高效防气防砂一体化管柱的研制与应用

为解决文南油田高气液比井出砂易造成卡泵的问题,研制了高效防气防砂一体化管柱。该管柱主要由闭式气锚、重力式防气装置和激光割缝筛管3部分组成。闭式气锚的分离作用消除了气体对抽油泵的影响,提高了泵效;重力防气装置利用液气分离原理和高烟囱原理进行液气分离,液流回流时间可达10min,排气最高压差可达0.2MPa;经激光割缝筛管过滤后的液体含砂粒外径小于0.05mm。该管柱在文南油田现场应用16井次,累计增液6000t,增油2717t,平均单井泵效提高7%。     

航空油品高频/高压电脱水微观机理

设计并建立了一套高压电物理化学显微分析装置，为研究高压电物理化学领域的微观机理提供了一种新的技术途径。采用该技术，研究了胜利稠油经6％加氢裂解柴油稀释的原料油的高频／高压电脱水的微观机理。该原料的脱水率达96．7％，高于传统的电脱水方法。     

海底沉积物中天然气水合物生成和分解规律研究进展

对国内外有关海底沉积物中天然气水合物生成和分解规律方面的研究进行了详细调研,得到如下结论:天然气水合物的生成和分解条件在海底沉积物中与在井筒、管道中有明显不同,其主要原因是多孔介质中流体与孔隙壁面间的界面效应对海底沉积物中天然气水合物的形成条件会产生明显影响;在海底沉积物中天然气水合物生成和分解条件的数值模拟技术研究方面,研究者大都假设以天然气水合物作为盖层的成藏类型,借助常规油气藏数值模拟技术进行模拟研究;影响海底沉积物中天然气水合物生成和分解条件的因素很多,因此海底沉积物中天然气水合物生成和分解规律研究必须借助试验模拟、数值模拟和现场测试相结合的综合方式进行。该调研成果可为今后天然气水合物经济有效开采技术方案选择和进行天然气水合物危害控制等提供参考。     

赢得"海丝"满人间——泉州桥南古村保护再生规划

一、项目背景滨河千年古村桥南,地处福建省沿海城市泉州市的东端,作为连接东南亚和欧洲地中海的海上贸易网络—“海上丝绸之路”的起点而久负盛名。曾几何时,万国客商云集、千帆相竞的盛景而今已渐渐归于淡泊和悠远(图1)。桥南村隶属洛江区,镶嵌在一座山脉公园与洛阳江入海口之间。洛阳桥横跨江口,直通对岸洛阳小镇,这座千年花岗岩古桥已被确定为国家级物质文化遗产,桥村共生的格局使桥南民居历经时代历练,折射出本地区不同历史时期独特的建筑文化光影(图2)。泉州市政府于2004年开始申请“海上丝绸之路”成为联合国教科文组织世界文化遗址,…     

熔炼钼合金的挤压加工

分析了熔炼钼合金在挤压加工中的影响因素,指出在研制中设备、工艺等方面所存在的实际问题,指出目前国内可用于难熔金属加工的挤压设备老化严重,严重阻碍了熔炼钼合金的深入研究.     

潘庄引黄灌区泥沙处理对策探讨

潘庄引黄灌区在多年的引黄泥沙处理利用工作中,探索并总结出一套适合灌区特点的泥沙处理模式,取得了较好的效果。主要针对灌区引黄灌溉中的泥沙处理问题,在综述了灌区泥沙处理和利用的现状和新形势下传统泥沙处理方式所存在问题的基础上,从自然条件、工程条件等方面进行泥沙处理的探讨。     

Lake-Level Change and Water Balance Analysis at Lake Qinghai,West China during Recent Decades

Lake Qinghai, the largest saline lake with an area of 4,260 km² (2000) and average depth of 21 m (1985) in West China, has experienced severe decline in water level in recent decades. This study aimed to investigate water balance of the lake and identify the causes for the decline in lake level. There was a 3.35-m decline in water level with an average decreasing rate of 8.0 cm year⁻¹ between 1959 and 2000. The lake water balance showed that mean annual precipitation between 1959 and 2000 over the lake was 357 ± 10 mm, evaporation was 924 ± 10 mm, surface runoff water inflow was 348 ± 21 mm, groundwater inflow was 138 mm ± 9 and the change in lake level was −80 ± 31 mm. The variation of lake level was highly positively correlated to surface runoff and precipitation and negatively to evaporation, the correlation coefficients were 0.89, 0.81 and −0.66, respectively. Water consumption by human activities accounts for 1% of the evaporation loss of the lake, implying that water consumption by human activities has little effect on lake level decline. Most dramatic decline in lake level occurred in the warm and dry years, and moderate decline in the cold and dry years, and relatively slight decline in the warm and wet years, therefore, the trend of cold/warm and dry climate in recent decades may be the main reasons for the decline in lake level.     

棒材穿水冷却过程温度场有限元分析

针对棒材穿水冷却过程,利用ANSYS有限元分析软件建立了棒材温度场预报模型,研究了棒材穿水冷却过程中的热边界条件,分析了棒材温度场的分布及其变化规律。该模型的计算结果与实测值吻合较好,能够准确地预测棒材穿水冷却后的温度分布和最终的组织。     

The feature-based posterior crown design in a dental CAD/CAM system

This paper presents a newly developed CAD approach for a quick and accurate design of a dental posterior prosthesis. The approach arises from the basic idea that every human tooth has its own specific features. Based upon the features of the standard posterior tooth, the initial data containing the defined feature points are firstly acquired from the scanned points of the standard tooth. The standard prosthetic profile is thereby formulated using the bicubic Nurbs surface fitting technique. This profile has the two functions of possessing the same features with the patient’s missing posterior tooth, and the adjustability with the feature points and the defined B-spline profile feature curves. For the purpose of the adjustment of the established model, the global and occlusal feature curves are proposed considering the individual patient’s original information. According to these curves, the corresponding standard prosthetic profile is locally adjusted to meet the fit of the global size and occlusal surface. Finally, a close and continuous profile of a posterior crown is generated. Using this design, a posterior prosthesis is successfully manufactured in the computer-aided machining process.