Effects of haloperidol and d-amphetamine on in vivo 3H-spiroperiodol binding in the rat forebrain(1)

Specific (3)H-spiroperidol ((3)H-Sp) binding was demonstrated to occur, in vivo, throughout the rat forebrain. The highest concentrations of (3)H-Sp were found in regions known to contain dopamine neuron terminals. Acute and repeated administration of low does of haloperidol decreased in vivo (3)H-Sp in subcortical but not cortical regions. Repeated administration of high does of haloperidol followed by washout periods up to 8 days did not lead to an increase in in vivo (3)H-Sp binding; however, a single dose of d-amphetamine caused substantial increases. Analysis of the alterations induced by haloperidol and d-amphetamine suggest that the dopamine receptor changes configuration upon excessive exposure to agonists or antagonists in such a way as to favor the counterpart ligand.     

Conventional vs. formulated foods in school lunches. II. Cost of food served, eaten, and wasted

School lunches containing all conventional foods were designed to provide one-third or one-half the recommended allowances for elementary students. The same nutrient levels were planned in meals containing some formulated items. Each type of meal was served for five days, and total food costs and costs of food served, consumed, and wasted were calculated. At the same nutritional level, mean preparation costs of partially formulated meals were lower than for meals composed of all conventional foods. Meals providing one-half the allowances and containing formulated items cost slightly less than totally conventional meals which provided one-third of the allowances. Cost of waste was lower with partially formulated meals.     

Measuring occupational difficulty: A construct validation against training criteria.

Burtch, Lipscomb, and Wissman's (1982) occupational learning difficulty index attempts to measure the difficulty of occupations by aggregating workers' evaluations of task learning time. In the present study we examined the construct validity of this job analysis index. To accomplish this, 48 different occupational training programs were described in terms of 15 training content variables, 6 student characteristics variables, and 7 training performance variables. The results, obtained in a correlational analysis, indicated that the occupational learning difficulty index yielded an interpretable pattern of relationships with the training content and performance variables. We conclude that this task learning time index displays some construct validity as a measure of occupational difficulty and, therefore, should prove of value in designing training, manpower allocation, and job evaluation systems. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effects of the News‐Finds‐Me Perception in Communication: Social Media Use Implications for News Seeking and Learning About Politics

With social media at the forefront of today's media context, citizens may perceive they don't need to actively seek news because they will be exposed to news and remain well‐informed through their peers and social networks. We label this the “news‐finds‐me perception,” and test its implications for news seeking and political knowledge: “news‐finds‐me effects.” U.S. panel‐survey data show that individuals who perceive news will find them are less likely to use traditional news sources and are less knowledgeable about politics over time. Although the news‐finds‐me perception is positively associated with news exposure on social media, this behavior doesn't facilitate political learning. These results suggest news continues to enhance political knowledge best when actively sought.     

Flattening tuples in an SSA intermediate representation

For functional programs, unboxing aggregate data structures such as tuples removes memory indirections and frees dead components of the decoupled structures. To explore the consequences of such optimizations in a whole-program compiler, this paper presents a tuple flattening transformation and a framework that allows the formal study and comparison of different flattening schemes. We present our transformation over functional SSA, a simply-typed, monomorphic language and show that the transformation is type-safe. The flattening algorithm defined by our transformation has been incorporated into MLton, a whole-program, optimizing compiler for SML. Experimental results indicate that aggressive tuple flattening can lead to substantial improvements in runtime performance, a reduction in code size, and a decrease in total allocation without a significant increase in compilation time.     

Analysis of the urine proteome in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) accounts for over 213?000 deaths worldwide each year, largely due to late diagnosis. One of the risk factors for the development of PDAC is chronic pancreatitis (CP); the intense desmoplastic reaction makes differentiation between the two conditions extremely difficult. In order to identify biomarkers for noninvasive diagnosis, we performed 2-D DIGE analysis of urine samples from healthy individuals and patients with PDAC and CP. Despite considerable intersample heterogeneity, a total of 127 statistically valid (p<0.05), differentially expressed protein spots were detected, 101 of which were identified using MALDI-TOF MS. A number of these, including annexin A2, gelsolin and CD59 have already been associated with PDAC, however, their validation using immunoblotting proved challenging. This is probably due to extensive PTMs and processing thus indicating the need for raising specific antibodies for urinary proteins. Despite this, our study clearly demonstrates that urine is a valid source of noninvasive biomarkers in patients with pancreatic diseases.