多丝直缝埋弧焊管焊缝形貌对热影响区冲击功的影响

为了研究多丝直缝埋弧焊管焊缝形貌对热影响区冲击功的影响,分析了直缝埋弧焊管焊接接头不同区域的组织和韧性分布规律,得出由于热影响区冲击试样刻槽处焊缝宏观形貌的不同,冲击试样刻槽所经过的焊缝、热影响区（HAZ）及母材的比例各不相同,造成HAZ冲击功结果不稳定。试验结果表明,稳定的焊缝宏观形貌,应从坡口准备、成型各工序、焊接工艺及操作等方面进行严格规范及标准化操作。     

Preparation and evaluation of 30# hard grade asphalt

The preparation and evaluation of 30# hard grade asphalt by blending softening point hard deoil asphalt with several soft components were investigated. The results showed that the properties and proportions of blending soft components had a great influence on the properties of 30# asphalt. Chunfeng 70# asphalt and Maoming deoil asphalt were more suitable as blending soft components and their blended asphalt met the technical requirements of GB/T 15180-2010 when the proportion of hard deoil asphalt were 6–12% and 8–16%, respectively. PG grade results indicated that dynamic modulus of 30# asphalts at high temperature increased significantly, and antirutting ability was also improved notably, while the bending resistant ability at low temperature was slightly inferior to the high-grade asphalt. The results of mix performance tests showed that 30# hard grade asphalt had excellent anti–high-temperature deformation ability and preferable water stability compared with high-grade asphalts.     

内衬316L双金属复合管环焊焊缝失效原因分析

针对双金属机械复合管对接环焊缝的刺漏问题,对某油田现场服役的内衬316L双金属复合管问题管段进行取样,并从焊缝横截面各区域微观组织、化学成分、抗晶间腐蚀性能等方面进行了研究。研究结果表明,对接环焊缝打底焊道的热影响区晶粒粗大,对接环焊缝打底焊道熔合线附近区域主要耐腐蚀合金元素被稀释是双金属机械复合管对接环焊缝发生刺漏的主要原因。最后给出了预防刺漏发生的措施,即通过降低打底焊热输入量,提高管端尺寸精度,增加过渡层厚度且减小第一层填充焊热输入量的方法可有效预防刺漏问题的发生。     

圆锥形接触式激光刀头设计

本文用展开法设计圆锥形接触式激光刀头,导出了刀头几何参数的计算公式。给出了一个设计实例并讨论了各几何参数之间的关系。     

高发射率节能涂料及其应用

讨论了高发射率涂料节能的条件，了一种在1000℃仍保持高发射率的优质涂料，并解决了涂料与金属基体的粘结工艺，用此涂料制成增强辐射电阻带和复合炉衬，得到的新炉比旧炉节能20－40％。     

Optimization of vacuum resid solvent deasphalting to produce bright stock and hard asphalt

To prepare bright stock (BS) and 30# hard asphalt simultaneously, propane solvent deasphalting (SDA) of Oman vacuum residue was optimized. Result showed the optimal process conditions were as follows: extraction tower top temperature of 64°C, settling tower top temperature of 74°C, extraction pressure of 3.35 MPa, solvent ratio of 5. Compared with SDA of Oman VR to prepare bright stock and 70# asphalt, the yields of light deasphalted oil (LDAO) and heavy deasphalted oil (HDAO) were 26.8% and 24.7%, and increased by 1.7% and 5.2% respectively; carbon residue of LDAO was less than 1.2%, conformed to the feed requirement of furfural refining to produce bright stock. The yield of DOA was 48.5%, and DOA could be directly used to produce 30# hard asphalt. The PG grade of 30# asphalt was PG 76–22 and the 30# asphalt mixture had high rut dynamic stability and water resistant stability. HDAO could be used as feedstock of catalytic cracking and light yield oil (gasoline and diesel) was 65.99%.     

吐哈盆地侏罗系煤成烃相态特征的热模拟实验

在吐哈盆地中下侏罗统煤岩样品加水热压模拟实验的油气产物配方基础上, 应用PR状态方程计算了生烃产物的PVT相图。通过不同模拟温度下生烃产物的PVT相图特征分析发现, 随着模拟温度升高, 煤岩的油气生成相态由“油相型”转变为“气相型”, 二者的镜质体反射率R_o为1.2%~1.6%。     

同步扫描水下激光成像系统的蒙特卡洛仿真及优化

针对水下激光同步扫描三角测距成像系统受水介质散射和吸收影响导致作用距离减小、目标反射点图像质量变差等问题,从辐射传输理论出发,采用蒙特卡洛方法建立水下激光传输的随机模型,利用TracePro软件进行光线追迹仿真,得到反射点图像相对散射光背景的对比度。探讨了目标距离、激光光强、基线距离、物镜口径等改变对对比度的影响关系,从而对水下激光同步扫描三角测距成像系统参数作了优化设计。最后从系统实际情况和需要出发,确定激光光强1 W,基线距离250 mm,成像物镜50 mm/F2,确保在7.5 m距离范围内,有较好的目标反射点图像对比度,从而保证了同步扫描三角测距原理的实施。     

曲线光顺在惯导平台自标定中的应用

提出了一种新的惯导平台自标定数据处理方法——曲线光顺法。根据自标定数据特点给出了适于自标定数据的曲线光顺准则。分析了野值对曲线二阶差商的影响规律,提出了一种野值剔除算法。通过将最小二乘与B样条结合得出二阶差商参考值,并使实际差商与参考差商距离达到最小从而得到野值修改值。实验结果表明,该文的算法能很好地解决惯导平台自标定数据的野值剔除问题,可通过调节参数来控制光顺精度,并具有算法简便、易于操作的优点。     

高效无损岩心孔隙度精确测量新方法

将微纳米CT图像与微图像拼接技术相结合,识别出干酪根内微纳米尺度孔隙,从而对岩心孔隙度进行精确测量。首先利用微纳米CT图像,识别出其中的宏观连通孔隙度、孤立孔隙度以及干酪根区域（无法辨识的干酪根孔隙）所占体积百分比;然后借助扫描电镜或FIBSEM图像,对微纳米CT图像中的干酪根区域进行超高分辨率成像,识别出干酪根孔隙空间,并通过九格法测量有代表性的样品点计算出干酪根本身的平均孔隙度;最后将超高分辨率下得到的干酪根孔隙度信息,返回到微纳米CT图像中的干酪根区域内,修正微纳米CT图像宏观总孔隙度。整个测量过程操作简便,并且不对岩心造成实质性伤害。