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51.
Young Cheol Ryu Tae Gun Kim Guem-Seok Seo Jin Hwan Park Cha Soo Suh Seong-Soo Park Seong-Soo Hong Gun Dae Lee 《Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry》2008,14(2):213-218
The TiO2/substrate pearlescent pigments were prepared by the hydrolysis of TiOCl2 on the substrate followed by a calcinations process. The natural mica (muscovite), synthetic mica (fluorophlogopite) and -alumina flake were selected as the substrates for pearlescent pigments. The effect of substrate on the anatase to rutile (A–R) phase transformation of TiO2 was studied. The A–R phase transformation of TiO2 during the preparation of pearlescent pigments and their proportion in the TiO2 layer have been analyzed by XRD measurements. The phase compositions of TiO2 layer in each pearlescent pigment are quite different depending on the substrates. The TiO2 layer deposited on -alumina has higher rutile fraction than those on the natural and synthetic mica. The XPS analysis showed that the cations originally present in the substrates diffused into the TiO2 layer. The TiO2 layer deposited on -alumina contains Al, while those on the natural and synthetic mica substrates contain Si and K in addition to Al. The metal cations diffusing from the substrate into TiO2 layer might retard the A–R phase transformation of TiO2. The suppressing effect on the A–R transformation of TiO2 by mixed cations seems to be much stronger than that of single cation, resulting in relatively higher rutile fraction in the case of TiO2 layer deposited on -alumina. 相似文献
52.
Kyoung-Im Cho Sang-Ho Koo Tae-Joon Cha Jung-Ho Heo Hyun-Su Kim Gee-Bum Jo Jae-Woo Lee 《International journal of molecular sciences》2014,15(8):14803-14818
Increased atrial oxidative stress has an important role in inducing and maintaining atrial fibrillation (AF), and the activation of the small GTPase Rac1 contributes to the oxidative stress. We investigated the relationship of Rac1, atrial endothelial thromboprotective markers and AF inducibility and if simvastatin has a potential beneficial effect on a myocardial infarction (MI)-induced heart failure (HF) rat model. Rats were randomized into three groups (shams, MI group and simvastatin treatment group) and underwent echocardiography, AF induction studies and left atrial (LA) fibrosis analysis. Atrial Rac 1, sodium calcium exchanger (INCX), sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were measured. AF inducibility, AF duration and LA fibrosis were significantly higher in the MI group (p < 0.001 vs. sham), which were significantly reduced by simvastatin (p < 0.05 vs. MI). The reduced expressions of atrial eNOS, SERCA, thrombomodulin, tissue factor pathway inhibitor and tissue plasminogen activator in the MI group were significantly improved by simvastatin. Furthermore, the increased expression of atrial iNOS, INCX and Rac1 activity were significantly decreased by the simvastatin. Oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and thrombogenicity are associated with the promotion of AF in a rat model of ischemic HF. These were associated with increased Rac1 activity, and simvastatin treatment prevents these changes. 相似文献
53.
Hyun?Tae?Jang Sang?Bum?KimEmail author Wang?Seog?Cha Sung?Chang?Hong Dong?Sup?Doh 《Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering》2003,20(1):138-144
The combustion characteristics of a mixture of anthracite and bituminous coal were studied in a 0.155 m i.d. fluidized bed
combustor (FBC). The properties of the pressure fluctuation for the bed such as the standard deviation, cross-correlation
function, dominant frequency and the power spectral density function were obtained through statistical analysis. To interpret
the combustion characteristics in the FBC with uniform or multi-sized particles of anthracitebituminous coal mixture, the
properties of pressure fluctuation were determined as a function of the particle size distribution and anthracite mixing fraction.
In the present work, it is known that the combustion region could be obtained from the analysis of pressure fluctuation properties,
and the mixed-firing of anthracite-bituminous coal is related to the reaction models of both coals and particle size distribution.
Moreover, the relation between coal size distribution and static mean pressure, and the ignition region could be obtained
from the mean pressure profile. 相似文献
54.
The effects of particle size of starting materials and amount of a BaTiO3 additive on the shrinkage behavior and elemental diffusion in Ni-based internal electrodes have been investigated in order to control the shrinkage of the internal electrode in multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs). Two kinds of Ni and BaTiO3 powders were used with different particle sizes. Volume shrinkage over the range of 700–1300 °C at 150 °C intervals and linear shrinkage during sintering were measured for starting materials and composites in a reducing atmosphere. The interfaces of Ni/BaTiO3 composites with 90:10 and 70:30 volume ratios, respectively, were investigated using TEM. Composites with bimodal Ni powder show less shrinkage than those with monomodal Ni powder, showing less shrinkage in monolith Ni of bimodal particle size. The shrinkage behavior is changed during sintering with increasing amounts of BaTiO3 additives in both Ni-based composites. The particle size of the BaTiO3 additive affects the shrinkage behavior of composites, without the additional amount affecting the final shrinkage. A reaction layer of about 300 nm wide is observed at the interface between the Ni and BaTiO3 powders in composites, in which elemental Ni diffuses into the BaTiO3 without counterdiffusion. 相似文献
55.
In this study an attempt was made to improve the rebound resilience and to decrease the density of ethylene‐vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) foam. For this purpose, EVA was blended with natural rubber (NR), and EVA/NR blends were foamed at 155°C, 160°C, and 165°C. To investigate the correlation between crosslinking behavior and physical properties of foams, crosslinking behavior of EVA/NR blends was monitored. The physical properties of the foams were then measured as a function of foaming temperatures and blend compositions: 165°C was found to be the optimal temperature for a crosslinking of EVA/NR foam. As a result, the density of EVA/NR blend foamed at 165°C was found to be the lowest. EVA/NR (90/10) blend, foamed at 165°C, showed lower density, better rebound resilience, and greater tear strength than EVA foam. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 2212–2216, 2004 相似文献
56.
Saturated fatty acids (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) show different effects on the development of insulin resistance.
In this study, we compared the effect of dietary SFA and MUFA on the insulin signaling pathway in the skeletal muscle of a
type 2 diabetic animal model. Twenty-nine-week-old male Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty (OLETF) rats were randomly divided
into three groups and fed one of the following diets for 3 weeks; a normal chow diet, an SFA (lard oil) enriched or a MUFA
(olive oil) enriched high-fat diet. The vastus lateralis muscle was used for analyses. Insulin tolerance test showed improved
insulin sensitivity in rats fed the MUFA diet, as compared to those fed the SFA diet (p < 0.001). The SFA diet reduced IRS-1 expression and phosphorylated PI3K levels in skeletal muscle, as compared with a chow
diet (p < 0.001, respectively). On the contrary, muscle IRS-2 expression and phosphorylated ERK1/2 was significantly increased in
rats fed the SFA diet (p < 0.001, respectively). Membrane translocation of glucose transporter type 4 decreased in the skeletal muscle of rats fed
the SFA diet, as compared to those fed a chow diet (p < 0.001). These changes in insulin signaling pathway in skeletal muscle were not observed in rats fed the MUFA diet. In conclusion,
the beneficial effect of dietary MUFA on insulin sensitivity is associated with a conserved IRS-1/PI3K insulin signaling pathway
which was altered by dietary SFA. 相似文献
57.
58.
59.
Wonbae Ahn Han Beom Jeong Jungyeop Oh Woonggi Hong Jun-Hwe Cha Hu Young Jeong Sung-Yool Choi 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2023,19(33):2300223
Memristors are drawing attention as neuromorphic hardware components because of their non-volatility and analog programmability. In particular, electrochemical metallization (ECM) memristors are extensively researched because of their linear conductance controllability. Two-dimensional materials as switching medium of ECM memristors give advantages of fast speed, low power consumption, and high switching uniformity. However, the multistate retention in the switching conductance range for the long-term reliable neuromorphic system has not been achieved using two-dimensional materials-based ECM memristors. In this study, the copper migration-controlled ECM memristor showing excellent multistate retention characteristics in the switching conductance range using molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) is proposed. The fabricated device exhibits gradual resistive switching with low switching voltage (<0.5 V), uniform switching (σ/µ ∼ 0.07), and a wide switching range (>12). Importantly, excellent reliabilities with robustness to cycling stress and retention over 104 s for more than 5-bit states in the switching conductance range are achieved. Moreover, the contribution of the Al2O3 layer to the retention characteristic is investigated through filament morphology observation using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and copper migration component analysis. This study provides a practical approach to developing highly reliable memristors with exceptional switching performance. 相似文献
60.
Yoon‐Suk Cho Kyung‐Jin Yeum Chung‐Yen Chen Giangiacomo Beretta Guangwen Tang Norman I Krinsky Sun Yoon Yang Cha Lee‐Kim Jeffrey B Blumberg Robert M Russell 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2007,87(6):1096-1107
The antioxidant activities of fruits (n = 21), vegetables (n = 67) and legumes (n = 7) commonly consumed in Korea were determined by both the lipophilic antioxidant performance assay (LAP) and the hydrophilic oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay (ORAC). The LAP assay used the lipophilic radical initiator MeO‐AMVN [2,2′‐azobis(4‐methoxy‐2,4‐dimethylvaleronitrile)] and the lipophilic probe BODIPY 581/591 [4,4‐difluoro‐5‐(4‐phenyl‐1,3‐butadienyl)‐4‐bora‐3a, 4a‐diaza‐s‐indacene‐3‐undecanoic acid]. The ORAC assay used the hydrophilic radical initiator AAPH [2,2′‐azobis(2‐amidinopropane) dihydrochloride] and the hydrophilic probe fluorescein. In addition, the lipid‐soluble phytonutrients, carotenoids and tocopherols were determined by a reverse‐phase HPLC system using a C30 column with a UV detector. The water‐soluble phytonutrient, ascorbic acid, was analyzed using an HPLC system with an electrochemical detector. Total phenols were determined by UV spectrophotometry. Tocopherols (r = 0.774, p < 0.0001) and carotenoids (r = 0.569, p < 0.0001) were significantly correlated with LAP in total samples (n = 95). ORAC was significantly correlated with total phenols (r = 0.893, p < 0.0001), but not with ascorbic acid (r = 0.009, p = 0.929) in total samples (n = 95). These data indicate that carotenoids and tocopherols and total phenols are the major contributors to the lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidant capacities, respectively. Therefore, the contribution of both the hydrophilic and lipophilic components of fruits and vegetables should be considered when determining the actual ‘total’ antioxidant activity of fruits and vegetables. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献