Cathodic disbonding of a thick polyurethane coating from steel in sodium chloride solution

The cathodic disbonding of a thick, pigmented polyurethane coating from steel in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution was studied by using an electrochemical AC impedance technique. Double-cylinder electrolyte cells were designed to separate the measurements of cathodic disbonding process from the influence of the impedance of an artificial defect. It was found that for a thick, pigmented polyurethane coating, the more important transport pathway of the reactive species is along the coating/steel interface rather than through the coating. There existed a delay time for the cathodic disbonding process, and cathodic polarization was not a predominant factor in determining the cathodic disbonding behavior in the early stages. The thick polyurethane coating, which was applied on a well sand-blasted steel surface, had excellent resistance to cathodic disbonding.     

Preparation and photophysical behaviors of fluorescent chitosan bearing fluorescein: Potential biomaterial as temperature/pH probes

A novel method for attaching fluorescein (via its epoxy derivative) to water‐soluble chitosan, and the temperature/pH‐sensitive qualities of fluorescence were investigated. 3‐Epoxypropoxy fluorescein (EPF) was firstly synthesized by the reaction between fluorescein and epichlorohydrin, and then water‐soluble chitosan bearing fluorescein (CS‐EPF) was prepared via ring‐opening reaction with EPF. They were characterized by the methods of ¹H NMR, MS, IR, UV–Vis, and luminescence spectra, respectively. The chemiluminescent and photophysical behaviors of EPF and CS‐EPF were studied in detail. The results showed that the fluorescent chitosan could still provide temperature and pH sensitivities similar to that of fluo‐ rescein, achieving better long‐term stability and fast equilibrium response. CS‐EPF had an excellent linear response between relative fluorescence intensity and temperature in the range of 0–60°C and two linear relationships between relative fluorescence intensity and pH in 0.0–4.14 and 8.15–13.20, respectively. This investigation may provide a convenient way to prepare low‐cost and multifunctional macromolecule biomaterial to probe pH and temperature in biological systems. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 3960–3966, 2007     

气相法聚丙烯装置主催化剂计量系统的改进

概述了中国石油化工股份有限公司北京燕山分公司聚丙烯事业部200 kt/a聚丙烯装置的工艺流程,介绍了该装置主催化剂加料计量系统的改进方案,并对主催化剂流量传感器显示飘移的原因进行了分析.通过更换流量传感器及采用垂直安装的方式,减轻了管线的震动,避免了催化剂浆液颗粒的沉积,实现了主催化剂加料计量系统的正常控制,提高了装置运行的稳定性.     

基于DLL和API的Internet链接器设计

首先介绍了什么是DLL库和API函数，并详细说明了DLL的声明万法及API函数的调用方式，然后在VB窗体中对Internet链接器的界面进行详细设计，最后是关于本设计的代码编程实现。本设计与外部网络环境相结合，让用户体验到了WindowsAPI函数的强大编程能力。     

Dynamical solidification behaviors and microstructural evolution during vibrating wavelike sloping plate process

A vibrating wavelike sloping plate process (VWSP) was proposed. Heat and solute transformations, nucleation mechanism and grain growth as well as microstructure evolution were investigated. It is shown that the sloping plate can provide strong undercooling, and a large quantity of heterogonous nuclei appear on the sloping plate surface, wavelike flow and vibration can enable heterogonous nucleus to escape off the plate, which lead to nucleus multiplication. Moreover, wavelike flow and vibration improve solute diffusion coefficient and cause uniform solute and temperature field, which lead to eruptive nucleation. Grain growth has two typical ways, direct globular growth and dendritic growth. Under relative uniform temperature and solute fields, some grains can keep stable growth surface, go on growing with the round surface and finally maintain their globular structure. However, there are always some grains that grow along a certain preferred direction, but under wavelike flow and vibration their dendritic arms break and transform into near spherical structure. During the casting process, microstructural evolution from globular/dendritic structure to globular/equiaxed structure and to globular structure was observed.     

热处理对高压电解电容器阳极铝箔比电容的影响

本文研究了不同的退火工艺对450伏高压电解电容器用 L01铝箔(Al≮99.93%)组织结构和比电容的影响。结果表明,高温短时退火可以使铝箔的表面产生有利的取向,减少位错密度(ρ_⊥)的下降。L01铝箔加热到580℃保温40分钟后空冷,可获得最大的(100)织构百分数(f_((100))%=35.41),在退火条件下,f_((100))%是影响比电容(K)的重要因素,f_((100))%最大时,K 也最大(K=0.28μF/cm~2)。随着退火温度和退火时间的增加,晶粒尺寸长大,位错密度下降,只有晶粒大小适宜,ρ_⊥下降不多,f_((100))%大大增加时,才可获得高的 k 值。     

QJ48型比较电桥检定QJ36型电桥方法

提出了利用QJ48电桥对QJ36检定的新方法,结合整体检定的方便与元件检定的准确,实现不开盖对QJ36进行元件检定。     

Evaluation of the Degradation of Generator Stator Ground Wall Insulation Under Multistresses Aging

The actual stator bars of an 18 kV/300 MW generator were used for accelerated multistress aging tests to investigate the degradation of ground insulation. An aging system with combined stresses including thermal, electrical, mechanical vibration, and thermomechanical factors was used to test the aging of stator bar specimens. The nondestructive parameters including partial discharge (PD) quantities and dissipation factor parameters were measured during aging test in order to evaluate the degradation of stator ground wall insulation. At the end of the aging test, an AC breakdown test was performed on the bars in order to obtain the remaining breakdown voltage (BDV) after their nondestructive data had been measured. The changes of nondestructive parameters indicated that the degradation of ground wall insulation. For example, the changes of skewness of indicated the shape of voids in ground insulation changes from flat to narrow, and even exhibits treeing, which is dangerous to insulation because it shortens the effective distance of insulation between high voltage and the ground. The results obtained are summarized as follows. The BDV data fit a Weibull distribution. The correlation between the dissipation factor, the PD parameters, and the breakdown voltage were analyzed, among which the skewness of the average discharge had the most correlation with breakdown voltage.     

The Effect of the Ausforging-and-Tempering on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steel 86CrMoV7

Thermomechanical treatment as an effective method has been carried out in order to obtain a better combination of high strength and excellent toughness. In this work, the hot deformation behavior of 86CrMoV7 steel has been studied, and then the process of ausforging has been designed. The microstructures and mechanical properties of 86CrMoV7 steel by (1) direct quenching after forging (ausforging) and tempering, (2) quenching-and-tempering and spheroidizing annealing have been investigated. The results show ausforging-and-tempering provides high strength but same toughness as classical quenching-and-tempering.     

Numerical simulation of the solar chimney power plant systems coupled with turbine

Numerical simulations have been carried out on the solar chimney power plant systems coupled with turbine. The whole system has been divided into three regions: the collector, the chimney and the turbine, and the mathematical models of heat transfer and flow have been set up for these regions. Using the Spanish prototype as a practical example, numerical simulation results for the prototype with a 3-blade turbine show that the maximum power output of the system is a little higher than 50 kW. Furthermore, the effect of the turbine rotational speed on the chimney outlet parameters has been analyzed which shows the validity of the numerical method advanced by the author. Thereafter, design and simulation of a MW-graded solar chimney power plant system with a 5-blade turbine have been presented, and the numerical simulation results show that the power output and turbine efficiency are 10 MW and 50%, respectively, which presents a reference to the design of large-scale solar chimney power plant systems.