含杂质流体的流量测量

结合工程实例.介绍了几种实用的含杂质流体的流量测量方案,供自动化仪表设计及维堆护人员参考。     

Two-dimensional pentagon quasicrystal in an Al-Co-Ni-Tb alloy obtained by quenching under high static pressure

A transmission electron microscopy study of quasicrystals was carried out in Al-Co-Ni-Tb alloy which was obtained by quenching under high static pressure and a new two-dimensional pentagonal quasicrystal was discovered. An unique five-fold axis is observed in its diffraction patterns and the periodicity along the five-fold axis is 0.4 nm. Another feature of the pentagonal phase is that no extinction exists in the diffraction patterns along the direction perpendicular to the five-fold axis. A comparison of the high resolution electron microscopy images of the pentagonal phase and the decagonal quasicrystal is given. The effect of high pressure is discussed.     

管内含蜡原油降温过程中的放热问题

利用两种管段和两种原油，进行了降温过程自然对流放热参数的测试和研究。采用滞流点确定降温第二阶段中凝油边界的移动，区分管内的对流区与导热区。由实验数据回归得到适用于含蜡原油降温过程的自然对流放热准则方程式。用该方程式计算的自然对流放热系数值比按无限空间自然对流准则方程式计算值小20％～50％。     

离体肾脏保存实验研究

本文讨论离体肾脏生存机理研究的意义和方法，研制,成功的一种携带式快速和精确控制保存环境温度的脉动灌流型人工生命维持系统，采用微处理器进行实时数据采集，处理和非线性多模式采样控制，用以维持设定的环境参数和维持最佳生存条件，本文是采用猪肾为实验材料，进行多例离体猪肾的保存实验，研究有关环境参数和保养液成分对保存效果的影响，取得良好结果，实验性猪同种异体移植亦已获得初成成功。     

建立数据库用微机进行钻井液设计

为了更好地指导现场钻井液施工,利用微机建立有关数据库和相应的设计软件,根据地质、工程的要求和井下情况进行钻井液设计,其特点是资料全面、程序运行可靠且操作简便,设计符合现场情况,施工顺利。在千12区块,用微机设计的109口井与人工设计的75口井相比,钻井速度提高,井下复杂情况减少,提高了经济效益。     

钇铁石榴石薄膜材料的光吸收谱及Bi,Al掺入对谱的影响研究

采用单离子晶场跃迁模型，拟合出钇铁石榴石（ＹＩＧ）薄膜材料的光吸收谱，与实验谱吻合得较好。从实验和理论上分析了（ＢＩＡＩ）ＹＩＧ 薄膜材料的光吸收谱，结果表明，Ａｌ３＋离子的作用如同稀释剂一样，减小了光吸收，Ｂｉ３＋离子由于其强的自旋轨道耦合作用，增大了跃迁振子强度和跃迁线宽，从而增大了光吸收损耗，在此基础上所作的（ＢｉＡｌ）ＹＩＧ的理论谱与实验谱符合得较好。     

Effect of postischemic reperfusion on microcirculation and lipid metabolism of skeletal muscle

To study the effect of ischemia reperfusion injury on microvascular reactivity and tissue metabolism in skeletal muscle, a Sprague-Dawley rat cremaster muscle was prepared as a tourniquet ischemia model and subjected to 2 hr ischemia followed by 1 hr reperfusion to simulate the timing of ischemia during microvascular surgery. The dose-response curve of arteriolar reactivity to norepinephrine, lipid peroxidation, and ultrastructure of capillaries was determined in both the control and postischemic reperfusion stages. Judging from the results, we summarize our observations as follows: (1) Postischemic reperfusion significantly increased arteriolar reactivity to norepinephrine, in which the EC50 for vasoconstriction decreased in all three orders of arterioles. These results suggest that reperfusion could have impaired the vasodilation control mechanism, possibly being endothelium dependent. (2) Lipid peroxidation increased sixfold in the reperfusion group, suggesting that oxygen free radicals have produced significant tissue damage under the created conditions. (3) Significant endothelial damage in the capillaries shown by electron microscope observation supports these studies, indicating that ischemia/reperfusion in clinically transplanted skeletal muscles could cause significant damage to the tissue microcirculation both physiologically and metabolically.     

Resistance to atracurium in rats with experimental inflammation: role of protein binding

The influence of altered protein binding on the neuromuscular effect of atracurium has been studied in rats with experimental inflammation induced by subcutaneous injection of turpentine oil. Doses of atracurium ranging from 0.45 to 1.5 mg.kg-1 were administered to control (n = 30) and to experimental inflammation induced rats (n = 30). Neuromuscular transmission was monitored by recording the twitch tension of the tibialis-anterior muscle elicited by stimulation of the sciatic nerve. Three effect parameters were recorded: (i) intensity of the effect, measured as percentage depression of baseline twitch tension, (ii) duration of drug action (min) and (iii) recovery time (min). The dose-intensity of the effect relationship was modelled using a sigmoid Emax model. The ED50 (effective dose eliciting 50% of the maximum effect) was significantly increased (P < 0.01) in the inflammation group as compared to the control group (0.94 vs. 0.68 mg.kg-1). This change was reflected in a shift of the dose-response curve to the right in the pretreated rats. For equipotent doses ED95 (defined as the effective dose eliciting 95% of maximum effect), no differences were found in recovery time and duration of action between the two groups of rats. Mucoproteins levels (index of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) and protein binding were significantly increased in rats with experimental inflammation as compared to control rats. Based on these results, altered serum protein binding of atracurium appears to be responsible, at least in part, for the resistance to atracurium.