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51.
Scientometrics - Open Access (OA) initiatives and knowledge infrastructure represent vital elements for both producing significant changes in scholarly communication and reducing limitations of... 相似文献
52.
Kantak Kathleen M.; Goodrich Claudia M.; Uribe Valeria 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2007,15(1):37
The influence of sex, phase of the estrous cycle, and age of drug onset on cocaine self-administration was examined. Adult male, adult female, and adolescent male rats (Rattus norvegicus) were evaluated using low fixed-ratio (FR) schedules of drug delivery with a single fixed cocaine unit dose or a range of cocaine unit doses with a single FR schedule. Sex differences in adults were observed for mg/kg consumption of the 3.0-mg/kg unit dose, with consumption being significantly less in estrus females than in males. Over the estrous cycle, mg/kg consumption of this unit dose was significantly less during estrus than during metestrus-diestrus. Differences due to age of drug onset were also observed, with mg/kg consumption of the 3.0-mg/kg unit dose being significantly less in adolescent males than adult males or adult females during metestrus-diestrus. In contrast, these various groups did not have significantly different mg/kg intakes of cocaine unit doses 相似文献
53.
Ilaria Adamo Valeria Diella Alessandro Pavese Pietro Vignola Fernando Francescon 《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2013,33(15-16):3387-3395
The system Na-feldspar (F) and kaolinite (K) was investigated at temperatures of interest in ceramic applications (1200–1280 °C) to study the effects of F/K ratios by weight and crystallinity degree of kaolinite on the final product, micro-structural features and mullite-glass Gibbs energy of formation (ΔGeff). Mullite and glass are the dominant phases; in general, the higher the temperature, the larger the former. An F/K increase promotes the formation of glass and secondary mullite, appearing along with the primary one. ΔGeff was modelled by α(T) × (F/K)2 + β(T) × F/K + γ(T), α, β and γ being linear functions of temperature whose coefficients were determined by fitting the ΔGeff-theoretical to the ΔGeff-obtained from the measured phase compositions. ΔGeff is less affected by temperature than by F/K, whose increase shifts equilibrium towards glass phases. The ΔGeff-curves for ordered and disordered kaolinite intersect one another at F/K ~0.5, a ratio close to that used in industrial practice. 相似文献
54.
The drying curves of halved and deseeded apricots obtained during convective drying at different temperatures (from 50 to 90°C) have been examined, and a diffusional model, solved by a finite elements method, has been proposed to simulate the drying kinetics. The importance of taking into account both the internal and the external resistances to mass transfer when modeling the drying curves is discussed. Due to the geometry of halved apricots as a hemisphere losing water only through the flat section, the mass transfer coefficient (kc) was not correctly estimated through an empirical correlation. Only the identification of this coefficient from the experimental results allowed an accurate simulation, decreasing the mean relative error from 12.3±3.8% when kc was calculated through the Pasternak and Gauvin correlation to 2.9±1.0% when kc was identified. 相似文献
55.
Ian W Hamley Valeria Castelletto Nágila MPS Ricardo Maria EN Pinho Colin Booth David Attwood Zhuo Yang 《Polymer International》2007,56(1):88-92
Small‐angle X‐ray scattering was used to characterise aqueous micellar gels of triblock copolymers E137S18E137, E82S9E82, E76S5E76, E62P39E62, and of two mixtures: E137S18E137 and E62P39E62 (Mix 1) and E82S9E82 and E62P39E62 (Mix 2), each 50/50 wt%. E = oxyethylene, CH2CH2O; S = oxyphenylethylene, OCH2CH(C6H5); and P = oxypropylene, OCH2CH(CH3). Within the concentration and temperature ranges investigated (30–40 wt% copolymer, 20–80 °C), spherical micelles of copolymers E137S18E137, E82S9E82 and E62P39E62 packed into body‐centred cubic (BCC) structures. Gels of E76S5E76 were stable only at high concentrations and low temperatures, and a 70 wt% copolymer solution at T = 30 °C formed a hexagonal gel consistent with cylindrical micelles. It is likely that the mixed copolymers would form two distributions of micelles, and more complex structures were expected. However, gels of Mix 2 had well‐ordered BCC structures, while the less ordered gels of Mix 1 were also best characterised as BCC. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
56.
Giovanni Bolelli Johannes Rauch Valeria Cannillo Andreas Killinger Luca Lusvarghi Rainer Gadow 《Materials Letters》2008,62(17-18):2772-2775
High-Velocity Suspension Flame Spraying (HVSFS) has recently emerged as a potential alternative to conventional HVOF-spraying: employing liquid suspensions instead of dry powder feedstock enables the use of very fine grain-sized particles, resulting in small-sized lamellae. Thin, low-porosity coatings can thus be manufactured. This paper details the first attempt at manufacturing glass coatings using the HVSFS technique: these coatings can have multiple applications (anti-corrosion coatings on metal and ceramic substrates, bio-compatible coatings, etc). A CaO–ZrO2–SiO2 glass frit was selected for this attempt. Excellent potentialities emerged (very low porosity), but some problems still existed (big “droplet-like” features on the coating surface), which have recently been largely overcome thanks to process modifications. 相似文献
57.
Lorena?del?Rosario Cappellari Maricel?Valeria?Santoro Herminda?Reinoso Claudia?Travaglia Walter?Giordano Erika?BanchioEmail author 《Journal of chemical ecology》2015,41(2):149-158
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) generally exert their effects through enhancement of plant nutrient status and/or phytohormone production. The effects of PGPR on aromatic plant species are poorly known. We measured plant growth parameters, chlorophyll content, trichome density, stomatal density, and levels of secondary metabolites in peppermint (Mentha piperita) seedlings inoculated with PGPR strains Bacillus subtilis GB03, Pseudomonas fluorescens WCS417r, P. putida SJ04, or a combination of WCS417r?+?SJ04. The treated plants, in comparison with controls, showed increases in shoot biomass, root biomass, leaf area, node number, trichome density, and stomatal density, and marked qualitative and quantitative changes in monoterpene content. Improved knowledge of the factors that control or affect biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and monoterpene accumulation will lead to strategies for improved cultivation and productivity of aromatic plants and other agricultural crops without the use of chemical fertilizers or pesticides. 相似文献
58.
Thioether Analogues of Disulfide‐Bridged Cyclic Peptides Targeting Death Receptor 5: Conformational Analysis,Dimerisation and Consequences for Receptor Activation
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Dr. Karolina Pulka‐Ziach Dr. Valeria Pavet Neila Chekkat Dr. Karine Estieu‐Gionnet Roman Rohac Dr. Marie‐Charlotte Lechner Dr. Cristian R. Smulski Dr. Gabrielle Zeder‐Lutz Dr. Danièle Altschuh Dr. Hinrich Gronemeyer Prof. Dr. Sylvie Fournel Dr. Benoit Odaert Dr. Gilles Guichard 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2015,16(2):293-301
Cyclic peptides containing redox‐stable thioether bridges might provide a useful alternative to disulfide‐bridged bioactive peptides. We report the effect of replacing the disulfide bridge with a lanthionine linkage in a 16‐mer cyclic peptide that binds to death receptor 5 (DR5, TRAIL‐R2). Upon covalent oligomerisation, the disulfide‐bridged peptide has previously shown similar behaviour to that of TNF‐related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL), by selectively triggering the DR5 cell death pathway. The structural and biological properties of the DR5‐binding peptide and its desulfurised analogue were compared. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) data suggest that these peptides bind DR5 with comparable affinities. The same holds true for dimeric versions of these peptides: the thioether is able to induce DR5‐mediated apoptosis of BJAB lymphoma and tumorigenic BJELR cells, albeit to a slightly lower extent compared to its disulfide homologue. NMR analysis revealed subtle variation in the conformations of the two peptides and suggests that the thioether peptide is slightly less folded than its disulfide homologue. These observations could account for the different capability of the two dimers to cluster DR5 receptors on the cell surface and to trigger apoptosis. Nevertheless, our results suggest that the thioether peptide is a potential candidate for evaluation in animal models. 相似文献
59.
Cesira Pasquarella Licia Veronesi Giorgio Liguori Christian Napoli Ida Torre Valeria Di Onofrio Carola Tinteri SItI working group "Hygiene in Dentistry 《The Science of the total environment》2010,408(19):4045-4051
The dental practice is associated with a high risk of infections, both for patients and healthcare operators, and the environment may play an important role in the transmission of infectious diseases. A microbiological environmental investigation was carried out in six dental clinics as a pilot study for a larger multicentre study that will be performed by the Italian SItI (Society of Hygiene, Preventive Medicine and Public Health) working group "Hygiene in Dentistry". Microbial contamination of water, air and surfaces was assessed in each clinic during the five working days of the week, before and during treatments. Air and surfaces were also examined at the end of the daily activity. A wide variation was found in microbial environmental contamination, both within the participating clinics and relative to the different sampling times. Microbial water contamination in Dental Unit Water Systems (DUWS) reached values of up to 26 × 104 cfu/mL (colony forming units per millilitre). P. aeruginosa was found in 33% of the sampled DUWS and Legionella spp. in 50%. A significant decrease in the Total Viable Count (TVC) was recorded during the activity. Microbial air contamination showed the highest levels during dental treatments and tended to decrease at the end of the working activity (p < 0.05). Microbial buildup on surfaces increased significantly during the working hours. As these findings point out, research on microbial environmental contamination and the related risk factors in dental clinics should be expanded and should also be based on larger collections of data, in order to provide the essential knowledge aimed at targeted preventive interventions. 相似文献
60.
Valeria A Tironi Mabel C Tomás María C Añón 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2007,87(12):2239-2246
Sea salmon is a very appreciated seafood. The aim of this work was to analyze changes in lipid and protein fractions of minced muscle during chilled storage (1 ± 1 °C). Lipid oxidation was important during the first 6 days of storage according to 2‐thiobarbituric acid (TBA) values determined, decreasing mainly ω3 22:6 fatty acid content. Lipid hydrolysis was evident after 9 days of storage. Interaction compounds between oxidation products and other cellular components were analyzed by fluorescence measurements. The results obtained showed evidence of the formation of interaction products involved, mainly polar components such as proteins. Decreases in myosin and actin thermal stability and myosin denaturation were recorded by differential scanning calorimetry. Solubility of total and myofibrillar proteins decreased after 6 days of storage. The electrophoretic profile of soluble fractions showed an increase in the intensity of bands corresponding to low‐molecular‐weight polypeptides and a decrease in high‐molecular‐weight species. Available lysine content did not change during chilled storage. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献