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41.
Yoshinori Kawamura Kentaro Ochiai Tsuyoshi Hoshino Keitaro Kondo Yasunori Iwai Kazuhiro Kobayashi Masaru Nakamichi Chikara Konno Toshihiko Yamanishi Takumi Hayashi Masato Akiba 《Fusion Engineering and Design》2012,87(7-8):1253-1257
In a fusion reactor, the prediction of tritium release behavior from breeder blanket is important to design the tritium recovery system, but the amount of tritium generated is necessary information to do that. Hence, tritium generation and recovery studies on lithium ceramics packed bed have been started by using fusion neutron source (FNS) in Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA). Lithium titanate (Li2TiO3) was selected as tritium breeding material, and its packed bed was enclosed by the beryllium blocks, and was kept at certain temperature during fusion neutron irradiation. During irradiation, the packed bed was purged with the sweep gas continuously, and tritium released was trapped in each gas absorber selectively by chemical form. In this work, the effect of sweep gas species on tritium release behavior was investigated. In the case of sweep by helium with 1% of hydrogen, tritium in water form was released sensitively corresponding to the irradiation. This is due to existence of the water vapor in the sweep gas. On the other hand, in the case of sweep by helium without water vapor, tritium in gaseous form was released first, and release of tritium in water form was delayed from gaseous tritium and was gradually increased. 相似文献
42.
Mikio Enoeda Hisashi Tanigawa Takanori Hirose Satoshi Suzuki Kentaro Ochiai Chikara Konno Yoshinori Kawamura Toshihiko Yamanishi Tsuyoshi Hoshino Masaru Nakamichi Hiroyasu Tanigawa Koichiro Ezato Yohji Seki Akira Yoshikawa Daigo Tsuru Masato Akiba 《Fusion Engineering and Design》2012,87(7-8):1363-1369
The development of a Water Cooled Ceramic Breeder (WCCB) Test Blanket Module (TBM) is being performed as one of the most important steps toward DEMO blanket in Japan. For the TBM testing and evaluation toward DEMO blanket, the module fabrication technology development by a candidate structural material, reduced activation martensitic/ferritic steel, F82H, is one of the most critical items from the viewpoint of realization of TBM testing in ITER. In Japan, fabrication of a real scale first wall, side walls, a breeder pebble bed box and assembling of the first wall and side walls have succeeded. Recently, the real scale partial mockup of the back wall was fabricated. The fabrication procedure of the back wall, whose thickness is up to 90 mm, was confirmed toward the fabrication of the real scale back wall by F82H. Important key technologies are almost clarified for the fabrication of the real scale TBM module mockup. From the view point of testing and evaluation, development of the technology of the blanket tritium recovery, development of advanced breeder and multiplier pebbles and the development of the blanket neutronics measurement technology are also performed. Also, tritium production and recovery test using D-T neutron in the Fusion Neutronics Source (FNS) facility has been started as the verification test of tritium production performance. This paper overviews the recent achievements of the development of the WCCB TBM in Japan. 相似文献
43.
Kaveh Edalati Junko Matsuda Hideaki Iwaoka Shoichi Toh Etsuo Akiba Zenji Horita 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2013
TiFe is a potential candidate for the stationary hydrogen storage systems, but it requires initial activation to absorb hydrogen. This study shows that TiFe processed by high-pressure torsion (HPT) absorbs and desorbs 1.7 wt.% hydrogen at room temperature without activation. The absorption pressure decreases from 2 MPa in the first hydrogenation cycle to 0.7 MPa in the latter cycles. The HPT-processed TiFe exhibits heterogeneous microstructures composed of nanograins, coarse-grains, amorphous-like phases and disordered phases with a high hardness of ∼1050 Hv. 相似文献
44.
Huaiyu Shao Junko Matsuda Hai-Wen Li Etsuo Akiba Ankur Jain Takayuki Ichikawa Yoshitsugu Kojima 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2013
Ball milled Mg–Co alloys with body-centered cubic structure (BCC) may absorb hydrogen at 258 K with a hydrogen capacity around 3 mass%. The phase and morphology evolution process of Mg50Co50 alloys ball milled for 0.5 h–400 h was studied by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope. The formation mechanism of the Mg50Co50 alloys was clarified. Mg50Co50 alloys ball milled for various durations were found to present different hydrogen storage properties which could result from the phase and morphology difference in these samples. 相似文献
45.
Kishida N Miyata R Furuta A Izumiyama S Tsuneda S Sekiguchi Y Noda N Akiba M 《Water research》2012,46(1):187-194
46.
47.
Kaveh Edalati Junko Matsuda Akira Yanagida Etsuo Akiba Zenji Horita 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2014
Intermetallics of TiFe were processed using three different routes: annealing, plastic deformation using groove rolling and severe plastic deformation using high-pressure torsion (HPT). Hydrogen absorption was less than 0.2 wt.% in the coarse-grained annealed sample because of difficult activation. The groove-rolled sample, with subgrain structure and high density of dislocations and cracks, absorbed 0.3, 1.0, 1.4 and 1.7 wt.% of hydrogen in the first, second, third and fourth hydrogenation cycles, respectively. The HPT-processed sample, containing nanograins, absorbed 1.7–2 wt.% of hydrogen in any hydrogenation cycles. Both samples activated by groove rolling and HPT were not deactivated by long time exposure to the air. No surface segregation was detected after groove rolling, while the HPT-processed sample exhibited surface segregation. The current study confirmed the significance of plastic deformation and formation of grain boundaries and cracks on activation for hydrogen storage. 相似文献
48.
49.
We have proposed new hydrogen absorbing alloys of the ‘Laves phase related BCC solid solution alloy’, the hydrogen capacity
of which reaches almost double that of conventional rare-earth based AB5 alloys. We have reported the hydrogen absorbing properties of Ti−V−Mn, Ti−V−Cr and T−V−Mn−Cr alloys. It has been accepted
that the crystal structural change of BCC hydrogen absorbing alloys is the same as that of V metal. The mono-hydride (H/M=1)
of V metal has a BCT structure and the di-hydride (H/M=2) has an FCC structure. However, we recently found that the Ti−V−Mn
alloy shows different behaviors in phase transformation with hydrogenation to V metal. We found three hydride phases with
a BCC, a deformed FCC and an FCC structure in the Ti−V−Mn solid solution alloy-H2 system. The deformed FCC hydride phase has not yet to our knowledge been reported. The lattice constant of the deformed FCC
was 0.407 nm, one axis of which is reduced by about 4%. Its single-phase region appeared at a hydrogen content between 0.8
H/M and 1.0 H/M in absorption at 298 K. The lower plateau observed due to formation of the deformed FCC hydride phase gives
an increase of effective hydrogen capacity by decreasing hydrogen remaining in the alloy in the desorption process.
This article based on a presentation made in the symposium “The 2nd KIM-JIM Joint Symposium: Hydrogen Absorbing Materials”,
held at Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea, October 27–28, 2000 under the auspices of The Korean Institute of Metals and Materials
and The Japan Institute of Metals. 相似文献
50.
Xiangfeng Liu Kohta Asano Naoyoshi Terashita Etsuo Akiba 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2009
The CaLi2 alloy which was prepared by the induction melting method has been successfully hydrogenated. The CaLi2 alloy synthesized had a hexagonal C14-type Laves phase structure and absorbed 6.8–7.1 mass% hydrogen under the temperature range from 273 K to 393 K. The hydrogenated CaLi2 which consisted of CaH2 and LiH hydride phases did not desorb hydrogen under 10 kPa-H2 at the same temperatures. The hydrogen absorption kinetics measured under 3.1 MPa-H2 at room temperature showed that the hydrogen content reached to 6 mass% in 10 s. No obvious hydrogen desorption from the hydrogenated CaLi2 was observed even after evacuation for 20 h at 623 K. 相似文献