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The objective of this study was to investigate if coexisting compounds could affect the fate of pharmaceuticals in surface water under solar irradiation. The degradation of metronidazole (MET) in the presence of different coexisting pharmaceuticals was investigated in batch experiments with exposure to sunlight. Tinidazole, which has a similar structure to MET, was employed as an analogue. The results indicated that the presence of an analogue with a similar photosensitive group to MET could inhibit the photodegradation of MET. In addition, the effect of coexisting pharmaceuticals with different absorption spectra on the degradation of MET was investigated. The results showed that the effect depended on the degree of overlapping absorption spectra between MET and the coexisting pharmaceuticals. The relationship between the degree of the influence and the ultraviolet absorption spectra of coexisting pharmaceuticals found in this study could give guidance in assessing the fate of pharmaceuticals in environmental water. 相似文献
74.
This paper presents a novel ranking framework for content-based multimedia information retrieval (CBMIR). The framework introduces relevance features and a new ranking scheme. Each relevance feature measures the relevance of an instance with respect to a profile of the targeted multimedia database. We show that the task of CBMIR can be done more effectively using the relevance features than the original features. Furthermore, additional performance gain is achieved by incorporating our new ranking scheme which modifies instance rankings based on the weighted average of relevance feature values. Experiments on image and music databases validate the efficacy and efficiency of the proposed framework. 相似文献
75.
This paper presents an integration technology for RF passives using benzocyclobutene (BCB)/metal multilayer interconnection
for system-in-package applications. This technology has been specially developed for RF subsystem packages in which a thick
polymer, BCB (more than 15 μm thick), is adopted as dielectric with lossy silicon as substrate for its excellent characteristics.
Both dry-etch BCB and photosensitive BCB are applied in this work, and their processes are briefly introduced and compared.
An RF power divider, an MIM capacitor, different types of RF inductors as well as a coupled microstrip based band-pass filter
are fabricated and measured at wafer level. The results show good electrical performances, and accordingly the passives are
well applicable in RF band. Moreover, the subsystem models including monolithic chips connected with passives are presented. 相似文献
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77.
Control of nanosystems with frictional dynamics using feedback control methods is important to a wide range of applications of nanotribology. This paper studies the tracking control problem of an array of nanoparticles moving on a substrate with friction between the substrate and the particles. The focus of this study is on control design and stability analysis. The major challenges in this problem include nonlinearities and uncertainties in the frictional dynamics and limited availability of measurable states in nanosystems. The particle–substrate interaction is considered to be unknown, and the unknown effect of unmodeled particle dynamics on the dynamics of the center of mass of the array is also considered. A nonlinear identifier is first developed to identify these unmodeled dynamics. A feedback controller is then developed based on the identifier to control the center of mass of the particles to track a desired trajectory. Boundedness of the closed-loop states and semiglobal asymptotic stability of the tracking error are proven using Lyapunov theory for the case of linear inter-particle interactions. An example with more general Morse-type inter-particle interactions is included to provide some level of confidence that the results are general but not assuredness that they are. Numerical simulation results are provided to demonstrate the performance of the developed identification and control law. 相似文献
78.
王婷 《延边大学学报(自然科学版)》2013,39(1):14-17
在零售市场中,来自顾客的产品退货是一个普遍现象,它的产生同时影响着生产商与销售商,进而影响整个供应链系统.本文假设顾客退货量是市场需求以及零售价等决策变量的相关函数,在单周期供应链中考虑线性需求情形下的定价模型和最优订货策略,并给出了模拟算例. 相似文献
79.
In Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) system, the number of positive channel matrix eigenvalues ~s directly related to system performance. In order to characterize and model channel matrix eigenvalues, channel measurements at 6. 0 -6. 4GHz by using 4 ~ 4 MIMO structure were conducted in a typical classroom environment. Based on measured data, the eigenvalues were modeled as Log-Normal distributed random variables and parameterized. Furthermore, Cross-Correlation (CC) coefficients of eigenvalues were estimated. The measurement results show that, under both Light-Of-Sight (LOS) and Non- Light-Of-Sight (NLOS) scenarios, eigenvalues are highly de-correlatod so that CC can be ignored for eigenvalue model. 相似文献
80.