An experimental study of non-Newtonian properties of water under electroexplosive loading

Non-Newtonian properties of water in the shock-wave (electroexplosive) experiment are studied. Powerlike dependences of the deformation rate depending on the stress amplitude at the wave front and the spall strength depending on the strain rate during unloading are obtained.     

<Superscript>137</Superscript>Cs content and vertical migration in littoral soil of two lakes in Bryansk Oblast

The dynamics and present state of the radioactive contamination with ¹³⁷Cs of littoral soil of Lake Kozhanovskoe and Lake Svyatoe on the Besed’ River are presented. The parameters of the vertical migration of ¹³⁷Cs in soil-the rate of directional transfer with soil moisture, the diffusion coefficient, and the average velocity of vertical migration-are estimated by comparing the experimental and model distributions of ¹³⁷Cs content over soil depth. It is shown that at the present time the two 5-cm layer of soil can contain 20–90% ¹³⁷Cs depending on the type of soil and landscape. The average values of the diffusion coefficient, the rate of directional transfer, and the vertical migration velocity for 12-, 13-, and 20-year periods after the Chernobyl accident are 0.1–2.8 cm²/yr, 0.1–0.3 cm/yr, and 0.1–0.8 cm/yr, respectively. __________ Translated from Atomnaya énergiya, Vol. 102, No. 5, pp. 306–311, May, 2007.     

Semisynthetic flavocytochromes based on cytochrome P450 2B4: reductase and oxygenase activities

Endurance exercise training induces a rapid increase in the GLUT-4 isoform of the glucose transporter in muscle. In fasted rats, insulin-stimulated muscle glucose transport is increased in proportion to the increase in GLUT-4. There is evidence that high muscle glycogen may decrease insulin-stimulated glucose transport. This study was undertaken to determine whether glycogen supercompensation interferes with the increase in glucose transport associated with an exercise-induced increase in GLUT-4. Rats were trained by means of swimming for 6 h/day for 2 days. Rats fasted overnight after the last exercise bout had an approximately twofold increase in epitrochlearis muscle GLUT-4 and an associated approximately twofold increase in maximally insulin-stimulated glucose transport activity. Epitrochlearis muscles of rats fed rodent chow after exercise were glycogen supercompensated (86.4 +/- 4.8 micromol/g wet wt) and showed no significant increase in maximally insulin-stimulated glucose transport above the sedentary control value despite an approximately twofold increase in GLUT-4. Fasting resulted in higher basal muscle glucose transport rates in both sedentary and trained rats but did not significantly increase maximally insulin-stimulated transport in the sedentary group. We conclude that carbohydrate feeding that results in muscle glycogen supercompensation prevents the increase in maximally insulin-stimulated glucose transport associated with an exercise training-induced increase in muscle GLUT-4.     

The use of a countercurrent jet mill in the production of insulating ceramics

The possibility of using a countercurrent jet mill in preparing molding powder to make insulating ceramics is considered. The process scheme is described and technical specifications of products are given. The auditors draw the conclusion that the stages of diluting clay in water and its milling, homogenization, and drying can be replaced by the stage of fine milling using a countercurrent jet mill. __________ Translated from Steklo i Keramika, No. 8, pp. 29–31, August, 2006.     

Normalizing of Vibrations in Fiberoptics Drawing Plants

The effect of vibrations of drawing plants on a deviation in the diameter of the fiber drawn is estimated. An elastic filament is accepted as a calculation model. The boundary conditions include kinematic disturbance caused by vibrations of the drawing mechanism.