Reliable Session Initiation Protocol (RSIP) signaling with UDP transport using piggybacking method

Session Initiation Protocol is an IP based application level signaling protocol. SIP is used for locating end users, establishing, modifying and closing multimedia sessions between end users. SIP prefers UDP as transport protocol. Since UDP is not reliable, SIP enables reliability of requests through retransmissions. These retransmissions may result in unnecessary load on the network. This research work proposes a technique to achieve reliability for SIP signaling between servers, with UDP transport, using piggybacking method. The reliability for the SIP signaling is enabled hop-by-hop without disturbing the existing core SIP functionality. We proposed an algorithm for handling SIP request/response message drops. We analyzed the reduction in SIP request retransmissions during message drops. We analyzed and validated the reduction in retransmissions during demand burst condition and with varying round trip times due to server slowdown scenarios. With the proposed system, server recovery time has been reduced by 32.73% during demand burst scenario. With the proposed method, retransmissions have been avoided by 50%.     

Permutation entropy based real-time chatter detection using audio signal in turning process

Machine tool chatter is an unfavorable phenomenon during metal cutting, which results in heavy vibration of cutting tool. With increase in depth of cut, the cutting regime changes from chatter-free cutting to one with chatter. In this paper, we propose the use of permutation entropy (PE), a conceptually simple and computationally fast measurement to detect the onset of chatter from the time series using sound signal recorded with a unidirectional microphone. PE can efficiently distinguish the regular and complex nature of any signal and extract information about the dynamics of the process by indicating sudden change in its value. Under situations where the data sets are huge and there is no time for preprocessing and fine-tuning, PE can effectively detect dynamical changes of the system. This makes PE an ideal choice for online detection of chatter, which is not possible with other conventional nonlinear methods. In the present study, the variation of PE under two cutting conditions is analyzed. Abrupt variation in the value of PE with increase in depth of cut indicates the onset of chatter vibrations. The results are verified using frequency spectra of the signals and the nonlinear measure, normalized coarse-grained information rate (NCIR).     

A pursuit of the functional nutritional and bioactive properties of canola proteins and peptides

This review focuses on updated information about canola proteins and peptides, their functional, nutritional, and bioactive properties, safety aspects, and potential application in foods. Attention is paid to gelation, emulsion, thermal, and water holding capacities of crude and pure proteins and peptides isolated from canola meal. Various factors affecting these properties are discussed. This paper provides an overview of use of canola meal as a protein source in animal diets and their digestibility in vivo. Their effects on a range of health outcomes including ACE inhibition, hypocholesterolemic effects, cancer prevention, anti-viral and anti-diabetic properties are reviewed on the basis of the available in vitro and in vivo animal and human data. The review also focuses on the safety aspects and selected food applications of canola proteins and peptides.     

Optimal design and implementation of compact fractional order microwave integrator

The implementation of novel, stable, accurate, and wideband infinite impulse response fractional order microwave integrators (FOMIs) is presented. The formulation of FOMIs is employed with equal length line elements in cascading. The optimum values of characteristic impedances of the line elements are determined by approximation to the ideal fractional order integrator (FOI). The hybrid algorithm (HPSO‐GSA) combining particle swarm optimization (PSO) and gravitational search algorithm (GSA) which integrates PSO's exploitation and GSA's exploration ability is used. The comparison of HPSO‐GSA with PSO and GSA is carried out for the proposed FOMIs. The performance criteria used are magnitude response, absolute magnitude error, phase response, pole‐zero response, percentage improvement graph, and convergence rate. The simulation analysis affirms the superiority of proposed FOMI using HPSO‐GSA. The absolute magnitude error of proposed 0.5 order HPSO‐GSA‐based FOMI is as low as 0.9436. The structure of the designed FOI is implemented with microstrip configuration on RT/Duroid substrate with permittivity 2.2 and thickness 0.762 mm that is eligible for wideband microwave integrator. The designed FOMI is compact in size and suitable to cover microwave applications. The measured results are established in fine agreement with simulation results in the frequency range of 2‐9 GHz in MATLAB and Advanced Design Software environment.     

Improved segmentation and change detection of multi-spectral satellite imagery using graph cut based clustering and multiclass SVM

Multimedia Tools and Applications - The Satellite image analysis automatically looks over an image to attain valuable information such as land cover classification and change detection from it....     

Identifying the underlying structure of demand during promotions: A structural equation modelling approach

It is widely recognized that promotions enhance product sales. Other factors such as seasonality, special days, customer preferences and economic factors may also have an impact on demand. Yet, endeavours to model the dependency of demand on various factors are scarce. We develop a conceptual demand-factor model to represent the dependency of demand on these factors. We examine and validate the conceptual model through structural equation modelling, using sales data of a leading soft drink company involved in supply chain collaboration with downstream retailers. We find that promotional and seasonal factors have a large and direct impact on sales, while special days like festivals and bank holidays have limited influence. Our approach is versatile and can assist demand planners in understanding the demand during promotional events, and in the planning and execution of promotional deals.