Synthesis of the hole-transporting molecular glasses possessing pendant 3,6-dibromocarbazolyl moieties

Synthesis and properties of the well-defined 3,6-dibromocarbazolyl-containing molecular glasses are reported. They were prepared by the nucleophilic opening of the oxirane ring of 1,3-di(3,6-dibromocarbazol-9-yl)-2-propanol glycidyl ether with aniline, 4-fluoro-, 4-bromoanilines, 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole or glycidyl ether of 1,3-di(carbazol-9-yl)-2-propanol with 4,4′-thiobisbenzenethiol and 1,9-nonanedithiol followed by bromination. The obtained materials were examined by various techniques including differential scanning calorimetry, NMR, MS, UV, PL spectrometry. The electrophotographic parameters of the molecular glasses doped with difluoroboron-1,3-bis(4-metoxyphenyl)-1,3-propanedionate have been studied. The electrochemical properties and ionization potentials, measured by electron photoemission method in air, were investigated.     

DESIGN OF RECOMBINANT PROTEIN PRODUCTION PROCESSES

A model-aided process design and supervision technique is proposed. Its efficiency is demonstrated by a nontrivial example, the development of a production process for the light chain of the antibody MAK33. This protein was expressed by the genetically modified E. coli B pUBS520 p12023 bacteria under the control of the tac promoter where lactose was used for induction. It is shown in this example that data from a few experiments are sufficient to develop a satisfactory production process. The development of process models, which are prerequisite for a systematic optimization of protein production processes, as well as their use for the determination of quasi-optimal feed-forward control profiles, is discussed. Model-supported closed-loop control is shown to lead to another improvement. Further performance enhancements can be obtained by changing the operational mode from the usually employed fed-batch procedure to a repeated fed-batch mode.     

Vibrational analysis of angle measurement comparator

The comparators of angle measurement are designed for measurement of angle gauges (limbs) and angular movements (turning) for calibration measurement errors of measuring systems. The vibration isolation issue for angle comparators is particularly relevant. Vibration analysis became essential for angle comparators operating in dynamic mode and used for precise angular measurements. In this paper, an analysis of wavelet intensity distributions of angle comparators is carried out by applying the theory of covariance functions. Data from measurements of vibrational signals at fixed points were acquired in the form of data arrays (matrices). Estimates of covariance functions between the arrays of data and the estimates of covariance functions of single arrays were calculated upon changing the quantization interval on the time scale. For signal processing, MATLAB 7 software was applied.     

Synthesis of new hole-transporting molecular glasses with pendant carbazolyl-based hydrazone moieties

Synthesis, thermal, optical and photoelectrical properties of new hole-transporting molecular glasses with pendant carbazolyl-based hydrazone moieties, linked by aliphatic linking fragments, are reported. Electron photoemission spectra of the synthesized derivatives have been recorded and the ionization potentials have been established. The hole drift mobility values in compositions of the designed structures with bisphenol Z polycarbonate exceed 10^?5 cm² V^?1 s^?1 at an electric field 10⁶ V/cm.     

Human Polymerase δ-Interacting Protein 2 (PolDIP2) Inhibits the Formation of Human Tau Oligomers and Fibrils

A central characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other tauopathies is the accumulation of aggregated and misfolded Tau deposits in the brain. Tau-targeting therapies for AD have been unsuccessful in patients to date. Here we show that human polymerase δ-interacting protein 2 (PolDIP2) interacts with Tau. With a set of complementary methods, including thioflavin-T-based aggregation kinetic assays, Tau oligomer-specific dot-blot analysis, and single oligomer/fibril analysis by atomic force microscopy, we demonstrate that PolDIP2 inhibits Tau aggregation and amyloid fibril growth in vitro. The identification of PolDIP2 as a potential regulator of cellular Tau aggregation should be considered for future Tau-targeting therapeutics.     

Direct laser writing of microoptical structures using a Ge-containing hybrid material

We present our investigations into the direct laser writing of a novel germanium-containing hybrid sol–gel photosensitive material for optical applications at micro scale. We employ this material in the fabrication of photonic micro-structures, such as aspheric lenses and prisms; these are well-shaped and provided good optical performance. The material exhibits good transparency and structurability, and three-dimensional structures with sub-100 nm resolution are achieved. We demonstrate the suitability of the direct laser writing method for the rapid production of custom shaped microoptical components. Since germanium glasses are widely used in fiber optics, the combination of direct laser writing with this specially designed, functional material opens an interesting way in fabricating structures for controlling light flow.     

Solution processable C60 fullerene-hydrazone dyads for optoelectronics

Ambipolar, narrow band gap (∼1.35 eV) fullerene-arylhydrazone dyads have been synthesized utilizing the Prato-Maggini-Scorrano reaction followed by the condensation with phenylhydrazines. Room temperature electron and hole mobilities, measured by the xerographic time of flight technique, exceed 10⁻⁴ cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹ at strong electric fields. The values of ionization potential, measured by the photoemission in air method, are in the range of 5.29–5.36 eV. Good ambipolar charge transport, photosensitivity across the whole visible light region of the spectrum, and solubility in common organic solvents makes these dyads attractive materials for various optoelectronic applications.     

Automatical detection of face features and exact face contour

The approach based on the mathematical morphology and the variational calculus is presented for the detection of an exact face contour in still grayscale images. The facial features (eyes and lips) are detected by using the mathematical morphology and the heuristic rules. Using these features an image is filtered and an edge map is prepared. The face contour is detected by minimizing its internal and external energy. The internal energy is defined by the contour tension and the rigidity. The external energy is defined by using the generalized gradient vector flow field of the image edge map. Initial contour is calculated using the detected face features. The contour detection experiments were performed using the database of 427 face images. Automatically detected contours were compared with manually labeled contours using an area and the Euclidean distance-based error measures.     

Molecular glasses possessing a phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline moiety as hole transporting materials for electrophotography

The new hole transporting materials which comprise molecules consisting of two hydrazone branches linked with flexible thiobiphenyl or thiophenyl sulphide and two hydroxyl groups containing central bridge were synthesized and investigated. These transporting materials possessing phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline moieties are low molecular glasses and allow preparing stable to crystallization layers. The ionization potentials of these compounds are ca. 5.3 eV as determined by the electron photoemission method. These low molecular glasses can be used as hole transporting materials with or, in the case of a solid substrate, without binder polymer. The hole drift mobility of the newly synthesized compounds, measured by xerographic time of flight method, exceeds 10⁻⁵ cm²/V s at an electric field of 10⁶ V/cm.