Mineralogy of clean coal combustion by-products

Coal combustion technologies are changing in order to burn coal more cleanly. Many “clean combustion“ and postcombustion technologies are developed to remove SO2 and NOx gases, particulate matter during combustion, or from the flue gases leaving the furnace. This paper focuses on three types of fly ash (flue gas desulfurization (FGD) residuals, atmospheric fluidized bed combustion (AFBC) residuals and sorbent duct injection (SDI) residuals) which produced by “the clean combustion“ and postcombustion technologies. The residuals formed by FGD are PCFA (pulverized coal fly ash) grains entrained with reacted and unreacted sorbent and have lower bulk densities than PCFA grains because it contains higher concentrations of calcium and sulfur, and lower concentrations of silicon, aluminum and iron than PCFAs. AFBC residuals consist of spent bed which is a heterogeneous mixture of coarse-grained bed material and irregularly shaped, unfused, spherical PCFAs. The main crystalline phases in AFBC residuals are anhydrite (reacted sorbent), quartz and lime (unreacted sobent), calcite, hematite, periclase, magnetite and feldspars.The residuals produced by SDI contained 65%-70% PCFA with the larger sizes material being irregularly shaped, fused or roughedged. The reaction products of sorbent (portlandite and lime) included calcium sulfate (anhydrite) and calcium sulfate. The chemical properties of these residuals are similar to those of high calcium PCFAs because of the high alkalinity and high pH of these residuals.     

语言工具书法律术语释义辨析

汉语言文字既是语言学的研究对象,又是法律的规范领域(我国于2000年制定了《通用 语言文字法》)。语言工具书的质量应当引起语言学和法学的双重关注。以发行量极大、流行 范围极广的《现代汉语词典》为例,现行语言工具书对法律术语的释义存在着诸多常识性错误, 这些错误对读者构成法学知识和法律观念传递的障碍。本文以三组作为法律基本要素和法学 核心范畴的法律术语为例,对语言工具书的释义进行辨析,并提出修改建议。     

高校教师人事制度改革的非正式制度分析

我国正全面展开的高校教师聘任制是从国外移植过来的正式制度 ,其效用的发挥必须依靠能与之相容的非正式制度的支撑。非正式制度有自发性变迁缓慢的特点 ,因此必须对我国高校教师人事管理中的现存非正式制度进行分析 ,促进非正式制度建设 ,全面推行高校教师聘任制。     

对项目管理概念的延伸思考

通过回顾项目管理发展的历程，论述了信息经济时代下项目管理自身的性质，对项目和项目管理概念的拓宽与延伸进行了思考，并据此对项目管理的发展趋势做出初步探讨．     

苯乙烯在三氯化铁/联吡啶/1-溴乙基苯催化体系中聚合

用三氯化铁-2,2'-联吡啶-1-嗅乙基苯催化聚合苯乙烯,研究了聚合反应条件对聚合的影响,三氯化铁/2,2'-联吡啶/1-溴乙基苯摩尔比对聚合的影响,用凝胶渗透色谱研究了分子量和分子量分布。     

π网络石英晶片自动分选机测控系统设计

石英晶片自动分选机的设计对提高国内石英晶片测试行业水平具有重要的实用价值.测控系统采用π网络零相位技术,主要由计算机、信号发生器、π网络和控制电路等组成.实验结果表明,系统测试频率范围为1 MHz～60 MHz,中心频率附近分选一致性高达80%,主要性能指标优于国内普遍采用的振荡器测试系统和阻抗计测试系统,并能有效地测试寄生谐振频率.     

Internet的定价研究

Internet作为一个半公共物品被广泛应用于许多领域，一直面临如何有效对Internet进行定价的问题．提出了Internet定价中存在的问题，分析了定价机制，并尝试性地给出了一个定价模型．Internet定价是一个动态过程，定价依赖于使用者的类型、使用时间和网上阻塞情况。     

铅钙合金浇铸系统的机-电-液一体化设计

讨论了铅钙合金浇铸系统机械、液压与电器控制构成、工作原理及设计特点。     

Thermal characterization of gallium arsenic nitride epilayer on gallium arsenide substrate using pulsed photothermal reflectance technique

Thermal conductivity of gallium arsenic nitride (GaAsN) epilayer on gallium arsenide (GaAs) substrate prepared by molecular beam epitaxy technique was measured using pulsed photothermal reflectance technique. Three-layer model incorporated thermal boundary resistance was applied to extract the thermal properties from the sample's photothermal response. Within the thickness ranging from 20 to 80 nm, no thickness dependent relationship with thermal conductivity of GaAsN epilayer was found, and the average thermal conductivity is approximately 27 W/mK at room temperature. The thermal boundary resistance at the Au/GaAsN interface is in the order of 10⁻⁸ m²K/W.     

Characterization of PdAg/Al2O3 composite membrane by electroless co-deposition

In this work, PdAg/Al₂O₃ composite membranes prepared by electroless co-deposition technique have been studied. Effects of plating time, Ag composition and total concentration of metal ions on surface morphologies, composition and microstructure of the resulting layers were investigated. Scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometer and nitrogen permeation technique were used to characterize the as-prepared composite membranes. From the experimental results, it shows that the surface morphology of the deposited PdAg layer is strongly affected by the Ag content of the plating bath. Since large differences of deposition rates and growth modes are observed between Pd and Ag grains, the PdAg layer exhibits the dendritic structure. As the Ag content is approximately 50%, the dendritic structured PdAg layer reveals the largest nitrogen permeability with the smallest size of residual pores. Furthermore, a comprehensive electrochemical analysis is proposed to interpret the composition and structure of the PdAg layer. Eventually, the experimental results are quite consistent with those predicted from the electrochemical analysis.