疏水缔合型聚丙烯酰胺的合成与性能评价

为了提高高相对分子质量的聚丙烯酰胺的抗温抗盐性能,利用自制的两亲表面活性单体与丙烯酰胺共聚合成了疏水缔合型聚丙烯酰胺并进行室内评价。结果表明,在高温、高盐、高钙条件下,合成的疏水缔合型聚丙烯酰胺具有良好的增粘性和较强的热稳定性;克服了疏水缔合型聚合物在盐水中溶解性差的问题,可用各种矿化度的盐水和油田产出污水配制;具有良好的无机盐增粘性能和抗温性能。     

meso-四（3-三氟甲基苯基）卟啉与锌的微波催化显色反应的研究

研究了用新显色剂meso-四(3-三氟甲基苯基)卟啉(T(3-TFMP)P)光度法测定痕量锌(Ⅱ)时微波对于显色反应的催化作用和微波操作条件.实验表明,在pH 10.8的缓冲液、Tween-80及盐酸羟胺介质中,经微波加热50 min,显色反应完全,锌(Ⅱ)量在0～4.0 μg/25 mL范围内具有线性关系,表观摩尔吸光系数ε429为5.13×105 L·mol<-1·cm-1.采用加入CyDTA进行退色光度法测定,同时加入混合掩蔽剂,可以消除大多数共存离子的干扰.方法可应用于三甘醇和保健品中痕量锌(Ⅱ)的测定.     

One‐step production of 2,3‐butanediol from starch by secretory over‐expression of amylase in Klebsiella pneumoniae

BACKGROUND: 2,3‐Butanediol (2,3‐BD) is a valuable chemical that can be biosynthesized from many kinds of substrates. For commercial biological production of 2,3‐BD, it is desirable to use cheap substrate without pretreatment, such as starch. However, there have been few reports on the production of 2,3‐BD directly from starch. RESULTS: In this work, gene malS coding for α‐amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) precursor was inserted into plasmid pUC18K, and secretory over‐expression of α‐amylase was achieved by engineered Klebsiella pneumoniae. The extracellular recombinant amylase accelerated the hydrolyzation of starch, and one‐step production of 2,3‐BD from starch was carried out by engineered K. pneumoniae. A 2,3‐BD concentration of 3.8 g L^?1 and yield of 0.19 g 2,3‐BD g^?1 starch were obtained after 24 h fermentation. CONCLUSION: The one‐step production of 2,3‐BD from starch was achieved by secretory over‐expression of amylase in K. pneumoniae. This would simplify the process and reduce the production cost considerably by enabling use of starch with minimal pretreatment. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

绿色纤维天丝纱（Tencel）的生产实践

文章主要介绍了绿色环保纤维--天丝(Tencel)纤维特点、主要物理指标及特征,同时也详细介绍了该产品生产的工艺流程、各工序实际生产过程中的主要工艺参数、注意方面以及质量指标测试情况,以供大家参考.     

Synthesis of p‐aminophenol from the hydrogenation of nitrobenzene over metal–solid acid bifunctional catalyst

BACKGROUND: A single‐step conversion of nitrobenzene (NB) to p‐aminophenol (PAP) through catalytic hydrogenation is a widely used synthesis route for PAP. The main shortcoming of this route is the use of sulfuric acid for rearrangement of the phenylhydroxylamine (PHA) intermediate. In this paper, S₂O₈^2?/ZrO₂ (PSZ) solid acid and Pt‐S₂O₈^2?/ZrO₂ (Pt‐PSZ) bifunctional catalysts were prepared for the synthesis of PAP in non‐acid medium. RESULTS: Calcination temperature has a substantial effect on the acidity, structure and activity for PHA rearrangement of PSZ. The highest PAP yield was 33.8% over PSZ calcined at 823 K when the reaction was carried out in water at 423 K. A high PAP yield of 23.9% was achieved by a single‐step reaction of nitrobenzene over Pt‐PSZ bifunctional catalysts. CONCLUSION: PSZ solid acid exhibits high activity for PHA rearrangement. Perfect tetragonal ZrO₂ and much stronger acid sites play important roles in catalytic activity. Inhibiting the hydrogenation activity by reducing the amount of Pt loading on Pt‐PSZ can improve the competition of PHA rearrangement on acid sites with hydrogenation of PHA on metal active sites, resulting in better selectivity to PAP. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

基于遗传算法的工作辊温度场参数优化模型

针对热连轧机工作辊热辊形计算中温度场模型的热交换等参数难以确定的问题 ,建立了基于遗传算法的参数优化模型 ,可以解决复杂条件下的热参数的求解问题。利用优化参数计算的轧辊温度场与实际测量结果一致。     

雏议造价监理工程师在工程建设中的作用

分析了造价监理工程师如何在在施工前期的招投标、施工组织方案技术经济评价和工程施工阶段的签证、索赔、进度款控制等方面对造价进行合理确定和有效控制。     

提高自主创新能力，加速变频器制造业持续快速发展

创新是企业发展不竭的动力，是增强企业竞争力的关键因素。本文就变频器企业在当前激烈的市场矗虿中，如何做好自主创新工作进行了探讨。在简要阐述自主创新的重要意义后，分析了变频器企业目前发展的现状和存在的问题。针对问题提出了变频器企业在开展自主创新时，可供参考的一些基本思路和途径。     

Application of artificial neural networks to the analysis of two‐dimensional fluorescence spectra in recombinant E coli fermentation processes

A two‐dimensional (2D) spectrofluorometer was used to monitor various fermentation processes with recombinant E coli for the production of 5‐aminolevulinic acid (ALA). The whole fluorescence spectral data obtained during a process were analyzed using artificial neural networks, ie self‐organizing map (SOM) and feedforward backpropagation neural network (BPNN). The SOM‐based classification of the whole spectral data has made it possible to qualitatively associate some process parameters with the normalized weights and variances, and to select some useful combinations of excitation and emission wavelengths. Based on the classified fluorescence spectra a supervised BPNN algorithm was used to predict some of the process parameters. It was also shown that the BPNN models could elucidate some sections of the process's performance, eg forecasting the process's performance. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

Effect of fiber types on relevant properties of porous asphalt

The research was conducted to evaluate the effects of cellulose and polyester fibers on the properties of porous asphalt mixes, using the tests of draindown, abrasion, volumetric properties, rutting, and moisture damage. Images of scanning electron microscopy and X-ray computerized tomography were adopted to identify the microstructure of the fiber and inner stone skeleton of porous asphalt. The influence of rutting parameter （G＊/sin δ） of asphalt modified by different fibers on the rutting resistance of the mixes was investigated. Based upon MOHR-COULOMB theory, the cohesion and the angle of internal friction of the mixes were derived from both indirect tension and unconfined compression strength. The experimental results indicate that fibers mainly stabilize asphalt binder and thicken asphalt film around aggregates. Furthermore, they result in the improved mechanical strength of porous asphalt mixes at high temperature slightly. From comparison analysis, cellulose fibers appear to perform better than polyester fibers in porous asphalt mixes.