原位红外光谱研究CL-20分子骨架内外基团的温度响应规律

为深入认识ε晶型六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(ε-CL-20)分子的骨架内、外基团在升温过程中的结构演化规律,采用原位傅里叶变换红外光谱(in-situ FT-IR),结合差示扫描量热(DSC),对ε-CL-20骨架内外基团的温度响应规律进行了定量比较分析。结果表明,ε-CL-20骨架外基团(—NO_2、C—H)的红外吸收峰强度随温度升高经历了三个变化阶段:线性下降阶段(ZⅠ)、加速降低阶段(ZⅡ)和第二次加速降低阶段(ZⅢ),可分别对应于CL-20晶体热膨胀、热致相变与热分解过程;分子骨架内C—N伸缩振动同样经历上述三个阶段,但ZⅡ、ZⅢ区域起始温度均明显高于骨架外基团,表明无论是热致相变还是热分解过程,骨架外基团对温度都更为敏感,而在更高温度下,骨架内基团才会对温度产生响应;骨架内C—C伸缩振动的温度响应特点更为复杂:随着温度的升高,其峰强仅经历一次加速降低阶段,同时C—C伸缩振动出现与ε-γ相变密切相关的新特征峰,表明相变过程使得分子骨架内C—C键的振动模式发生了明显变化,进一步升温后发现新特征峰的面积相对占比在不断增加,说明这种骨架内振动模式的变化直至热分解结束前仍在不断进行。     

Comments on "A carry-free 54 b/spl times/54 b multiplier using equivalent bit conversion algorithm"

For original paper see ibid., vol. 36, no. 10, p. 1538-1545 (Oct. 2001). In the aforementioned paper by Kim et al., a multiplier is presented which produces the result in radix-2 signed-digit representation. It is claimed that this representation can be converted into conventional magnitude representation by an algorithm which has no carry propagation. To the commenters this algorithm seems incorrect. The critical situation is a string which consists of a sequence of zeros followed by a -1; in such a case a carry is needed and the algorithm proposed is deemed incorrect. Consequently, it is pointed out that the proposed algorithm produces a correct multiplication result in conventional magnitude representation only if the signed-digit string does not have a sequence of 0's followed by a -1. The commenters show a multiplication example using the proposed conversion algorithm in which this situation occurs.     

Domains of attraction of Shalvi-Weinstein receivers

Domains of attraction (DoA) of Shalvi-Weinstein (1990) receivers are analyzed. It is shown that there is a one-to-one correspondence between DoA in the receiver parameter space and those in the global (or combined channel-receiver) parameter space. For general noiseless channels, DoA of SW receivers in the global response space are the minimum distance decision regions on a unit sphere. In the presence of noise and for the class of orthogonal channels, DoA of SW receivers for independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) input signals are the minimum distance decision regions on an ellipsoid determined by the channel coefficients and the noise variance. The DoA in the receiver parameter space are also characterized for the general nonuniformly distributed sources. The size of the DoA is shown to be affected by the signal power, the signal constellation, the noise level, and the channel condition. It is also demonstrated that although the optima of the Shalvi-Weinstein algorithm and those of the constant modulus algorithm are one-to-one correspondent, their DoA are different in general     

Super-Stretchable,Anti-Freezing,Anti-Drying Organogel Ionic Conductor for Multi-Mode Flexible Electronics

Due to their intrinsic flexibility, tunable conductivity, multiple stimulus-response, and self-healing ability, ionic conductive hydrogels have drawn significant attention in flexible/wearable electronics. However, challenges remain because traditional hydrogels inevitably faced the problems of losing flexibility and conductivity because of the inner water loss when exposed to the ambient environment. Besides, the water inside the hydrogel will freeze at the water icing temperatures, making the device hard and fragile. As a promising alternative, organogels have attracted wide attention because they can, to some extent, overcome the above drawbacks. Herein, a kind of organogel ionic conductor (MOIC) by a self-polymerization reaction is involved, which is super stretchable, anti-drying, and anti-freezing. Meanwhile, it can still maintain high mechanical stability after alternately loading/unloading at the strain of 600% for 600 s (1800 cycles). Using this MOIC, high-performance triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is constructed (MOIC-TENG) to harvest small mechanical energy even the MOIC electrode underwent an extremely low temperature. In addition, multifunctional flexible/wearable sensors (strain sensor, piezoresistive sensor, and tactile sensor) are realized to monitor human motions in real time, and recognize different materials by triboelectric effect. This study demonstrates a promising candidate material for flexible/wearable electronics such as electronic skin, flexible sensors, and human-machine interfaces.     

多轴超声C扫描系统在车辆负重轮检测中的应用

采用多轴超声水浸C扫描系统检测车辆负重轮的内部缺陷,对扫描工艺参数、曲面路径快速编制进行了研究,获得了最佳检测工艺参数及快速编制曲面跟踪路径方法。结果表明,曲面跟踪C扫描检测是车辆负重轮理想的检测方法,不仅有利于缺陷的检出,而且检测结果准确、检测效率高,适合大批量作业。     

磁光调制法测量玻璃内应力

为了实现玻璃内应力的高精度测量,提出了一种磁光调制的新方法,建立了基于磁光调制的内应力测量系统.首先,根据偏振光的穆勒矩阵描述方式推导了该系统的测量模型,通过分离被测信号的直流、基频和各次谐波分量,并利用归一化的方法,消除了光强波动对测量结果的影响,并根据处理接收到的各信号分量得到玻璃内应力方向和应力双折射大小.通过测量玻璃的不同位置验证了该方法的有效性,内应力方向的测量精度为5,应力双折射的测量精度低于0.5 nm/cm,且系统具有稳定性高、精度高等特点.     

激光头主板用FPC关键材料研究

FPC有广阔的发展及应用空间,对FPC的的卷曲、弯折以及温度和湿度载荷下的疲劳可靠性也有了更高的要求。本文通过对激光头主板用FPC关键材料的实验研究,通过对比实验选择出了提高激光头主板FPC电路的弯折性的FPC材料,其产品电路的弯折达1000万次,达到国内的先进水平。     

Synthesis and optoelectronic properties of novel fluorene-bridged dinuclear cyclometalated iridium (III) complex with A–D–A framework in the single-emissive-layer WOLEDs

To explore the influence of push–pull chromophores on properties of emitter in organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs), an acceptor–donor–acceptor (A–D–A)-based dinuclear iridium (III) complex of (dfppy)₄Ir₂(dipic-FL) was synthesized via Suzuki coupling reaction, in which dfppy is 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)pyridine and dipic-FL is 2,7-di(5-pyridyl-2-carboxyl)-9,9-dioctyl-9H-fluorene. An intense emission peak at about 480 nm resulting from the (dfppy)₂Ir(pic) chromophore and a weak long-wavelength emission band at 580–660 nm attributed to intramolecular charge transfer transition were exhibited for (dfppy)₄Ir₂(dipic-FL) in dichloromethane solution. But a remarkably hypsochromic photoluminescence profile with an intense characteristical emission peak at 422 nm was observed, which is attributed to the intraligand (IL) π–π^∗ excited states in its thin film. White emission with a maximum luminance of 1040 cd/m² and current efficiency of 1.2 cd/A was obtained in its single-emissive-layer (SEL) OLEDs with a configuration of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/(dfppy)₄Ir₂(dipic-FL) (10 wt%):TCTA/TPBi/LiF/Al. To our knowledge, this is one of the best examples in term of dinuclear iridium complex as single dopant in the high-performance white-emitting SEL-OLEDs.     

影视剧显示的大数据技术

大数据无疑是2013年IT业内最热的词.厂商热推,媒体热炒,仿佛不谈大数据,不推大数据,不用大数据,就没有了未来.当IT业界正在爆炒大数据的时候,影视圈的导演和主角们自然也不甘寂寞,他们雄赳赳、气昂昂地投身到这场轰轰烈烈的造星运动之中.本文对英剧《黑镜》、电影《点球成金》和美剧《疑犯追踪》中的大数据元素进行了分析,体现了大数据的无穷魅力,展望了大数据广泛的应用前景.     

A microwave scattering model for layered vegetation

A microwave scattering model was developed for layered vegetation based on an iterative solution of the radiative transfer equation up to the second order to account for multiple scattering within the canopy and between the ground and the canopy. The model is designed to operate over a wide frequency range for both deciduous and coniferous forest and to account for the branch size distribution, leaf orientation distribution, and branch orientation distribution for each size. The canopy is modeled as a two-layered medium above a rough interface. The upper layer is the crown, containing leaves, stems, and branches. The lower layer is the trunk region, modeled as randomly positioned cylinders with a preferred orientation distribution above an irregular soil surface. Comparisons of results obtained using this model with measurements from deciduous and coniferous forests show good agreement at several frequencies for both like and cross polarizations