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991.
Water and Sediment Quality in Lakes along the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jinglu Wu Haiao Zeng Hong Yu Long Ma Longsheng Xu Boqiang Qin 《Water Resources Management》2012,26(12):3601-3618
Water and sediment samples were collected from 45 lakes along the middle-lower Yangtze River, China. Each lake was sampled seasonally, over a period of one year. Water quality variables and metals in sediments were measured. Lakes along the lowest part of the river, within the Yangtze River Delta, had highest nutrient concentrations and were eutrophic or hypereutrophic. Lakes displayed a gradient in many water chemistry variables, from the middle to the lower Yangtze River. Lakes of the Delta region had the highest conductivity, sulfate, turbidity, and Chl-a values, and the lowest dissolved oxygen concentrations. A number of lakes near urban areas in the study region also displayed similar conditions. Lakes polluted by heavy metals were found in the upper part of the lower Yangtze River and had high Cu, Cr, and Co concentrations in sediments. The mean Igeo (index of geoaccumulation) values for Cu, Cr, and Co classes ranged from 0 to 4, indicating moderate to heavy contamination, contributed mainly from untreated industrial waste water produced within the lake catchments. Lakes of the middle Yangtze River are generally in relatively better condition, except for those around urban zones, which experience higher nutrient and heavy metal loading. The spatial distribution of lake conditions in the area can be related to the policy of regional economic development. The Delta region in China is developed and includes such cities as Shanghai and Suzhou. Heavy industries have moved into the interior region of China too, and development of modern cities is now occurring under some level of environmental protection. Nevertheless, lakes in the central part are becoming seriously polluted with both heavy metals and nutrients because local authorities promote industrialization and urbanization to improve economic conditions, while often ignoring environmental protection. Pollution is increasingly occurring in upstream reaches, a tendency that will bring more environmental problems. Interior lakes of China require immediate attention to prevent further declines in water quality. 相似文献
992.
Cabral RM Ferraz MS Rizzo M Sousa FD Rodrigues NM Ibiapina PB Ambrósio CE De Carvalho MA 《Microscopy research and technique》2012,75(5):566-570
The aim of this study is to show histological and immunofluorescence analysis of renal parenchyma of agoutis affected by gentamicin‐induced renal disease after the infusion of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMC) stained with Hoechst®. Nine agouti's males were divided into three groups: Test group (TG): renal disease by gentamicin induced (n = 3), cell therapy group (CTG): renal disease by gentamicin induced and BMMC infusion (n = 3), and control group (CG): nonrenal disease and BMMC infusion (n = 3). TG and CTG were submitted to the protocol of renal disease induction using weekly application of gentamicin sulfate for 4 months. CG and CTG received a 1 × 108 BMMC stained with Hoechst and were euthanized for kidney examination 21 days after BMMC injection and samples were collected for histology and immunofluorescence analysis. Histological analysis demonstrated typical interstitial lesions in kidney similarly to human disease, as tubular necrosis, glomerular destruction, atrophy tubular, fibrotic areas, and collagen deposition. We conclude that histological analysis suggest a positive application of agouti's as a model for a gentamicin inducing of kidney disease, beyond the immunofluorescence analysis suggest a significant migration of BMMC to sites of renal injury in CTG. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
993.
To enhance the efficiency of nitrate removal from synthetic groundwater, wheat rice stone (WRS) and granular activated carbon (GAC) were employed as biofilm carriers for denitrification under different HRT (hydraulic retention time) and C/N ratios. Four different ratios of GAC to WRS (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0) were investigated to determine the most appropriate ratio of GAC and WRS. The NO(3)(-)-N, NO(2)(-)-N, COD levels and pH of the effluent were also investigated under various HRT and C/N ratios. The results showed that the column at a GAC/WRS ratio of 1.0 performed best under a C/N ratio of 0.9 and an HRT of 8 h, with 99% nitrate being removed. In addition, little nitrite accumulation and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were observed in effluent under these conditions. These results demonstrated that, with no addition of phosphor in the influent, the nitrate removal efficiency can be enhanced by WRS because WRS can leach trace elements and phosphor to promote the growth of bacteria. 相似文献
994.
IEEE802.11p下删余卷积编码译码方法的研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
应用于智能交通系统的无线接入协议IEEE802.11p,其物理层卷积编码的码率可通过对(2,1,7)卷积编码器的删余来实现。讨论了删余位置的图案和算法,分析了在删余位置插入不同哑元时维特比译码后误码率的统计特性。仿真的同时比较了固定哑元下不同码率所引入的误比特率。 相似文献
995.
996.
基于ZigBee网络的智能铁鞋系统设计 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
针对目前现有的无线通信铁鞋系统在使用过程中出现的问题,提出一种新型的智能铁鞋设计方案。该系统的拓扑结构由协调器和采集器节点构成,利用ZigBee无线传感器网络实现节点间的互联组网,采用CC2531作为协调器节点的核心控制芯片,CC2530作为采集器的核心控制芯片。此外,采用CC2591作为末端放大器,以提高发射功率,进一步增大传输距离(由传统的75 m提高到1 km以上)。最后,利用VC++和SQL Server 2005实现了控制室铁鞋检测控制系统上位机的设计。实践表明,该系统可靠性高、传输距离远,能满足现场需求。 相似文献
997.
998.
Many physical phenomena are modeled by nonclassical parabolic initial boundary value problems which involve a nonclassical term u xxt in the governed equation. Combining with the Crank-Nicolson/leapfrog scheme in time discretization, Chebyshev-Legendre pseudo-spectral method is applied to space discretization for numerically solving the nonclassical parabolic equation. The proposed approach is based on Legendre Galerkin formulation while the Chebyshev-Gauss-Lobatto (CGL) nodes are used in the computation. By using the proposed method, the computational complexity is reduced and both accuracy and efficiency are achieved. The stability and convergence are rigorously set up. The convergence rate shows ??spectral accuracy??. Numerical experiments are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method and to confirm the theoretical results. 相似文献
999.
In breast cancer research, it is of great interest to identify genomic markers associated with prognosis. Multiple gene profiling studies have been conducted for such a purpose. Genomic markers identified from the analysis of single datasets often do not have satisfactory reproducibility. Among the multiple possible reasons, the most important one is the small sample sizes of individual studies. A cost-effective solution is to pool data from multiple comparable studies and conduct integrative analysis. In this study, we collect four breast cancer prognosis studies with gene expression measurements. We describe the relationship between prognosis and gene expressions using the accelerated failure time (AFT) models. We adopt a 2-norm group bridge penalization approach for marker identification. This integrative analysis approach can effectively identify markers with consistent effects across multiple datasets and naturally accommodate the heterogeneity among studies. Statistical and simulation studies demonstrate satisfactory performance of this approach. Breast cancer prognosis markers identified using this approach have sound biological implications and satisfactory prediction performance. 相似文献
1000.
Metamodeling or surrogate modeling is becoming increasingly popular for product design optimization in manufacture industries.
In this paper, an extended Gaussian Kriging method is proposed to improve the prediction performance of widely used ordinary
Kriging in engineering design. Unlike the forgoing approaches, the proposed method places a variance-varying Gaussian prior
on the unknown regression coefficients in the mean model of Kriging and makes prediction at untried design points based on
the principle of Bayesian maximum a posterior. The achieved regression mean model is adaptive, therefore capable of capturing
more effectively the overall trend of computer responses and leading to a more accurate metamodel. Particularly, the regression
coefficients in the mean model are estimated by a fast numerical algorithm, making extended Gaussian Kriging implemented roughly
as efficient as ordinary Kriging. Experiment results on several examples are presented, showing remarkable improvement in
prediction using extended Gaussian Kriging over ordinary Kriging and several other metamodeling methods. 相似文献