地磁场在缺陷微磁检测中的作用分析

地磁场在缺陷微磁检测中的作用是实现微磁检测定量化的理论基础;通过微磁学理论分析地磁场反复磁化铁磁性物质的物理过程,由于磁畴壁的移动,在缺陷区产生固定磁畴结点,固定磁畴结点内的磁场在缺陷处发生泄漏,形成可识别的缺陷信号,固定磁畴结点一旦产生其磁场强度远大于地磁场,地磁场对缺陷微磁检测的影响只会改变检测信号的幅值,不会改变缺陷信号的特征,揭示了缺陷磁场失而复得的原因,同时实验验证了地磁场在应力致磁效应中起到偏置磁场的作用,为在役设备微磁检测奠定了理论基础。     

Detection of urinary biomarkers for early diagnosis of acute renal allograft rejection by proteomic analysis

Acute allograft rejection has been recognized as a major impediment to improved success in renal transplantation. Timely detection and control of rejection are very important for the improvement in long-term renal allograft survival. Thus, biomarkers for early diagnosis of acute rejection are required urgently to clinical medication. This study seeks to search for such biomarker candidates by comparing patients' pre-treatment urinary protein profiling with their post-treatment urinary protein profiling. A total of 15 significantly and consistently down-regulated protein candidates were identified. Among them, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin precursor (AACT), tumor rejection antigen gp96 (GP96) and Zn-Alpha-2-Glycoprotein (ZAG) were selected for further analysis. The results indicated that Western Blot assay of AACT, GP96 and ZAG had advanced the diagnosis time of acute renal rejection by 3 days, compared with current standard clinical observation and laboratory examination. Furthermore, the double-blind detection revealed that the accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis of acute renal rejection of AACT, GP96 and ZAG were 66.67%/100%/60%, 83.33%/100%/80% and 66.67%/100%/60%, respectively, and 100%/100%/100% in combination. In conclusion, urinary protein AACT, GP96 and ZAG could be a set of potential biomarkers for early non-invasive diagnosis of the acute rejection after renal transplantation.     

基于组织结构的纺织品各向异性建模方法

纺织面料的物理仿真将虚拟现实与纺织CAD相结合,是虚拟服装与试衣系统研究的一项关键技术,纺织品建模也是纺织品真实感模拟的基础及关键工作.在基于物理的粒子系统的基础上,提出各向异性的建模方式.根据织物面料的不同组织方式进行分析,对其进行经纬方向的分离建模.仿真过程分为初始过程的刚性物体模拟和接近平衡时的柔性物质模拟两大步骤.为了在产生逼真表现效果的同时兼顾计算复杂性,构模时引入多分辨率模型.     

基于偏振不敏感超材料的全光可调谐太赫兹慢光效应研究

太赫兹(terahertz,THz) 慢光效应可以有效地提升THz脉冲数据传输的安全性和存储性,而一般THz慢光器件对入射THz波偏振态变化敏感。本文设计了一种超材料结构,其微结构单元由一个十字型谐振器和4个U型谐振器构成。研究表明:基于超材料的THz慢光效应对线偏振光和圆偏振光均不敏感。通过对超材料结构的参数优化,获得到了最大群折射率为1 618的慢光效应。另外,本文在超材料微结构层和SiO₂衬底之间嵌入了一层二硫化钼(MoS₂)薄膜,当MoS₂的载流子浓度从1.7×10¹⁷ cm-3增大到5.1×10¹⁹ cm-3时,群折射率从1 566减小到26。实现了偏振不敏感全光可调谐的THz慢光效应。该研究有望为偏振不敏感和全光可调谐的THz慢光器件设计提供崭新的研究思路。     

Photomultiplication-Type Organic Photodetectors with High EQE-Bandwidth Product by Introducing a Perovskite Quantum Dot Interlayer

A photomultiplication (PM)-type organic photodetector (OPD) that exploits the ionic motion in CsPbI₃ perovskite quantum dots (QDs) is demonstrated. The device uses a QD monolayer as a PM-inducing interlayer and a donor–acceptor bulk heterojunction (BHJ) layer as a photoactive layer. When the device is illuminated, negative ions in the CsPbI₃ QD migrate and accumulate near the interface between the QDs and the electrode; these processes induce hole injection from the electrode and yield the PM phenomenon with an external quantum efficiency (EQE) >2000% at a 3 V applied bias. It is confirmed that the ionic motion of the CsPbI₃ QDs can induce a shift in the work function of the QD/electrode interface and that the dynamics of ionic motion determines the response speed of the device. The PM OPD showed a large EQE-bandwidth product >10⁶ Hz with a −3 dB frequency of 125 kHz at 3 V, which is one of the highest response speeds reported for a PM OPD. The PM-inducing strategy that exploits ionic motion of the interlayer is a potential approach to achieving high-efficiency PM OPDs.     

Plasmon-Assisted Self-Encrypted All-Optical Memory

All-optical responsive nanomaterials, which can rapidly switch between two stable states, have been regarded as the next-generation memories due to their potential to realize binary information storage and implement on-chip, integrated photonic neuromorphic systems. Rare earth oxides are preeminent candidates owing to their extraordinary luminescent stability and narrow optical transitions. However, due to the lack of simple and effective optical switches, it is difficult to realize all-optical data storage, encoding, and retrieval by pure rare earth-doped luminescent nanoparticles. Here, a rapid and high-contrast of 10⁴ luminescent switching of Y₂O₃:Eu³⁺ nanoparticle between the enhancement and quenching states is achieved by employing the strong light confinement and ultrafast thermal response of localized surface plasmon resonance. A self-encrypted all-optical memory is presented with optical information writing, encryption, reading, and re-writing, and a high-sensitivity synaptic response of emitters to frequency and light intensity flux, which can be harnessed to encrypt information flows and promote convenient and high-security information encryption. Such a convenient and secure plasmonic thermally assisted self-encrypting luminescent switch paves the way for constructing high-performance stimuli-responsive rare earth oxide crystals on demand and expanding their applications in various data encryption, anti-counterfeiting, and rewritable colouration devices.     

Diagnostic performance of edited 2HG MR spectroscopy of central glioma in the clinical environment

Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology and Medicine - Oncometabolite D-2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) is pooled in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant glioma cells. Detecting 2HG by MR...     

压电能量收集接口电路的设计与仿真

为了给无线传感器网络节点提供稳定、高效且长期的能量供给,该文提出了一种基于增强型同步电荷提取电路的压电能量收集接口电路(ESECE)。利用Multisim电路仿真软件对增强型同步电荷提取电路进行仿真,并与标准压电能量收集接口电路(SHE)和同步电荷提取电路(SECE)进行对比分析。实验结果表明,在相同激励条件下,ESECE比SECE的输出功率提高了近30%,最大输出功率达到190μW,同时还保证了输出功率与负载电阻的无关性。     

基于高密度子网格光线追迹的三维发射层析重建算法

三维(three- dimensional,3D) 发射层析技术(emission computerized tomography,ECT) 是一种简单、高效且准确的燃 烧场3D成像与检测技术,其中权重矩阵的计算 精度决定了层析重建的精度和质量。本文研究了一种基于高密度子网格光线追迹的权重矩阵 计算方法, 将被测区域划分为密度更高的子网格,并根据相机成像模型实现光线追迹,以确定离散网格 对投影像素 的权重因子。数值模拟和燃烧火焰重建实验表明该算法具有较高的精度和计算效率。该研究 对于3D发射层析技术的实用化具有重要的理论意义。     

Dominance of Plasmonic Resonant Energy Transfer over Direct Electron Transfer in Substantially Enhanced Water Oxidation Activity of BiVO4 by Shape‐Controlled Au Nanoparticles

The performance of plasmonic Au nanostructure/metal oxide heterointerface shows great promise in enhancing photoactivity, due to its ability to confine light to the small volume inside the semiconductor and modify the interfacial electronic band structure. While the shape control of Au nanoparticles (NPs) is crucial for moderate bandgap semiconductors, because plasmonic resonance by interband excitations overlaps above the absorption edge of semiconductors, its critical role in water splitting is still not fully understood. Here, first, the plasmonic effects of shape‐controlled Au NPs on bismuth vanadate (BiVO₄) are studied, and a largely enhanced photoactivity of BiVO₄ is reported by introducing the octahedral Au NPs. The octahedral Au NP/BiVO₄ achieves 2.4 mA cm^?2 at the 1.23 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode, which is the threefold enhancement compared to BiVO₄. It is the highest value among the previously reported plasmonic Au NPs/BiVO₄. Improved photoactivity is attributed to the localized surface plasmon resonance; direct electron transfer (DET), plasmonic resonant energy transfer (PRET). The PRET can be stressed over DET when considering the moderate bandgap semiconductor. Enhanced water oxidation induced by the shape‐controlled Au NPs is applicable to moderate semiconductors, and shows a systematic study to explore new efficient plasmonic solar water splitting cells.