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991.
We have studied the short term C mineralization of six wastes from important food industries, one sludge from a biogas plant and three composts. All the wastes were characterized chemically and fractionated according to the Van Soest method. The fresh wastes were incubated under controlled environment conditions to determine the C mineralization rate. Based on first order mineralization kinetics, we calculated the hypothetical amount of stable C in the wastes as the amount of C that would not be mineralized within one year under field conditions. The percentage of stable organic C in the organic matter was in general much larger in the composts than in the other wastes, but when expressed on dry matter, the non-composted wastes had comparable or larger amounts of stable organic C than the composts and have a considerable potential for supplying organic matter to soils, and hence for C sequestration. The amount of stable organic C could best be predicted by the total N content of the wastes (R
a
2 = 0.855), whereas the results of the fractionation had very little predictive power, probably due to problems related to the high ash content of some of the wastes. An index that combined stable organic C and N and P content in the wastes was calculated to assess possible limitations for applying these wastes in agriculture. Under current nutrient legislation in Western Europe, a number of these wastes will only be usable in small amounts, but these and other food industry wastes could still prove to be valuable soil amendments in nutrient poor situations, for increasing soil organic C content and supplying nutrients. 相似文献
992.
Marzia Ognibene Patrizia De Marco Stefano Parodi Mariaclaudia Meli Andrea Di Cataldo Federico Zara Annalisa Pezzolo 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(12)
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a tumor of the developing sympathetic nervous system. Despite recent advances in understanding the complexity of NB, the mechanisms that determine its regression or progression are still largely unknown. Stage 4S NB is characterized by a favorable course of disease and often by spontaneous regression, while progression to true stage 4 is a very rare event. Here, we focused on genomic analysis of an NB case that progressed from stage 4S to stage 4 with a very poor outcome. Array-comparative genomic hybridization (a-CGH) on tumor-tissue DNA, and whole-exome sequencing (WES) on exosomes DNA derived from plasma collected at the onset and at the tumor progression, pointed out relevant genetic changes that can explain this clinical worsening. The combination of a-CGH and WES data allowed for the identification iof somatic copy number aberrations and single-nucleotide variants in genes known to be responsible for aggressive NB. KLRB1, MAPK3 and FANCA genes, which were lost at the time of progression, were studied for their possible role in this event by analyzing in silico the impact of their expression on the outcome of 786 NB patients. 相似文献
993.
Ileana Ielo Giovanna Calabrese Giovanna De Luca Sabrina Conoci 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(17)
Bone tissue is a nanocomposite consisting of an organic and inorganic matrix, in which the collagen component and the mineral phase are organized into complex and porous structures. Hydroxyapatite (HA) is the most used ceramic biomaterial since it mimics the mineral composition of the bone in vertebrates. However, this biomimetic material has poor mechanical properties, such as low tensile and compressive strength, which make it not suitable for bone tissue engineering (BTE). For this reason, HA is often used in combination with different polymers and crosslinkers in the form of composites to improve their mechanical properties and the overall performance of the implantable biomaterials developed for orthopedic applications. This review summarizes recent advances in HA-based biocomposites for bone regeneration, addressing the most widely employed inorganic matrices, the natural and synthetic polymers used as reinforcing components, and the crosslinkers added to improve the mechanical properties of the scaffolds. Besides presenting the main physical and chemical methods in tissue engineering applications, this survey shows that HA biocomposites are generally biocompatible, as per most in vitro and in vivo studies involving animal models and that the results of clinical studies on humans sometimes remain controversial. We believe this review will be helpful as introductory information for scientists studying HA materials in the biomedical field. 相似文献
994.
Kittisak Jantanasakulwong Sarinthip Thanakkasaranee Phisit Seesuriyachan Pisith Singjai Aphisit Saenjaiban Siriphan Photphroet Kanticha Pratinthong Yuthana Phimolsiripol Noppol Leksawasdi Thanongsak Chaiyaso Sarana Rose Sommano Pensak Jantrawut Siriwadee Chomdej Suwit Chotinan Francisco J. Barba Joe M. Regenstein Alissara Reungsang Pornchai Rachtanapun 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(18)
The nano-metal-treated PET films with anti-virus and anti-fogging ability were developed using sparking nano-metal particles of Ag, Zn, and Ti wires on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films. Ag nanoparticles were detected on the PET surface, while a continuous aggregate morphology was observed with Zn and Ti sparking. The color of the Ag-PET films changed to brown with increasing repeat sparking times, but not with the Zn-PET and Ti-PET films. The water contact angle of the nano-metal-treated PET films decreased with increasing repeat sparking times. The RT-PCR anti-virus test confirmed the high anti-virus efficiency of the nano-metal-treated PET films due to the fine particle distribution, high polarity, and binding of the nano-metal ions to the coronavirus, which was destroyed by heat after UV irradiation. A highly transparent, anti-fogging, and anti-virus face shield was prepared using the Zn-PET film. Sparking was an effective technique to prepare the alternative anti-virus and anti-fogging films for medical biomaterial applications because of their low cost, convenience, and fast processing. 相似文献
995.
Sabrina Vari Federica Riva Concetta Elisa Onesti Antonella Cosimati Davide Renna Roberto Biagini Jacopo Baldi Carmine Zoccali Vincenzo Anelli Alessio Annovazzi Renato Covello Andrea Ascione Beatrice Casini Virginia Ferraresi 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(18)
Giant cell tumour of bone (GCTB) is a benign, locally aggressive primary bone neoplasm that represents 5% of all bone tumours. The principal treatment approach is surgery. Although generally GCTB is considered only a locally aggressive disease, it can metastasise, and lung metastases occur in 1–9% of patients. To date, only the use of denosumab has been approved as medical treatment for GCTB. Even more rarely, GCTB undergoes sarcomatous transformation into a malignant tumour (4% of all GCTB), but history of this malignant transformation is unclear and unpredictable. Considering the rarity of the event, the data in the literature are few. In this review, we summarise published data of GCTB malignant transformation and we analyse three cases of malignant transformation of GCTB, evaluating histopathology, genetics, and radiological aspects. Despite the rarity of this event, we conclude that a strict follow up is recommended to detect early malignant transformation. 相似文献
996.
Liang Xu Lei Su Hongjie Wang Min Niu Lei Zhuang Kang Peng Xingyu Fan Hongfei Gao De Lu 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2022,105(8):5490-5500
Pursuing novel thermal barrier–coating materials with lower thermal conductivity and high-temperature stability can simultaneously improve the working efficiency and service temperature of a gas turbine. In this study, a series of high-entropy RE2(Y0.2Yb0.2Nb0.2Ta0.2Ce0.2)2O7 (RE = La, Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy, and Er) oxides were prepared though solid-state reaction. Through tuning the rare-earth cations, an order–disorder transition occurs from certain partially ordered weberite structure (C2221) to disordered defective fluorite structure (Fm m). All the high-entropy RE2(Y0.2Yb0.2Nb0.2Ta0.2Ce0.2)2O7 oxides possess low thermal conductivity in the range of 0.91–1.34 W m−1 K−1 at room temperature, which can be attributed to increased lattice anharmonicity and disorder, resulting in additional phonon scattering. Herein, we proved that the incorporation of heterovalent cations at B-sites in high-entropy A2B2O7 crystals is an effective strategy to reduce the thermal conductivity without compromising the decrease of oxygen vacancy. Moreover, the high-entropy RE2(Y0.2Yb0.2Nb0.2Ta0.2Ce0.2)2O7 oxides show the relatively higher thermal expansion coefficients of 10.3–10.7 × 10−6°C−1 and excellent phase stability at elevated temperatures. 相似文献
997.
Isomerization is used in refining industry to upgrade gasoline. Since it is an important process, it is desirable to analyze the reactions that take place in the process. In this paper, the isomerization of a mixture of hydrocarbons was modeled by solving the chemical equilibrium of the system. A direct application of the chemical equilibrium solution cannot reproduce experimental results. However, when some of the system reactions are molar extent limited, the solution can reproduce published experimental data. 相似文献
998.
999.
Os-catalyzed dihydroxylation will find more widespread application if truly heterogeneous catalysts are available which use O2 or H2O2 as terminal oxidants. This paper discusses and critically evaluates the concepts by which Os can be anchored on solid supports. New methods are also available for reoxidation of hexavalent to octavalent Os. 相似文献
1000.