digital filter bank for video-based motion analysis

Multidimensional wave digital filters (MDWDF) exhibit the same desirable properties as 1D WDFs, most notably including passivity and therefore guaranteed stability as well as high robustness. A possible application for such MDWDFs may be found in motion analysis of image sequences by means of filters with fan-shaped transfer functions, where content with specific movement information can be extracted. For that matter, a parallel filter bank is needed to differentiate object motion into separate classes. In this paper, a new specialized MDWDF fan filter structure is introduced, possessing both reduced computational complexity and memory requirements compared to existing approaches. Additionally, part of the processing can be shared among all bands, further increasing efficiency.     

Design and Expected Performance of GISMO-2, a Two Color Millimeter Camera for the IRAM 30 m Telescope

We present the main design features for the GISMO-2 bolometer camera, which we build for background-limited operation at the IRAM 30 m telescope on Pico Veleta, Spain. GISMO-2 will operate simultaneously in the 1 and 2 mm atmospherical windows. The 1 mm channel uses a \(32 \times 40\) TES-based backshort under grid (BUG) bolometer array, the 2 mm channel operates with a \(16 \times 16\) BUG array. The camera utilizes almost the entire full field of view provided by the telescope. The optical design of GISMO-2 was strongly influenced by our experience with the GISMO 2 mm bolometer camera, which is successfully operating at the 30 m telescope. GISMO is accessible to the astronomical community through the regular IRAM call for proposals.     

Subcutaneous and intermuscular fat characterisation of dry-cured Iberian hams

The fatty acid composition of the triacylglycerols and free fatty acids of subcutaneous (internal and superficial layers) and intermuscular fat and the contribution of these fatty acids to the formation of volatile compounds were determined in dry-cured Iberian ham. The profile of the fatty acids and volatile compounds showed that lipolytic and oxidative processes occur more intensively in subcutaneous than intermuscular fat, however, few differences were found compared to those found in ham lean.