Pore size control of porous silica by sol-gel process

Porous silica glass was prepared by sol-gel process from tetraethoxysilane (TEOS). The effects of solvents (water, ethanol), drying condition, heat treatment temperature on specific surface area and pore size distribution of porous silica were investigated. Gelation process accelerates with an increase of H₂O content, while retards with the increase of ethanol amount. Structure changes during heat treatment were studied by means of DTA, XRD. TEM micrographs show that the gel particles shrink after heated at 500°C, thus the average pore size decreases.     

The influence of the alloying elements upon the transformation kinetics and morphologies of ferrite plates in alloy steels

A series of Fe-C-X and Fe-C-X₁-X₂ alloys in which X, X₁ and X₂ either raise or depress the activity of C iny were investigated by autodilatometer, optical microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to reveal the relations among the chemical composition, transformation kinetics, and morphology of ferrite plates. The incubation time of austenite decomposition at the nose temperature in the time-temperature-transformation (TTT) diagrams, the concentration of C in y in contact with theα/gg boundary, and the growth rate of ferrite were evaluated to estimate the magnitude of the solute drag-like effect (SDLE) for the different alloying elements used. All the results are consistent qualitatively with the SDLE hypothesis. This article is based on a presentation made at the Pacific Rim Conference on the “Roles of Shear and Diffusion in the Formation of Plate-Shaped Transformation Products,” held December 18-22, 1992, in Kona, Hawaii, under the auspices of ASM INTERNATIONAL’S Phase Transformations Committee.     

椭球反射镜膜厚均匀性

本文分析了椭球反射镜膜层厚度均匀性对反射率的影响,从理论上得到膜厚计算公式。根据计算的膜厚分布设计了遮蔽板,获得较好的反射特性。     

石蜡光氯化合成氯蜡－70的研究──（Ⅲ）反应过程致色因素考察及生色机理研究

氯蜡－７０是—应用广泛、性能优良的精细化工产品，其色泽是—重要的技术指标，直接影响着产品的质量和应用。本文考察了合成反应过程导致生色的因素，指出原料中含有的少量环烷烃、芳烃、杂环有机物及少量无机杂质能影响产品的色泽，实验表明温度过高，光源波长选择不当也是致色的重要原因。研究了致色的过程，提出其生色历程是按照β－消除反应机理进行的，并做了具体描述。     

过共晶铝硅合金细化初晶硅的研究

研究了ZL8604过共晶铝硅合金初晶硅细化剂和加入方式与加入量以及影响细化效果的冶铸工艺因素,实验结果达到了技术指标要求。     

高温过热器12Cr2MoWVTib（102）钢管的显微组织和相结构分析

本文对原始状态和在火力发电厂使用不同时间的高这热器１０２钢管进行了显微组织和相结构变化规律的探讨和研究。显微组织研究表明，１０２钢管在高温高压下长期运行过程中，使用温度对显微组织和碳化物相有明显影响，而使用时间对其影响不如温度影响强烈。碳化物颗粒图象分析表明，碳化物随着使用时间缓慢长大，而新的碳化物不沉淀，使颗粒总数不断增加，颗粒，间距逐渐缩小。Ｘ射线衍射数据证明，钢管在高温长期使用过程中，ＭＣ相     

A study on the anodic protection of Titanium evaporators in Al2(SO4)3 solution

The feasibility of the anodic protection of titanium evaporators in Al₂(SO₄)₃ solution was studied by the measurement of polarization curves, weight loss, solubility of passive film and AC impedance. The protection parameters and efficiency were determined. In addition, the practical technology of anodic protection was studied by screening reference electrodes and auxiliary cathodes. Throwing power was also measured. Four rows of tube-type evaporators of titanium have been anodically protected in situ. Field tests lasting more than one year show satisfactory results.     

鄱阳湖流域水土保持与防洪治涝

鄱阳湖流域水土流失加剧了洪涝灾害。治理水土流失能增强山丘地涵养水源的能力,削洪减沙,减少库容损失,降低河床,具有明显的防洪效益。进行流域防洪规划时,应将防治水土流失与防洪治涝结合起来,因地制宣,综合治理。     

壳聚糖醇水分离膜的研究

本文制备了一系列不同脱乙酰度壳聚糖，研究了不同脱乙酰度聚糖膜的醇水分离性能，结果表明，随着脱乙酰度的增大，分离因子升高，渗透通量减小。当脱乙酰度大于９０％时，有较高的分离因子，符合单级分离要求。同时考察了料液浓度，料液温度等条件对壳聚糖膜醇水分离性能的影响，求得水和乙醇透过壳聚糖的表观活化能分别为：△Ｅｗ＝３２．６ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ，△Ｅｅ＝５７．２ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ。     

底敞口充气浮箱研究和试验

提出底敞口充气浮箱的结构和概念。经模型模拟试验研究分析，经典浮力定律可用于这种浮箱的浮力计算；其动充气状况还具有一定的允许伤损面积。它的研究将为水陆两用车辆增大浮力，缩小外形，提高水上自下而上能力和潜驶潜伏提供具有诱惑力的工程应用前景。