A simple photolithography method for microfluidic device fabrication using sunlight as UV source

A straightforward method for microfluidic devices fabrication using sunlight as the ultraviolet (UV) source is established in this work. This method is based on photolithography, but obviates the need for specialized UV exposure facility. Substrates coated with photoresist were placed directly under sun in a perpendicular direction to the sunlight for exposure. Exposure conditions were optimized for patterning features with different kinds of photoresist, photoresist of different thicknesses and dimensions. Exposure time can be adjusted to obtain designed features on a mask with good lateral structure according to the energy measured by UV meter (with a constant intensity of UV in sunlight). Masters produced under optimum exposure conditions were used for the fabrication of several microfluidic devices with different materials, structures, or functions. Resultant devices were shown eminently suitable for microfluidic applications such as electrophoretic separation, multiple gradient generator, and pneumatic valve-based cell culture. This photolithographic method is simple, low cost, easy to operate, and environmental friendly. Especially, the masters can be obtained in parallel simultaneously, which is suitable for chip fabrication for mass production. It is also more attractive for the laboratories, in which the support for photolithographic facility is not available.     

Scaling the formation of slug bubbles in microfluidic flow-focusing devices

The present study aims at scaling the formation of slug bubbles in flow-focusing microfluidic devices using a high-speed digital camera and a micro particle image velocimetry (μ-PIV) system. Experiments were conducted in two different polymethyl methacrylate square microchannels of respectively 600 × 600 and 400 × 400 μm. N₂ bubbles were generated in glycerol–water mixtures with several concentrations of surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate. The influence of gas and liquid flow rates, the viscosity of the liquid phase and the width of the microchannel on the bubble size were explored. The bubble size was correlated as a function of the width of the microchannel W _c, the ratio of the gas/liquid flow rates Q _g/Q _l and the liquid Reynolds number. During the pinch-off stage, the variation of the minimum width of the gaseous thread W _m with the remaining time could be scaled as _boxclose_boxclose ()^ - 0.15 (T - t)^1/3 . W_{\text{m}} \propto ({\frac{{Q_{\text{g}} }}{{Q_{\text{l}} }}})^{ - 0.15} (T - t)^{1/3} . The velocity fields in the liquid phase around the thread, determined by μ-PIV measurements, were obtained around a forming bubble to reveal the role of the liquid phase.     

复杂装备故障预测与健康管理系统初探

故障预测与健康管理(PHM)系统是新型维修保障模式—自主后勤保障的重要组成部分,对提高复杂装备的战备完好性和降低维修成本具有重要意义;首先介绍PHM系统基本概念及主要组成,并对在复杂装备全寿命周期实施PHM的必要性进行分析;综合论述了PHM系统实现中的关键支撑技术:基于RCM分析的方案设计、基于匹配度的健康状态评估和基于剩余寿命预测的维修决策;最后给出了PHM系统在无人机装备中的应用实例;国内外应用情况表明,PHM系统可显著提高维修保障效率并降低维修保障费用,可实现经济可承受性目标。     

复杂噪声下自行高炮通信系统语音信号检测方法研究

研究了在噪声环境下自行高炮通信系统语音信号的检测方法,提出了在高信噪比环境下采用短时平均幅度(AM)算法与短时平均幅度差(AMDF)算法检测相结合的二级判断法,在低信噪比的情况下采用短时高低频能量比的算法,实现语音信号在不同噪声环境下的检测;实验结果表明,高信噪比情况下二级判别法具有良好的语音识别效果,低信噪比情况下短时高低频能量比算法可以有效地检测出语音端点,避免切音现象;与传统语音检测算法相比,此方法不同信噪比状态下都具有较好的检测效果,体现出算法一定的优越性.     

一种面向AADL架构的模型测试方法

鉴于模型在软件系统开发中日趋重要的地位和AADL模型在嵌入式软件建模中的良好应用前景,为了在嵌入式软件系统开发前期保证AADL模型的质量,提出了一种基于模型测试的AADL架构验证方法;该方法应用马尔可夫链描述AADL架构的行为,然后根据得到的马尔可夫链模型以及系统设计要求标准生成相应的测试用例和测试预言,并通过测试用例执行输出和期望值的比较判断AADL模型的正确性,实现对系统AADL模型的测试;最后通过案例分析证明了该方法的有效性。     

机载激光荧光雷达油污染实时监测系统的软件开发

为了满足多通道激光荧光雷达油污染监测系统的研制需求,基于VC开发了一套应用软件用于实时油污染监测;通过分析软件功能模块,采用模块化软件设计和一些比较成熟的软件技术,降低了软件开发复杂度;利用NI公司TCIk同步技术实现多块采集卡同步;采用Windows多线程实现实时数据显示、存储与分析;同时利用ActiveX控件、基于COM的Matlab与VC混合编程完成了软件显示与处理模块的开发;软件应用结果表明,该软件运行稳定可靠,为溢油监测工作提供一个方便的集信息采集、处理和显示于一体的可视化软件平台,并对其它类似系统的软件开发具有一定的参考价值.     

压裂车组远程监控系统设计

针对野外油井压裂施工现场环境恶劣、高压作业的特点和压裂车组不能远程控制的现状,根据压裂施工对压裂车组的控制要求,采用Profibus-DP现场总线,传感器,西门子S7-300 PLC及其输入输出模块构成一套仪器车为主站,压裂车和混砂车为从站的远程监控系统,应用模块化方法设计编写程序,实现了对压裂车组油门、换档,熄火、超压保护、绞龙转速的远程控制和机车动态参数的监测;现场运行结果表明,数据传输稳定可靠,抗干扰能力强,控制效果良好,改善了操作人员的工作环境,降低了劳动强度,满足现场施工要求.     

复杂背景前下视机场的跑道检测

提出了针对复杂背景的从前下视角度航拍机场图像中自动检测机场跑道的方法;基于引力场的模型可以直接建立图像失配代价函数的梯度场;按照最优估计理论,只要在正确匹配位置的收敛域内,就可以沿最速下降路径找到正确匹配位置;基于计算机视觉和惯性导航的组合导航方案,通过借助惯性导航系统提供的机场预测位置可以减少Hough变换所需的时间,保证了实时性的要求;仿真试验表明这种方法对复杂背景、前下视角度的航拍机场图像能够快速准确地检测、定位机场主跑道.     

一种自动监测系统异构性解决方案

文章对空气质量自动监测系统的异构性问题进行了分析与研究,提出了＂抽象设备、映射数据、虚拟协议＂的解决方案,将物理设备屏蔽在驱动一级,将抽象设备屏蔽在转换程序一级,将数据按空气质量因子分类型打包传送到组态王对应的寄存器组,实现了不同数据接口、不同数据类型以及不同传送协议下的企业信息自动化。     

北斗双星／SINS组合导航中的捷联惯导算法研究

摘要针对北斗双星／SINS组合导航系统,研究了捷联惯导的姿态和速度更新算法。将等效旋转矢量算法应用与姿态解算,消除了传统的四元数算法存在的不可交换性误差对导航精度的影响,并对速度解算中的划浆误差进行了补偿。将算法应用到北斗双星／捷联惯导组合导航系统,通过实际的跑车实验验证算法的有效性。