Crystallization and agglomeration kinetics of nickel ammonium sulphate in an MSMPR crystallizer

Precipitation of nickel ammonium sulphate achieved by mixing solutions of nickel sulphate and ammonium sulphate in a 5 1 MSMPR crystallizer is used to investigate both crystallization and agglomeration kinetics from the steady-state crystal size distribution. An iterative non-linear parameter estimation procedure is used to deduce the kinetic rate parameters in the solution of the agglomeration model suggested by Liao and Hulburt from the data-set obtained by size analysis of the product crystals. The results obtained are correlated in terms of conventional power law kinetic expressions.     

DRYING OF GRANULAR PARTICLES IN A MULTISTAGE INCLINED FLUIDIZED BED WITH MECHANICAL VIBRATION

A mathematical model for the drying rate of granular particles in a multistage inclined fluidized bed(IFB) is presented from the standpoint of simultaneous heat and mass transfer, with taking the effect of mechanical vibration added vertically into consideration.

Steady-state distributions for the temperatures and concentrations of the particles and the heating gas, and for the moisture content of the particles are numerically calculated based on the present model. The calculated results show fairly good agreement with the experimental data, which were obtained from the drying experiments of brick particles in a three-stage IFB using comparatively low temperature air(40-60°C) as the heating gas.

It has been found within the range of the experimental conditions employed that, the mechanical vibration added vertically enhances the over-all drying rate of the particles and its effect can be considered equivalent to an increase in the air velocity.     

CAFTURE AND RECYCLE OF BYPASSING BUBBLE GAS IN A FLUIDIZED BED: THE “BUBBLE EATER”

The bubble eater is a device which can sense, capture, and recycle bubble gas in a bubbling fluidized bed. The theory describing the enhancement of reactant gas conversion are presented and illustrated by means of a numerical example.     

Further studies on elastic-plastic stable fracture utilizing the T integral

Herein, the T^* fracture parameter is shown to have relevance to the mechanics of elastic-plastic fracture. Specifically, it is shown to have certain advantages over the currently established plastic fracture parameters such as J and CTOA. Finite element analyses of experimental data were carried out as a means to obtain a comparison of the effectiveness of the plastic fracture parameters. T^* is clearly superior. A note on problems associated with satisfying the plastic incompressibility constraint is also included.     

Numerical solution of the inverse problem of heat conduction by using regularized difference schemes

The stability of difference schemes is investigated for the approximate solution of a multidimensional incorrect heat-conduction problem with inverse time.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 49, No. 6, pp. 963–965, December, 1985.     

Purification of the human anionic polypeptide fraction of the apo-bile lipoprotein complex by zonal ultracentrifugation

The two main proteic constituents of the human Apo-bile lipoprotein complex (BLC), i.e., the anionic polypeptide fraction (APF) and the IgA fragments, were separated by preparative zonal ultracentrifugation using a sucrose gradient containing 1.5 mM glycodesoxycholate. The purification of the APF was verified by sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunology, and its amino acid composition then was determined. This procedure was used to obtain a polyclonal antiserum directed solely against the APF.     

Phase interaction in composite materials Zr-Mo,W

Conclusions Composite materials based on the thermodynamically unstable systems Zr-Mo and Zr-W have satisfactory kinetic stability of the structure up to 1373°K. At higher temperatures there occurs intense interaction between fibers and matrix entailingthe formation of solid solutions and intermetallic phases. The course of the diffusion processes in the investigated CM is determined by the history of their components, and this makes it possible to a certain extent to control these processes by corresponding preliminary thermomechanical treatment of the components.Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, No. 12(300), pp. 40–44, December, 1987.     

Fuzzy financial decision-making: load management programs case study

This paper derives two fuzzy financial profitability models, namely, a least cost solution model and a cost-benefit analysis model, to evaluate the fuzzy financial profitability of load management alternatives. A straightforward vertex parameters' fuzzy mathematics operation using the function principle is derived as an alternative to the traditional extension principle and is applied to evaluate a number of different financial decision indexes. Compared to the extension principle, the function principle is simple to implement and is conceptually straightforward. The geometric moments of the fuzzy financial indexes are established in order to determine their relative ranking as part of a decision-making process. The performances of the proposed fuzzy financial models are verified by considering their application to two practical load management programs in Taiwan, namely, a cooling energy storage air conditioner and a cogeneration project. These investigations not only confirm that the results of the fuzzy financial models are consistent with those of the conventional crisp models but also demonstrate that the proposed models are more flexible, intelligent, and computationally efficient compared to the extension principle fuzzy mathematics approach. The developed models represent readily implemented possibility analysis tools for use in the arena of uncertain financial decision-making.     

Response to Zenz and Altiner

Ordered mixes were produced using a fructose-based excipient as a coarse carrier component and fine-particle pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B₆) as the adherent component. Prior to mixing, the fructose agglomerates were conditioned for 48 h at either 0% RH or 55% RH at 20 °C. Under these conditions, one lot of fructose had a moisture content of 0.24 wt.% and the other lot had a moisture content of 0.74 wt.%. Following mixing, the powders were subjected to vibration at various frequencies in the range 25 to 200 Hz and accelerations in the range 9.81 to 39.24 m/s². It was found that whilst ordered mixes produced using fructose at 0.24 wt.% moisture content were unstable, those produced using 0.74 wt.% moisture content fructose were extremely stable and segregation resistant.The formation of ordered units with increased adhesion in carriers with higher moisture content suggested that these ordered mixes could be considered as spontaneous granulations.