A modeling approach to describe ZVI-based anaerobic system

Zero-valent iron (ZVI) is increasingly being added into anaerobic reactors to enhance the biological conversion of various less biodegradable pollutants (LBPs). Our study aimed to establish a new structure model based on the Anaerobic Digestion Model No. 1 (ADM1) to simulate such a ZVI-based anaerobic reactor. Three new processes, i.e., electron release from ZVI corrosion, H₂ formation from ZVI corrosion_, and transformation of LBPs, were integrated into ADM1. The established model was calibrated and tested using the experimental data from one published study, and validated using the data from another work. A good relationship between the predicted and measured results indicates that the proposed model was appropriate to describe the performance of the ZVI-based anaerobic system. Our model could provide more precise strategies for the design, development, and application of anaerobic systems especially for treating various LBPs-containing wastewaters.     

论提高监理队伍素质应采取的措施

以提高职工队伍素质为目的,对当前企业、行业中职工队伍素质存在的问题进行了分析,提出了全面提高职工队伍的思想、业务素质,建立完善的激励和约束机制等措施,从而促进整个企业、行业的发展与进步。     

我国素质教育模式下的中小学校园空间设计浅析

相对于过去的应试教育,素质教育是依据人的发展和社会发展的实际需要而产生的。总体而言,目前我国中小学校园规划、建筑设计理念、设计标准是与传统教育的以“教师为中心”、“编班授课”特征相匹配的,不能完全满足素质教育的要求。要创造适合素质教育的校园环境,就必须探讨素质教育对中小学校园外部及内部空间设计过程中的促进与影响。     

道路有机硅密封胶的性能评价与技术要求

为了评价道路有机硅密封胶的性能,分析了国内外的各种技术标准,根据路用性能要求,提出了表干时间、固化时间、流平性、流值、弹性(复原)率以及低温拉伸这6个评价指标.分别对4种有机硅密封胶(2种进口材料和2种国产材料)进行试验,试验证实这些材料均为自流平材料,表干时间不超过90 min,固化时间为2～3周,弹性(复原)率均超过90％,90℃流值均为0 mm,-30℃下至少可通过100％拉伸量的3次循环.结果表明:有机硅密封胶是高弹性材料,具有开放交通快、施工方便等优点,且具有优越的高低温性能.另外还根据试验结果提出了相应的技术要求.     

钢管混凝土柱局部承压下的有限元分析

在理论分析的基础上,采用有限元软件ANSYS对钢管混凝土柱局部承压的力学性能和工作机理进行分析.观察并研究了钢管混凝土短柱在轴心压力作用下纵向力与纵向应变关系、破坏机理等,发现钢管混凝土的外钢管对混凝土有明显的约束作用,可提高整体的局部承压强度.     

Lead and cadmium in teeth,bone and kidneys of rats with a standard Pb‐Cd supply

Male Wistar rats received a combination of 25 ppm PbCl₂ and 5 ppm CdCl₂ in drinking water at different developmental stages. Pb and Cd levels of incisors, molars, epiphyses, diaphyses and kidney cortex were recorded by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results confirmed that Pb has an affinity for hard tissue and especially to teeth, but it also accumulated in soft tissues under the above conditions. In addition, the results indicated none or only a moderate placental or mammary barrier for Pb, and suggested a high absorption of lead from the intestine of sucklings. The results also confirmed that kidney cortex is a primary target for Cd, and indicated that Cd has crossed the placental and mammary barriers to some degree. The positive significant correlation between Cd levels in molars and kidney cortex suggested that rodent molars indicate a degree of Cd absorption, whereas incisors do not. It is supposed that rodent molars are comparable to human deciduous teeth. It is thus confirmed that human deciduous teeth indicate previous lead exposure. It is further inferred that they also can be used as indicators of previous Cd‐exposures.