Insight into the BiFeO3 flash sintering process by in-situ energy dispersive X-ray diffraction (ED-XRD)

The sintering mechanism of BiFeO₃ has been investigated in-situ by energy dispersive X-ray diffraction (ED-XRD) using a high-energy white collimated X-ray beam from the Advanced Photon Source (Argonne National Laboratories). Such radiation is very penetrating thereby allowing measurements of the sample even when placed inside the flash sintering set up. Additionally, the fast ED-XRD measurements permit monitoring the flash sintering process by providing information about phase composition and sample temperature in real time. Moreover, profile scans, obtained by moving the stage vertically while recording the ED-XRD spectra, permit investigating the homogeneity of the flash for the entire length of the sample. All experiments have been complemented by ex-situ studies. It has been concluded that flash sintering of BiFeO₃ is a homogeneous process without any directionality effects. Furthermore, flash sintering takes place at quite low temperatures (below the Tc $\approx$ 830?°C), which may be related to the high quality of the samples, as pure, highly insulating ceramics without evidence of secondary phases with a homogenous nanostructured grain size distribution are obtained by this technique. Moreover, it is also evidenced that the rapid heating of the sample does not seem to justify, at least by itself, the densification process. Therefore, it appears that the electric current should play a role in the enhanced mobility during the sintering process.     

A Novel Noise-Enhanced Back-Propagation Technique for Weak Signal Detection in Neyman–Pearson Framework

Neural Processing Letters - In this paper, we propose a noise enhanced neural network based detector. The proposed method can detect the known weak signal in additive non-Gaussian noise. Carefully...     

Applying Machine Learning for Firebrand Production Prediction

Fire Technology - This article presents a machine learning (ML) based metamodeling framework for firebrand production prediction. This framework was implemented to predict the firebrand areal mass...     

A Multi-Conditional Proxy Broadcast Re-Encryption Scheme for Sensor Networks

In sensor networks, it is a challenge to ensure the security of data exchange between packet switching nodes holding different private keys. In order to solve this problem, the present study proposes a scheme called multi-conditional proxy broadcast reencryption (MC-PBRE). The scheme consists of the following roles: the source node, proxy server, and the target node. If the condition is met, the proxy can convert the encrypted data of the source node into data that the target node can directly decrypt. It allows the proxy server to convert the ciphertext of the source node to a new ciphertext of the target node in a different group, while the proxy server does not need to store the key or reveal the plaintext. At the same time, the proxy server cannot obtain any valuable information in the ciphertext. This paper formalizes the concept of MC-PBRE and its security model, and proposes a MC-PBRE scheme of ciphertext security. Finally, the scheme security has been proved in the random oracle.     

A Comprehensive Survey on Security Issues in 5G Wireless Communication Network using Beamforming Approach

Wireless Personal Communications - Numerous devices are expected to upsurge profoundly in the proximate future with an estimated figure exceeding the 50 billion benchmark of connected devices by...     

Coverage‐based vulnerability discovery modeling to optimize disclosure time using multiattribute approach

Software vulnerabilities trend over time has been proposed by various researchers and academicians in recent years. But none of them have considered operational coverage function in vulnerability discovery modeling. In this research paper, we have proposed a generalized statistical model that determines the relationship between operational coverage function and the number of expected vulnerabilities. During the operational phase, possible vulnerable sites are covered and vulnerabilities present at a particular site are discovered with some probability. We have assumed that the proposed model follows the nonhomogeneous Poisson process properties; thus, different distributions are used to formulate the model. The numerical illustration shows that the proposed model performs better and has the good fitness to the Google Chrome data. The second focus of this research paper is to evaluate the total cost incurred by the developer after software release and to identify the optimal vulnerability disclosure time through multiobjective utility function. The proposed vulnerability discovery helps in optimization. The optimal time problem depends on the combined effect of cost, risk, and effort.     

Utilizing the Oxygen Carrier Property of Cerium Iron Oxide for the Low-Temperature Synthesis of 1,3-butadiene from 1-butene

Catalysis Letters - Low-temperature oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of 1-butene to 1,3-butadiene is one of the challenging reactions in the polymer industry. Towards this a highly dispersed cerium...