A novel approach for mobile malware classification and detection in Android systems

Multimedia Tools and Applications - With the increasing number of malicious attacks, the way how to detect malicious Apps has drawn attention in mobile technology market. In this paper, we proposed...     

An Investigation into the Thermal Boundary Resistance Associated with the Twin Boundary in Bismuth Telluride

The thermal boundary resistances (TBRs) of twin boundaries occurring at three different atomic layers (Te1, Bi, and Te2) of bismuth telluride (Bi₂Te₃) are investigated in use of the non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) simulation method. The simulation results show that among all, the Te1-twin boundaries bring about a lowest interfacial energy corresponding to a most stable system, which explains why this type of twin boundaries is mostly often observed in the laboratory; the Te2-twin boundaries on the other hand possess a largest interfacial energy, resulting in a least stable system. The order in magnitude of the TBRs associated with these three types of twin boundaries is Te2-twin > Bi-twin > Te1-twin. Moreover, the TBR associated with a pair of twin boundaries separated by a distance of 4 unit cell (UC) is found to be about twice as large as that of a single twin boundary of the same type. It implies that the mutual coupling, which causes an increase in TBRs, may be ignored and the effect of twin boundaries may be counted individually as long as the separation distance is larger than 4 UC.     

Development of an objective mental workload assessment tool based on Rasmussen's skill–rule–knowledge framework

It is important to monitor operators’ mental workload during the operation phase. Physiological measurement approaches could record the operator's mental data continuously, and might be less interruptive on the work activities. However, these methods often require the attachment of physical sensors, which are not unobtrusive in the physical sense. Furthermore, the individual difference makes calibrating to each individual tedious and requires trained persons to use. Often high noise-to-signal ratio data are hard to analyze. Due to these factors, physiological workload measurements are hardly widely applied in practical fields. In this study, an objective, non-intrusive and performance-based mental workload predictive model was proposed with high validity (R² = 0.51), which can be applied during the operation phrase. This model, developed based on the Rasmussen's skill–rule–knowledge framework, is comprised of two novel cognitive indices, the attention required index and uncertainty index. It can be used as the basis for establishing an early online warning system automatically. Furthermore, this model also predicts the types of error-prone tasks. This kind of information is expected to provide managers and supervisors with opportunities to intervene and improve tasks before error occurred. Finally, the predictive model proposed in this paper requires more practical application in fields to be completed.     

Myocardial infarction classification with multi-lead ECG using hidden Markov models and Gaussian mixture models

This study presented a new diagnosis system for myocardial infarction classification by converting multi-lead ECG data into a density model for increasing accuracy and flexibility of diseases detection. In contrast to the traditional approaches, a hybrid system with HMMs and GMMs was employed for data classification. A hybrid approach using multi-leads, i.e., lead-V1, V2, V3 and V4 for myocardial infarction were developed and HMMs were used not only to find the ECG segmentations but also to calculate the log-likelihood value which was treated as statistical feature data of each heartbeat's ECG complex. The 4-dimension feature vector extracted by HMMs was clustered by GMMs with different numbers of distribution (disease and normal data). SVMs classifier was also examined for comparison with our system in experimental result. There were total 1129 samples of heartbeats from clinical data, including 582 data with myocardial infarction and 547 normal data. The sensitivity of this diagnosis system achieved 85.71%, specificity achieved 79.82% and accuracy achieved 82.50% statistically.     

A study on the characteristics and pervaporation performance of polyamide thin‐film composite membranes with modified polyacrylonitrile as substrate for bioethanol dehydration

To improve the pervaporation performance in separating an aqueous ethanol solution, polyamide thin‐film composite (TFC) membranes (m‐tolidine‐H‐TMC/mPAN) were prepared through the interfacial polymerization reaction between trimesoyl chloride (TMC) and 2,2'‐dimethylbenzidine hydrochloride (m‐tolidine‐H) on the surface of a modified polyacrylonitrile (mPAN) membrane. The effects of the feed ethanol concentration on the pervaporation performance and the durability of m‐tolidine‐H‐TMC/mPAN TFC membranes were investigated. To choose the optimal mPAN membrane as the TFC substrate, the effect of hydrolysis time on the chemical properties and separation performance of an mPAN substrate was also studied. An appropriate hydrolysis time of 15 min was chosen to obtain the mPAN substrate due to the corresponding high permeation flux. The m‐tolidine‐H‐TMC/mPAN TFC membrane exhibited a high pervaporation performance for ethanol dehydration. A positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy experiment was used to estimate the mean free‐volume radius of the m‐tolidine‐H‐TMC polyamide selective layer, which lay between the radii of the water and ethanol molecules. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry     

Roles of Nitric Oxide and Asymmetric Dimethylarginine in Pregnancy and Fetal Programming

Nitric oxide (NO) regulates placental blood flow and actively participates in trophoblast invasion and placental development. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) can inhibit NO synthase, which generates NO. ADMA has been associated with uterine artery flow disturbances such as preeclampsia. Substantial experimental evidence has reliably supported the hypothesis that an adverse in utero environment plays a role in postnatal physiological and pathophysiological programming. Growing evidence suggests that the placental nitrergic system is involved in epigenetic fetal programming. In this review, we discuss the roles of NO and ADMA in normal and compromised pregnancies as well as the link between placental insufficiency and epigenetic fetal programming.     

An optimal range of information quantity on computer-based procedure interface design in the advanced main control room

The quantification of information in the interface design is a critical issue. Too much information on an interface can confuse a user while executing a task, and too little information may result in poor user performance. This study focused on the quantification of visible information on computer-based procedures (CBPs). Levels of information quantity and task complexity were considered in this experiment. Simulated CBPs were developed to consist of three levels: high (at least 10 events, i.e. 3.32 bits), medium (4–8 events, i.e. 2–3 bits), and low information quantity (1 or 2 events, i.e. 0 or 1 bits). Task complexity comprised two levels: complex tasks and simple tasks. The dependent variables include operation time, secondary task performance, and mental workload. Results suggested that medium information quantity of five to eight events has a remarkable advantage in supporting operator performance under both simple and complex tasks. This research not only suggested the appropriate range of information quantity on the CBP interface, but also complemented certain deficient results of previous CBP interface design studies. Additionally, based on results obtained by this study, the quantification of information on the CBP interface should be considered to ensure safe operation of nuclear power plants.     

Error-tolerability enhancement via bit inversion and median filtering for single-bit errors in image processing circuits

Microsystem Technologies - Error-tolerance has been proposed as a new method to increase effective yield of a system. The basic idea is that faulty chips might be still acceptable as long as their...