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991.
992.
AIM: To study the effect of nimodipine (Nim) on infectious brain edema (BE). METHODS: An infectious BE model was induced by injection of Bordetella pertussis suspension (BPS) into right internal carotid artery in rabbits. Eighteen rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 6). Group BE: BPS (0.6 mL.kg-1) was given; group NS: normal saline was given as control; group Nim: 10 min after injection of BPS, Nim, 10 micrograms.kg-1, was injected i.v. as a bolus followed by continuous infusion of 0.75 microgram.kg-1.min-1. All the rabbits were kept under observation for 4 h. Evans blue staining was assessed; water, calcium, calmodulin (Cal), and sodium contents were determined in the right brain. RESULTS: Nim vs BE: water 82.2 +/- 1.0% vs 84.4 +/- 1.2 (P < 0.01); calcium 10.5 +/- 1.3 mmol.kg-1 dry tissue vs 17.5 +/- 1.4 (P < 0.01); Cal 15.9 +/- 1.8 mumol.kg-1 wet tissue vs 24.0 +/- 3.0 (P < 0.01); sodium 173 +/- 7 mmol.kg-1 dry tissue vs 275 +/- 38 (P < 0.05). No significant difference for Evans blue staining between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Nim had beneficial effect on the infectious BE. 相似文献
993.
Synchronous fiber-optic CDMA using hard-limiter and BCH codes 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Jyh-Horng Wu Jingshown Wu 《Lightwave Technology, Journal of》1995,13(6):1169-1176
In this paper, synchronons code division multiple access (S/CDMA) for fiber-optic local area networks is considered. The performance of the fiber-optic S/CDMA network with negligible thermal and shot noises is interference limited. Here we derive the bit error rate of the S/CDMA system as a function of code length and number of active users, and the performance characteristics are also discussed. Furthermore, we analyze the performance of the fiber-optic S/CDMA system with an ideal optical hard-limiter, and the error probability with error control coding is also derived. In addition, the optimization between the S/CDMA and BCH codes of a constant bandwidth system is presented. The results show that by using an ideal hard-limiter in conjunction with BCH codes in this system, the influence of interference arising from other users can be greatly reduced, and the number of active users can also be increased significantly 相似文献
994.
We have made reasonably comprehensive measurements of action potential activity in the Aplysia californica abdominal ganglion to determine the amount of feedback the central nervous system (CNS) receives from a movement which it initiates. Voltage-sensitive dye measurements of action potential activity of cells in the ganglion were made during the gill-withdrawal reflex elicited by siphon stimulation. We compared recordings in two situations which differed dramatically in the amount the gill moved. In the control sea water, the gill withdrawal was normal; in low-Ca2+, high-Mg2+ sea water, the gill movement was blocked. Both the timing and the number of spikes of the individual neurons were similar in the two situations. Histograms of the summed spike activity versus time and histograms of the number of active neurons versus time in the two conditions were also similar. Finally, two numerical measures of trial-to-trial differences, a paired t-test and a measure we named fractional similarity, did not indicate larger differences between two trials in the different sea waters than two trials in the same sea water. Feedback from sensory neurons activated by the gill movement itself does not make a large contribution to the spike activity in the abdominal ganglion. Apparently the Aplysia CNS issues the command for the withdrawal and does not make adjustments for the magnitude of the actual withdrawal. It may not even receive the information necessary for such adjustments to be made. A second motivation for these experiments was to test whether removing the feedback might simplify the neuronal activity that occurs during the gill-withdrawal reflex. This did not occur. 相似文献
995.
996.
低噪声GaAs FET和功率GaAs FET经中子辐射都未发生致命性的通或断失效,直流偏置伏态下,其失效模式仅仅表现为源漏饱和电流IDSS的退化降低,据此提出了IDSS退化失效与快中子注量φn之间的解析关键式lny=a+blnφ。 相似文献
997.
The laser-induced thermal grating technique has been used to determine the thermal diffusivity of liquids and liquid mixtures. But the dynamic behaviour of the transient thermal grating has not yet been thoroughly investigated, and the systematic errors, which result from the departures from one-dimensional heat conduction, have scarcely been studied quantitatively. In this paper. a three-dimensional numerical simulation and results of the transient thermal grating technique are presented, which enable a good understanding of the dynamic behaviour of the transient thermal grating. The results of this simulation are important for the proper design of the experimental setup to keep the systematic errors for the diffusivity measurement small. Based on the simulation method, the systematic errors were analyzed quantitatively. Here, the following effects were studied: (I) sample thickness, (2) intersection angle, (3) absorption, (4) Gaussian beam intensity distribution and focusing of heating laser beam, and (5) heating pulse duration and laser power. This error analysis makes it possible to specify the criteria for optimum measuring conditions, to correct the measured thermal-diffusivity values for systematic errors, and to estimate the accuracy of the measurements. 相似文献
998.
Investigation of the reaction mechanism of chloromethane on ZSM5 is a new topic. In this work an in situ FTIR technique was employed to study the conversion processes of chloromethane, the active sites on HZSM5, and the desorption state of surface species. The catalytic conversion of chloromethane to higher hydrocarbons was also studied. It is demonstrated that chloromethane can be reversibly adsorbed on acidic sites of HZSM5 at room temperature. At 100°C chloromethane is irreversibly and dissociatively adsorbed on the strong acidic sites of HZSM5, on which surface methoxyl is formed as proved by infrared characteristic C-H stretchings of-CH3 at 2960 and 2870 cm–1. Alkoxyls are produced and adsorbed on the catalyst surface as characterized by the infrared absorption bands of -CH2-groups at 1460 and 2930 cm–1. At 100°C the adsorbed methoxyl and alkoxyls are the main surface species, and a small amount of aromatics might exist as detected by a characteristic absorption band at 1510 cm–1. Between 100 and 200°C the adsorbed surface methoxyl and alkoxyls are converted to aromatics, and the occupied OH groups partially appear. At temperature higher than 300°C the adsorbed aromatics are thermally desorbed into the gas phase. Aromatics and alkanes are the main products in catalytic conversion. These results reveal that the formation of aromatics from methoxyl and alkoxyls is easier than the desorption of aromatics from HZSM5 catalyst. An alkoxyl mechanism is proposed for the conversion of chloromethane on HZSM5 based upon the experimental results and the three assumptions: (a) The primary C-C bond is formed from surface methoxyl groups via the methoxyl group polarization and C-H bond weakening, (b) The adsorbed alkoxyls are converted to aromatics via hydrogen transfer and bond rearrangement similar to the conventional carbenium ion mechanism for the aromatization of olefins and alkanes on HZSM5. The hydrogen atoms from the aromatization stimulate the desorption of alkoxyls to alkanes. (c) At temperature higher than 300°C surface reactions and desorption of adsorbed species take place simultaneously, determining the product distribution in the catalytic conversion. 相似文献
999.
本文介绍 IBM-PC 系列机中的定时信息。进而介绍利用这些信息实现各类长、短定时间隔的编程技巧,并以实例说明之。 相似文献
1000.
研究了55SiMnVB弹簧钢板疲劳断口特征及裂扩展过程。结果表明,喷丸强化在表层产生的残余压应力可明显提高疲劳抗力,增强裂纹闭合效应,降低裂纹扩展速度。 相似文献