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21.
H. Watanabe K. Hirota O. Yamaguchi S. Inamura H. Miyamoto N. Shiokawa K. Tsuji 《Journal of Materials Science》1994,29(14):3719-3723
In compositions having ZrO2/Y2O3=(74.25–71.25)/(0.75–3.75) (mol% ratio) with 25 mol% Al2O3, metastable t-ZrO2 solid solutions crystallize at 780° to 860°C from amorphous materials prepared by the simultaneous hydrolysis of zirconium, yttrium and aluminium acetylacetonates. Hot isostatic pressing has been performed for 1 h at 1130 and 1230°C under 196 MPa using their powders. Two kinds of material are fabricated: (i) perfect ZrO2 solid-solution ceramics and (ii) composites of ZrO2 solid solution and -Al2O3. Their mechanical properties are examined, in connection with microstructures and t/m ZrO2 ratios. Composites with a homogeneous dispersed -Al2O3 derived from solid-solution ceramics result in a remarkable increase of strength. 相似文献
22.
H. Kato T. Sano Y. Wada Y. Tamaura M. Tsuji T. Tsuji S. Miyazaki 《Journal of Materials Science》1995,30(24):6350-6354
The continuous methanation of CO2 has been accomplished over hydrogen-reduced Ni(II)-bearing ferrite (NixFe3–xO4–; x=0.39, > 0) in a mixed gas flow of CO2 and H2 at 250–375 °C. The yield and the selectivity for the methanation were larger than 50% and 95%, respectively, at the initial stage of the process. They decreased to 31% and 89%, respectively, after 6 h methanation. The innovative results can be ascribed to the use of the new material; hydrogen-reduced Ni(II)-bearing ferrite. Its formation was evinced by chemical analyses and the increase in the lattice constant; the lattice constant of the Ni(II)-bearing ferrite (a0 0.8375 nm) was enlarged to 0.8379 nm by hydrogen reduction. The enlarged lattice constant was not changed during the methanation. These findings suggest that the methanation occurs at the oxygen-deficient site of the hydrogen-reduced Ni(II)-bearing ferrite, as well as the formation of water by combination of the incorporated oxygens with hydrogen. The methanation consists of three steps of the elementary reaction. First, the oxygen-deficient sites are formed by hydrogen reduction; second, CO2 is reduced to elementary carbon and two oxygen ions which are incorporated into the oxygen-deficient sites; and third, the carbon deposited on the surface of the reduced ferrite is selectively hydrogenated to CH4. 相似文献
23.
Tsuji S Kasumi T Nagase K Yoshikawa E Kobayashi H Kurita N 《Journal of molecular graphics & modelling》2011,29(8):975-984
During cancer invasion, the binding of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) to its receptor (uPAR) on the surface of a cancer cell is considered a trigger for invasion. Here, we present a stable structure of the solvated complex formed between uPA and uPAR (uPA-uPAR) and investigate the specific interactions between uPA and uPAR by ab initio fragment molecular orbital (FMO) calculations. The result indicates that the electrostatic interactions between the charged amino acid residues existing in both uPA and uPAR make a large contribution to the binding between uPA and uPAR. In particular, Lys23, Lys46, Lys98 and Lys61 of uPA are found to have strong attractive interactions with uPAR. To elucidate the effect of these residues on the interactions between uPA and uPAR, we substituted each of them with the uncharged amino acid Leu and investigated the interactions between the mutated uPA and wild-type uPAR. The interaction energies indicate that Lys46 and Lys98, which bind uPA to the rim of the central ligand-binding cavity of uPAR, make greater contributions to the binding between uPA and uPAR than Lys23, which is positioned at the bottom of the ligand-binding cavity of uPAR. The effect of hydrating water molecules located between uPA and uPAR is also investigated to be significant for the specific interactions between uPA and uPAR. These results are expected to be informative for developing new peptide antagonists that block the binding of uPA to uPAR. 相似文献
24.
Since the control methods of a transport system between processing machines are specialized for each layout of the system,
it is difficult to design prompt schedules and control logic for new complicated systems, especially in cases of machine faults
or restructuring the system to modify the layout. In this article, we describe a multiagent transport control system which
utilizes pheromone information. Each element of the system acts as an agent and estimates the appropriate path and time to
drive out the products using information obtained by communication with other elements as well as pheromone information deposited
on the tracks of the products. 相似文献
25.
A neural oscillator with a double-chain structure is one of the central pattern generator models used to simulate and understand rhythmic movements in living organisms. However, it is difficult to reproduce desired rhythmic signals by tuning an enormous number of parameters of neural oscillators. In this study, we propose an automatic tuning method consisting of two parts. The first involves tuning rules for both the time constants and the amplitude of the oscillatory outputs based on theoretical analyses of the relationship between parameters and outputs of the neural oscillators. The second involves an evolutionary tuning method with a two-step genetic algorithm (GA), consisting of a global GA and a local GA, for tuning parameters such as neural connection weights that have no exact tuning rule. Using numerical experiments, we confirmed that the proposed tuning method could successfully tune all parameters and generate sinusoidal waves. The tuning performance of the proposed method was less affected by factors such as the number of excitatory oscillators or the desired outputs. Furthermore, the proposed method was applied to the parameter-tuning problem of some types of artificial and biological wave reproduction and yielded optimal parameter values that generated complex rhythmic signals in Caenorhabditis elegans without trial and error. 相似文献
26.
27.
ABSTRACTMedium-Mn steels are energetically investigated as a candidate of the third generation advanced high strength steels (AHSSs). However, their phase transformation and microstructaure evolution during various heat treatments and thermomechanical processing are still unclear. The present study first confirmed the kinetics of static phase transformation behaviour in a 3Mn-0.1C medium-Mn steel. Hot compression tests were also carried out to investigate the influence of high-temperature deformation of austenite on subsequent microstructure evolution. It was found that static ferrite transformation was quite slow in this steel, but ferrite transformation was greatly accelerated by the hot deformation in austenite and ferrite two-phase regions. Characteristic dual-phase microstructures composed of martensite and fine-grained ferrite were obtained, which exhibited superior mechanical properties.This paper is part of a Thematic Issue on Medium Manganese Steels. 相似文献
28.
Shoji Seki Mami Iwasaki Hiroto Makino Yasuhito Yahara Miho Kondo Katsuhiko Kamei Hayato Futakawa Makiko Nogami Kenta Watanabe Nguyen Tran Canh Tung Tatsuro Hirokawa Mamiko Tsuji Yoshiharu Kawaguchi 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(9)
The role of the ligamentum flavum (LF) in the pathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is not well understood. Using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we investigated the degrees of LF hypertrophy in 18 patients without scoliosis and on the convex and concave sides of the apex of the curvature in 22 patients with AIS. Next, gene expression was compared among neutral vertebral LF and LF on the convex and concave sides of the apex of the curvature in patients with AIS. Histological and microarray analyses of the LF were compared among neutral vertebrae (control) and the LF on the apex of the curvatures. The mean area of LF in the without scoliosis, apical concave, and convex with scoliosis groups was 10.5, 13.5, and 20.3 mm2, respectively. There were significant differences among the three groups (p < 0.05). Histological analysis showed that the ratio of fibers (Collagen/Elastic) was significantly increased on the convex side compared to the concave side (p < 0.05). Microarray analysis showed that ERC2 and MAFB showed significantly increased gene expression on the convex side compared with those of the concave side and the neutral vertebral LF cells. These genes were significantly associated with increased expression of collagen by LF cells (p < 0.05). LF hypertrophy was identified in scoliosis patients, and the convex side was significantly more hypertrophic than that of the concave side. ERC2 and MAFB genes were associated with LF hypertrophy in patients with AIS. These phenomena are likely to be associated with the progression of scoliosis. 相似文献
29.
Poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) polymers having terminal n-alkyl groups with a wide variety of lengths (C0–C22) were synthesized by ring-opening polymerization of l-lactide in the presence of coinitiators of l-lactic acid (C0), 1-hexanol (C6), 1-dodecanol (C12), and 1-docosanol (C22) and their segmental mobility and non-isothermal and isothermal crystallization behavior were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide-angle X-ray diffractometry (WAXD). Glass transition and cold crystallization temperatures of melt-quenched samples during heating decreased with an increase in the length of terminal n-alkyl groups. The enhanced PLLA segmental mobility and hydrophobic interaction-based accelerated PLLA nucleation by the presence of terminal long n-alkyl groups should have caused the accelerated non-isothermal and isothermal crystallization of PLLA segments traced by cold crystallization temperature during heating and by radial growth rate of spherulites, respectively. The crystallization accelerating effect became higher with the length of terminal n-alkyl groups. The effects of the length of terminal n-alkyl group on the crystalline growth mechanism of PLLA at the lowest crystallizable temperature was insignificant, whereas the effects of the length of terminal n-alkyl group on the nucleation mechanism of PLLA chains were significant and insignificant for PLLA having Mn of 6–7 × 103 of 2 × 104 g mol−1, respectively. WAXD measurements revealed that the transition crystallization temperature at which crystalline modification changes from δ-form to α-form was affected by the length of terminal n-alkyl group for PLLA having Mn of 6–7 × 103 g mol−1, but was not altered by the length of terminal n-alkyl group for PLLA having Mn of 2 × 104 g mol−1. 相似文献
30.