容器焊缝错边残余应力与载荷应力的测定研究

本文对焊接容器错边和不错边的焊接接头进行了电测法的残余应力测试，确定了焊接残余应力的大小及方向，并在加载的条件下，对各焊接接头测点进行了综合应力测试，并给出了受载条件下的应力分布。     

Insights into the intrinsic interaction between series of C1 molecules and surface of NiO oxygen carriers involved in chemical looping processes

Understanding and modulating the interaction between various reactive molecules and oxygen carriers are the key issue to achieve process intensification of chemical looping technology. C1 chemical molecules play an important role in many reactions involved with chemical looping processes. However, up to now, there is still a lack of systematic and in-depth understanding of the adsorption mechanism of C1 molecules on the surface of oxygen carriers (OCs). In this work, the intrinsic interaction between a series of C1 molecules composed of CH₄, CO, CO₂, CH₃OH, HCHO and HCOOH and surface of NiO OCs in the chemical looping process have been studied using density functional theory calculations. Various adsorption configurations of C1 molecules and also different adsorption sites of NiO have been considered. The structural features of stable configuration of C1 molecules on the surface of NiO OCs have been obtained. Further, the interacted sites, types and strengths of C1 molecules on the surface of NiO have been directly pictured by the independent gradient model methods. Also, the nature of the interaction between C1 molecule and NiO surface has been investigated with the aid of energy decomposition analysis from a quantitative view.     

淀粉丙烯酸接枝共聚吸水性树脂的研究进展

基于淀粉丙烯酸接枝共聚作为吸水性树脂具有环保和可生物降解的优良特性 ,目前 ,人们普遍关注的是如何提高其吸水性 ,抗温性 ,控制水份释放 ,压力下保水 ,以及电解液的吸收等。这些特性的改进将使产品的用途更为广泛 ,可以预见 ,淀粉丙烯酸接枝共聚作为吸水性树脂具有广阔的应用和发展前景。     

含水量对渠道保温板保温耐久性的影响及保温板厚度设计

北方渠道大多使用保温板防止混凝土衬砌受冻胀破坏。在计算保温板厚度时为了降低成本,容易忽略保温板使用过程中受各种因素的影响导致保温效果变差的情况,使混凝土衬砌达不到设计使用年限便提前被破坏。内蒙古河套灌区试验结果表明,由于受酸雨、冻融作用、含水量等因素的影响,保温板保温效果平均每年降低0.9℃,其中受含水量变化的影响最大。经试验测得:聚苯乙烯保温板(EPS)含水量每增加1%,会导致导热系数增大5%。基于多层材料串联热阻叠加原理和热阻等效原理,对保温板厚度计算公式进行完善,并提出相应的铺设方法和施工技术要求。该设计对保温板在季节性冻土区的推广应用具有一定参考价值。     

实施国库集中支付制度存在问题与建议

按照财政部国库管理制度改革统一要求，鄂尔多斯市开展了国库集中支付试点工作。运行过程中，一些阻碍改革运行的问题引起笔者的思考。文中介绍了笔者当地实施改革试点存在的突出问题，如电脑网络不完善情况下国库集中支付操作难以运行、预算编制不能满足国库支付的基本要求、国库支付系统与银行业务收支不兼容、财政收支进度不一致、财政财力供给不足给集中支付造成瓶颈制约、政策法规出台滞后、改革现行的财政支出管理体系阻力很大、政府采购项目及资金审批程序不规范等。笔者并结合问题大胆提出了自己对推进的改革的措施和建议，即加强组织领导、强化理论学习借鉴、彻底清理银行账户、加强网络建设、制定切实可行的改革方案及配套办法、加快行政审批服务制度的改革、改革传统发放工资制度、进一步规范政府采购制度。     

Tri-pyramid Robot: Design and kinematic analysis of a 3-DOF translational parallel manipulator

3-DOF translational parallel manipulators have been developed in many different forms, but they still have respective disadvantages in different applications. To overcome their disadvantages, the structure and constraint design of a 3-DOF translational parallel manipulator is presented and named the Tri-pyramid Robot. In the constraint design of the presented manipulator, a conical displacement subset is defined based on displacement group theory. A triangular pyramidal constraint is presented and applied in the constraint designs between the manipulator?s subchains. The structural properties including the decoupled motions, overconstraint elimination, singularity free workspace, fixed actuators and isotropic configuration are analyzed and compared to existing structures. The Tri-pyramid Robot is constrained and realized by a minimal number of 1-DOF joints. The kinematic position solutions, workspace with variation of structural parameters, Jacobian matrix, isotropic and dexterity analysis are performed and evaluated in the numerical simulations.     

Study of miscibility,crystallization, mechanical properties,and thermal stability of blends of poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) and poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐4‐hydroxybutyrate)

Natural amorphous polymer poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐4‐hydroxybutyrate) (P3HB4HB) containing 41 mol % of 4HB was blended with poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) with an aim to improve the properties of PHB. The influence of P3HB4HB contents on thermal and mechanical properties of the blends was evaluated with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, stress–strain measurement and thermo gravimetric analyzer. Miscibility of PHB/P3HB4HB blends was mainly decided by the contents of P3HB4HB. When P3HB4HB exceeded 50 wt %, the two polymer phases separated and showed immiscibility. The addition of P3HB4HB did not alter the crystallinity of PHB, yet it diluted the PHB crystalline phase as revealed by DSC studies. DSC and FTIR results showed that the overall crystallinity of the blends decreased remarkably with increasing of P3HB4HB contents. Decreased glass transition temperature and crystallinity imparted desired flexibility for the blends. The ductility of the blends increased progressively with increasing of P3HB4HB content. Thus, the PHB mechanical properties can be modulated by changing the blend composition. P3HB4HB did not significantly improve the thermal stability of PHB, yet it is possible to melt process PHB without much molecular weights loss via blending it with suitable amounts of P3HB4HB. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

New approach for the preparation of nanoporous polyorganosilicate low‐k films

The distribution of pores and the mechanical properties of materials are the key factors in preparing satisfactory low‐k films. In the present study, a kind of silsesquioxane‐polyethylene glycol (SSQ‐PEG) was synthesized and used as a template to make the distribution of pores more even in the low‐k films. The crosslinking density of films could be adjusted by the sol‐gel of tetramethoxysilane/dimethoxydimethylsilane with various proportions. The porosity of films could also be adjusted with different proportions of pendant PEG chains introduced. A dielectric constant as low as 2.1 had been achieved for nanoporous polyorganosilicate films with good tenacity. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 1238–1243, 2007     

新型带锈防锈涂料的施工技术及应用

介绍了ZY系列带锈防锈漆的性能、施工技术及应用实例。     

Time dependences of conduction and self‐heating in acetylene carbon black‐filled high‐density polyethylene composites

The time dependences of electrical conduction and self‐heating behaviors in high‐density polyethylene filled with acetylene carbon black of 0.082 in volume fraction are studied in relation to voltage and ambient temperature. The characteristic decay current constant τ_i, and the exponential growth time constant for self‐heating τ_g are determined for the samples under voltages U above the critical value U_c for the onset of self‐heating. The influences of voltage and ambient temperature on τ_i and τ_g as well as the amplitude of the low‐resistance to high‐resistance switching are discussed on the basis of the random resistor network (RRN) model and the relationship between U_c and the intrinsic resistivity. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 99: 1124–1131, 2006