Shock Resistance of a Disk-Drive Assembly Using Piezoelectric Actuators With Passive Damping

Current dual-stage actuator design uses piezoelectric patches only, without passive damping. In this paper, we propose a dual-stage servo system using enhanced active-passive hybrid piezoelectric actuators. Because they incorporate passive damping, the proposed actuators will improve the existing dual-stage actuators, giving them higher precision and better shock resistance. We report finite-element analyses of different types of piezoelectric actuators in a disk arm assembly under external shock and vibration. We modeled the viscoelastic damping layers in the hybrid actuators with the Prony series, whose parameters we determined from the dynamic frequency data of a nomograph. In the analyses, a shock impulse (175 g, 1 ms half sine) and a vibration impulse (350 g and 1 ms full sine) are applied at one end of the base, while the other end of the base is fixed. We evaluated and compared the responses of the disk arm assembly with different configurations of the piezoelectric actuators. The simulation results show that the enhanced active-passive hybrid actuator design would reduce the residual in-plane vibration induced during the shock, resist liftoff motion, and reduce the impact damage when the head slaps.     

Electrode optimization for high-speed traveling-wave integratedoptic modulators

Different electrode configurations for LiNbO₃-based Mach-Zehnder traveling-wave electrooptic modulators are analyzed. It is found that the Z-cut coplanar waveguide (CPW) configuration provides the best compromise between the characteristic impedance, the half-wave voltage, and the driving power. To increase the bandwidth and simultaneously reduce the half-wave voltage, an optimum design of multisection phase reversal electrode is proposed. To verify the theoretical predictions experimentally, two modulators, both using the Z-cut LiNbO₃ CPW configuration, were fabricated and characterized, one with an optimized five-section phase reversal electrode and the other with a conventional single-section electrode. By comparing the performances of these two devices, it is confirmed that significant improvements on the bandwidth to half-wave voltage ratio and the flatness of the frequency response can indeed be obtained from using an optimized multisection phase reversal electrode     

Sensor system for monitoring soil moisture content in cable trenches of high-voltage cables

An in-situ moisture sensor intended to measure the moisture content of cable trench filler material is described. The design of the unit, which has been built to integrate with existing data monitoring systems allowing remote interrogation and enabling real-time decisions to be made on circuit loading safety margins, is discussed.     

Reduction of hexavalent chromium by Pannonibacter phragmitetus LSSE-09 stimulated with external electron donors under alkaline conditions

A novel Cr (VI) resistant bacterial strain LSSE-09, identified as Pannonibacter phragmitetus, was isolated from industrial sludge. It has strong aerobic and anaerobic Cr (VI)-reduction potential under alkaline conditions. At 37 °C and pH 9.0, growing cells of strain LSSE-09 could completely reduce 100 and 1000 mg L(-1) Cr (VI)-Cr (III) within 9 and 24h, respectively under aerobic condition. Resting cells showed higher anaerobic reduction potential with the rate of 1.46 mg g(-1)((dry weight))min(-1), comparing with their aerobic reduction rate, 0.21 mg g(-1)min(-1). External electron donors, such as lactate, acetate, formate, pyruvate, citrate and glucose could highly increase the reduction rate, especially for aerobic reduction. The presence of 3000 mg L(-1) acetate enhanced anaerobic and aerobic Cr (VI)-reduction rates up to 9.47 mg g(-1)min(-1) and 4.42 mg g(-1)min(-1), respectively, which were 5 and 20 times faster than those without it. Strain LSSE-09 retained high activities over six batch cycles and NO(3)(-) and SO(4)(2-) had slightly negative effects on Cr (VI)-reduction rates. The results suggest that strain LSSE-09 has potential application for Cr (VI) detoxification in alkaline wastewater.     

铁矿粉与CaO同化反应性能的表征方法

为解决在研究铁矿粉与CaO进行同化反应时通常采用最低同化温度这一终点体系指标来表征,而没有考虑同化反应速度和升温速率的缺陷以及采用多个指标来表征同化反应温度和速度在使用上的不便,本文充分利用铁矿粉在高温同化反应过程中获得的数据和范特霍夫规则,提出了量纲为1的同化反应特征数.该特征数包括同化反应速度、升温速率、同化温度和温度对同化反应速度的影响,可用来表征铁矿粉与CaO的同化过程中铁矿粉的同化温度、同化反应时间、同化反应结束温度等性能,并以烧结过程中的实际温度作为基准.该特征数综合了铁矿粉与CaO在同化反应过程中各重要信息,可以更全面地反映铁矿粉与CaO的同化反应性能.对两种方法得到的结果进行了比较,发现仅考虑最低同化温度这一终点指标时得到的结果相近,而采用同化反应特征数可以进一步细分出不同铁矿粉同化反应性能的差异.     

COREX熔融气化炉内料柱的透液性指数及影响因素

休风时对COREX熔融气化炉进行风口取样,通过对风口试样的检测分析,用压差度的倒数表示炉内气相对料柱透液性的影响,用空隙度和温度强度的乘积表示炉内的渣铁液相对料柱透液性的影响,建立了表征熔融气化炉料柱透液性的公式.对两批风口试样的研究发现,熔融气化炉内不同位置风口试样的透液性指数与相应位置的滞留铁比呈现一致的对应关系.进一步分析了透液性指数的影响因素,发现在炉况不顺时,未反应完全的酸性脉石直接落入炉缸,导致沿风口径向部分位置的渣样熔化温度高于1500℃,影响了渣铁流动性.提出了增加料层厚度、采取合理的造渣制度、控制均匀的煤气流分布等技术措施,为改善熔融气化炉内料柱的透液性提供帮助.     

COREX熔融气化炉Rist操作线的建立和应用

考虑了块煤在熔融气化炉上部挥发分的析出和采用部分氧气燃烧析出挥发分中的焦油和碳氢化合物这一特点,利用改进的Rist操作线原理,建立了熔融气化炉操作线图,直观地体现了不同因素对炼铁过程能耗的影响.讨论了COREX熔融气化炉内上部吹氧燃烧焦油和碳氢化合物后操作线的变化,对比了加入不同块煤和半焦对上部吹氧量、能耗的影响,分析了将块煤中挥发分脱除后以半焦的形式加入炉内,熔融气化炉上部煤气氧化度、温度和煤气量的变化,以及对能耗的影响.     

Large amplitude flexural vibration of rectangular plates

By using an approximate formulation due to Berger it is shown that the vibration of rectangular plates with large amplitudes may be treated in a simple and unified manner. Numerical results are given for various boundary conditions.     

熔融还原合成渣中碳还原Fe2O3的发泡特性参数

测定了Fe₂O₃在熔融还原合成渣中被碳还原时,还原气体产生泡沫渣的高度与时间的关系.由发泡特性参数方程计算了不同条件下的发泡特性参数,从而可以对熔融还原过程中由内生气源引起的发泡过程进行定量描述。为在铁浴中控制泡沫渣现象提供了必要的基础.