水泥稳定碎石基层施工中离析问题原因及防治

针对水泥稳定碎石基层施工过程中出现的集料离析现象，对其产生的原因进行了综合分析，并提出相应的防治措施，以便为今后该类施工提供参考和借鍪。     

采掘工作面发生冲击地压的尖点突变模型研究

根据煤层冲击地压的非稳定性问题,建立了煤层冲击地压的力学模型,采用非线性科学中的突变理论,对煤层变形失稳及冲击地压进行了突变理论分析,得出了煤层冲击地压发生的条件以及冲击地压发生时煤层变形的突跳量和所释放出来的能量表达式,其研究成果深化了对煤岩失稳和冲击地压发生机制的认识。     

塔式搅拌磨机高铬合金铸铁衬板的研制与应用

通过对材料成分、熔炼工艺、浇注工艺及热处理工艺的合理选择,制备出塔式搅拌磨机用高铬合金铸铁衬板,同时系统地对其硬度、冲击韧性、淬透性及耐磨性进行了研究.结果表明:通过材料成分及生产工艺的优化,可生产出硬度达HRC60以上、冲击韧性好、淬透性好的高铬铸铁衬板;其耐磨性是高铬铸铁Crl5的1.46倍、是高锰钢Mn13的2.11倍;性价比远高于同类进口产品,可取而代之并得到推广应用.     

叠堆式超磁致伸缩致动器的模型预测滑模控制

根据新型电液伺服阀的驱动要求,设计了叠堆式超磁致伸缩致动器(SGMA),为补偿其固有的非线性,提高位移输出精度,研究了SGMA的控制策略,并对控制策略进行了仿真和实验验证。首先,采用永磁体和GMM棒交替排布的结构形式设计了SGMA,有助于提高偏置磁场的均匀性;然后,根据SGMA的结构特点,将其视为多自由度振动系统,建立了系统的位移输出模型;接着,在输出模型的基础上,结合模型预测控制与滑模控制策略,设计了模型预测滑模控制器;最后,进行了控制策略仿真和实验验证。实验结果表明,模型预测滑模控制器能够实现SGMA的精密控制。在阶跃控制实验中,系统稳定时间低于1.5ms,无超调和稳态误差;在正弦控制实验中,系统最大控制误差约为0.83μm,相对值约为6.9%,证明了控制策略的有效性。     

水浸泡对碳纤维拉挤杆的水吸收与剪切强度影响

本文研究了东丽T700与国产碳纤维增强环氧树脂基拉挤杆在20℃和60℃蒸馏水浸泡下的水吸收与剪切性能变化。结果表明,随着温度升高,水扩散速率提高,且沿纤维方向的水扩散系数高于垂直方向。浸泡7d后,碳纤维拉挤杆的剪切强度均发生明显下降,但随着浸泡时间延长,20℃水浸泡试样的剪切强度反而有所上升,而60℃水浸泡试样的剪切强度继续缓慢下降。比较而言,国产碳纤维增强拉挤杆的剪切强度相对较高,界面粘结强度大,但耐水性能相对较差,浸泡后期的强度下降更为明显。     

A Nanochannel Platform for Single DNA Studies: From Crowding,Protein DNA Interaction,to Sequencing of Genomic Information

The study of nanochannel-confined DNA is important from biotechnological and biophysical points of view. We produce nanochannels in elastomer with soft lithography and proton beam writing. Issues concerning DNA confined in such quasi one-dimensional channels are discussed. We describe DNA stretching via the control of channel diameter and buffer conditions and how the extension can be interpreted with theory and computer simulation. We then discuss the conformation of nano-confined DNA crowded by neutral polymers and like-charged proteins. As an example of a protein that has an affinity to DNA, the effect of heat-stable nucleoid-structuring protein, H-NS, on the folding and compaction of DNA is reviewed. Compaction of DNA by eukaryotic protamine and unpacking of pre-compacted DNA through an increase in salt concentration are discussed. We review results obtained with a novel, cross-channel device that allows the monitoring of the dynamic, conformational response of DNA after exposure to a ligand or protein and/or a change in buffer conditions in situ. As a biotechnological application, linearization of DNA by bottlebrush coating with a polypeptide copolymer is discussed. It is demonstrated that large-scale genomic organization can be sequenced using single DNA molecules on an array of elastomeric nanochannels. Overall, our results show that the effects of ligands and proteins on the conformation, folding, and condensation of DNA are not only related to classical controlling factors, such as osmotic pressure, charge, and binding, but that the interplay with confinement in a nanospace is of paramount importance.     

Acrylate–vinylidene chloride copolymers derived from corresponding water‐borne latexes: Influence of acrylate units on their potential as heavy‐duty anticorrosive coating materials

A series of aqueous latexes with solid contents of 56%–59% were synthesized by binary emulsion copolymerization of vinylidene chloride (VDC) with an acrylate, namely methyl acrylate (MA), ethyl acrylate (EA), butyl acrylate (BA), hexyl acrylate (HA), or 2‐ethylhexyl acrylate (EHA). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed that the acrylate units with short ester side‐chains, such as MA and EA, made the copolymers hard and the crystallization tendency of their PVDC segments was reduced. Hydrophobic acrylates with relatively long ester groups, such as HA and EHA, gave flexible copolymers, and favored the crystallization of their PVDC segments. BA endowed the copolymers with medium flexibility and crystallization tendency. As coating materials, the copolymers bearing MA and EA adhered poorly to the tinplate before or after 100 hr of salt‐spray corrosion, whereas those bearing BA, HA, or EHA showed good adhesion to tinplate when they had little or no crystallinity. After 100 hr of salt‐spray corrosion, only BA–VDC80, containing 80% VDC, retained both excellent adhesion to metal and excellent barrier performance. Further study demonstrated that BA–VDC80 could protect tinplate from rusting for at least 250 hr under harsh salt‐spray corrosion. Scanning electron microscopy, FTIR‐attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy and DSC were used to evaluate the corroded BA–VDC80 film. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40192.     

等离子涂层孔隙研究进展

总结了等离子涂层孔隙形成原因,孔隙率的测试,孔隙率对涂层弹性模量、热导率、残余应力的影响;介绍了喷涂工艺参数对孔隙率影响及涂层形成过程的数值模拟.目前主要以涂层的孔隙率作为研究重点,但孔隙率仅代表了涂层的密实程度,应进一步研究等离子涂层中孔隙的形状、大小及其对涂层性能的影响以及影响涂层孔隙结构的主要工艺参数.     

改善供用电可靠性的新型停电保险机制

传统的可靠性管理方式由于缺乏用户需求信息和经济激励,导致可靠性建设具有一定的盲目性和滞后性。为了更好地管理供用电可靠性以降低停电损失,文中提出了新型停电保险机制,论述了引入停电保险的可行性,根据经济性和可靠性指标对负荷点进行停电风险等级和风险群的划分,提出了合理厘定保险费率的方法,同时分析了用户投保的方式、理赔方案及其在投保过程中的决策行为,并探讨了保险方关于可靠性管理的行为方式和风险决策模型。数值分析表明,输配电公司可以通过停电保险分析用户可靠性需求信息,更经济地对用户用电面临的不确定性进行层次化管理,提高了全社会的用电效益。     

CAMCAD在SMT过程中的应用

CAMCAD是用来做计算机辅助制造、测试支持和可制造性设计的数据准备工作站。它建立起CAD设计系统和自动化组装设备之间的有机联系。CAMCAD能将ECAD数据转换成众多的PCB制造格式,同时还提供全局浏览、测量、查询、打印、编辑功能以及对物料表(BOM)的支持和整合。文中对这个软件的一些基本功能进行介绍,如文件的输入与输出等。