立管系统中严重段塞流的一维瞬态模型

严重段塞流主要出现在下倾管段、紧接有一上倾管段或立管段的气、液两相混输海底管道中。根据严重段塞流形成的4个阶段,从一维瞬态流体力学方程出发,建立了一个简化的、准平衡态的严重段塞流数学模型,该模型考虑了流体的物性及流动瞬态效应,可对严重段塞长度、段塞周期、流动速度、压力等特性参数的变化进行模拟。与其他瞬态多相流模型相比,本文模型具有数学模型简单、计算效率高的特点。数值模拟结果表明:当管径较小时,无论介质是空气和水,还是空气和油,由本文模型计算得到的段塞周期和压力结果都与实验数据吻合较好;当管径较大时,若介质为空气和水,则本文模型计算结果与OLGA软件模拟结果较接近;若介质为石油和天然气,在模拟工况范围内,除了小气量工况下偏差较大外,本文模型计算结果与OLGA软件模拟结果相比,段塞周期偏差在25%以内,压力偏差在10%以内;此外,用本文模型计算液塞生长阶段时间t1比Saga-tun模型模拟结果更接近实测结果。     

永久式防倒灌隔水采油工艺在长庆油田的应用

长庆油田存在严重的套管腐蚀损坏,采取的主要治理措施是隔水采油工艺技术。原有隔水采油工艺存在隔采周期短、检泵时水层倒灌污染油层、多次隔采后坐封难度大等问题,为此,试验应用了永久式防倒灌隔水采油工艺。现场试验、应用表明,该工艺具有隔采成功率高、隔采周期长等优点,能有效防止检泵时上部水层倒灌污染油层,具有很好的应用价值和推广前景。     

隆德县大水沟饮水工程建设与管理措施分析

隆德县在大水沟农村饮水工程建设管理中，科学规划，优化设计方案，完善政策措施，创新管理体制和运行机制，尤其是用水户全过程参与工程建设管理、实行“两部制”水价、实施工程定期检查养护制度、建立工程管理单位目标责任考核制度、执行水费统一管理和提留统筹费等一系列做法．确保了国家投资效益的充分发挥和工程的可持续利用．     

全国农田水利建设先进县的经验与启示

针对农田水利建设下滑的被动局面，各地积极探索，从加强领导、拓宽投入渠道、创新体制和机制等方面积极采取措施，取得了很大成效。对国务院2006年表彰的100个全国农田水利建设先进县（市、区）中的35个县（市、区）进行了调研，总结了它们的主要做法、经验，提出农田水利建设先进县的三点启示。     

塔格糖制备方法研究进展

塔格糖是一种天然的低能量填充型甜味剂，并具有抑制高血糖、改善肠道菌群和不致龋齿等多种生理功效。目前主要通过生物和化学两种方法合成。     

The summary of researches on ADS in China

The conceptual study on the accelerator driven system (ADS) that lasted for about five years ended in 1999 in China. As one project of the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) in the energy domain, which is sponsored by the China Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), a five-year-program of fundamental research of ADS physics and related technology was launched in 2000 and passed national review at the end of 2005. The China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE), the Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), the Institute of Heavy Ion Physics in Peking University (PKU-IHIP) and other institutions jointly carried out the research. The research activities were focused on HPPA physics and technology, reactor physics of external source driven sub-critical assembly, nuclear data base and material study. For HPPA, a high current injector consisting of an ECR ion source, LEBT and an RFQ accelerating structure of 3.5 MeV was built. In reactor physics study, a series of neutron multiplication experimental study has been carried out and still being done. The VENUS facility has been constructed as the basic experimental platform for neutronics study in ADS blanket. It’s a zero power sub-critical neutron multiplying assembly driven by external neutron produced by a pulsed neutron generator. The theoretical, experimental and simulation study on nuclear data, material properties and nuclear fuel circulation related to ADS is carrying on to provide the database for ADS system analysis. The main results on ADS related researches will be reported.     

Dynamic fields generated by rapid crack growth

Stresses and strains near a rapidly propagating crack tip are affected by the mass density of the material. This paper starts with a brief summary of analytical results for near-tip dynamic fields as predicted by linear elastic fracture mechanics. Next, exact expressions are derived for dynamic crack-line strains, for mode-III crack propagation in a nonlinear elastic material and in an elastic perfectly-plastic material. These expressions are valid on the crack line from the moving crack tip to the moving boundary with the region of linearly elastic deformation. For steady-state crack growth, a critical strain criterion is used to compute the relation between external load and crack tip speed. The required external load increases with crack-tip speed.     

泡沫沥青混合料动态性能研究

为更好地模拟泡沫沥青混合料在车辆动载作用下的动态性能，便于与国外相关研究进行比较，采用劈裂法对混合料动态性能进行研究。通过试验研究骨料类型、级配、水泥用量等对泡沫沥青混合料动态回弹模量的影响，总结了泡沫沥青混合料动静模量的关系。     

大碎石柔性基层沥青性能分析

用沥青大碎石柔性基层对旧路面进行补强，可以有效地提高路面的使用性能，减少反射裂缝的产生，延长道路的使用寿命。对沥青大碎石柔性基层用加德士AH-70、SBS改性沥青和MAC改性沥青分别进行试验，通过试验结果和经济性能对比分析，找到适合此结构的最佳沥青。     

SAPO-34/SiO_2催化甲醇制烯烃

采用水热法合成了SAPO-34分子筛,并用X射线粉末衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜对SAPO-34分子筛的结构进行了表征,同时探讨了黏合剂种类、甲醇分压、催化剂粒径和硅源等对SAPO-34分子筛催化甲醇制烯烃(MTO)反应性能的影响。实验结果表明,在MTO反应中,三烯(乙烯、丙烯和丁烯)选择性在反应初期存在明显的诱导期;以S iO2为黏合剂合成的SAPO-34/S iO2催化剂不但可缩短MTO反应的诱导期,三烯选择性也较未添加黏合剂或以A l2O3为黏合剂时高1~2个百分点;且当催化剂活性明显下降时,三烯选择性下降的幅度较小。催化剂粒径、甲醇分压及硅源对催化剂的诱导期也有明显的作用。在甲醇分压低于19kPa、催化剂粒径0.25~0.38mm、S iO2为黏合剂、硅酸四乙酯为硅源时,SAPO-34/S iO2催化剂的MTO性能明显提高。