A Case Study for the Application of Deterministic and Stochastic Petri Nets in the SoC Communication Domain

This paper presents an approach utilizing deterministic and stochastic Petri nets (DSPN) to analyze on-chip communication. In order to demonstrate the suitability of this approach, the on-chip communication structure of two examples featuring typical system-on-chip (SoC) communication conflicts like competition for common communication resources have been studied. A state-of-the-art heterogeneous digital signal processor (DSP) and a design example with an on-chip bus have been examined. The results show that sufficient modeling accuracy can be achieved with low modeling effort in terms of computation and implementation time. Holger Blume received his Dipl.-Ing. degree in electrical engineering from the University of Dortmund, Germany in 1992. From 1993 to 1998 he worked as a research assistant with the Working group on Circuits and Systems for Information Processing of Prof. Dr. H. Schrŝder in Dortmund. There he finished his PhD on Nonlinear fault tolerant interpolation of intermediate images in 1997. In 1998 he joined the Chair of Electrical Engineering and Computer Systems of Prof. Dr. T. G. Noll at the University of Technology RWTH Aachen as a senior engineer. His main research interests are in the field of heterogeneous reconfigurable Systems on Chip for multimedia applications. Dr. Blume is chairman of the German chapter of the IEEE Solid State Circuits Society. Thorsten von Sydow received the Dipl.-Ing. degree from the University of Technology RWTH Aachen, Germany, in 2002. Since then he is working as a research assistant at the Chair of Electrical Engineering and Computer Systems (Prof. T. G. Noll), University of Technology RWTH Aachen. His current research interests include Design Space Exploration for on-Chip interconnects and fine grain arithmetic oriented eFPGA architectures. Tobias G. Noll received the Ing. (grad.) degree in Electrical Engineering from the Fachhochschule Koblenz, Germany in 1974, the Dipl-Ing. degree in Electrical Engineering from the Technical University of Munich in 1982, and the Dr.-Ing. degree from the Ruhr-University of Bochum in 1989. From 1974 to 1976, he was with the Max-Planck-Institute of Radio Astronomy, Bonn, Germany, beeing active in the development of microwave waveguide and antenna components. Since 1976 he was with the Corporate Research and Development Department of Siemens and since 1987 he headed a group of laboratories concerned with the design of algorithm specific integrated CMOS circuits for high-throughput digital signal processing. In 1992, he joined the Electrical Engineering Faculty of the University of Technology RWTH Aachen, Germany, where he is a Professor, holding the chair of Electrical Engineering and Computer Systems. In addition to teaching, he is involved in research activities on VLSI architectural strategies for high-throughput digital signal processing, circuits concepts, and design methodologies with a focus on low power CMOS and deep submicron issues, as well as on digital signal processing for medicine electronics.     

Release the power of the public purse

This article presents the findings of a European study on energy efficiency in the public sector, entitled “Public procurement of Energy Saving Technologies in Europe” (PROST), completed in 2003.     

Beugung am Keil. Ein neuer Weg zur Bestimmung des Diffraktionskoeffizienten

Übersicht In dieser Arbeit leiten wir aus der Reihendarstellung der Greenschen Funktion der Helmholtzgleichung den Kellerschen Diffraktionskoeffizienten für das Keilproblem ab. Wir ziehen zu diesem Zwecke die Vollständigkeitsrelation der zugeordneten orthonormalen Funktionensysteme heran und bilden unter Zuhilfenahme verallgemeinerter Funktionen (Distributionen) Grenzwerte von Reihen aus trigonometrischen Funktionen. Die Gesamtlösung läßt sich dann interpretieren als Überlagerung einer einfallenden ebenen Welle, auslaufender transmittierter und reflektierter ebener Wellen sowie einer auslaufenden Zylinderwelle mit dem Diffraktionskoeffizienten als Gewichtsfaktor.

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Wedge diffraction. A new derivation of the diffraction coefficient

Contents In this paper we give a new derivation of Keller's wedge diffraction coefficient, starting from the series representation of the associated Green's function. We apply the completeness relation of the involved orthonormal function systems, and set up limits of series with trigonometric functions using generalised functions (distributions). The solution can be interpreted as a superposition of an incoming plane wave, of outgoing transmitted and reflected plane waves and of an outgoing cylindrical wave with the diffraction coefficient as a weighting factor.

     

Presentation of the intrasubject coefficient of variation for sample size planning in bioequivalence studies

Bioequivalence studies are generally performed as crossover studies and, therefore, information on the intrasubject coefficient of variation is needed for sample size planning. Unfortunately, this information is usually not presented in publications on bioequivalence studies, and only the pooled inter- and intrasubject coefficient of variation for either test or reference formulation is reported. Thus, the essential information for sample size planning of future studies is not made available to other researchers. In order to overcome such shortcomings, the presentation of results from bioequivalence studies should routinely include the intrasubject coefficient of variation. For the relevant coefficients of variation, theoretical background together with modes of calculation and presentation are given in this communication with particular emphasis on the multiplicative model.     

Chemical absorption of mercaptan in an aerosol operated loop reactor

A mechanistic mathematical model for the chemical absorption of mercaptan in sodium hypochlorite solution has been derived. In order to describe the process adequately, a semi-verified complex scheme of the involved kinetic reactions based on stopped-flow measurements with UV-detection has been implemented. The overall system of differential equations has been solved numerically. For some asymptotic cases, approximation formulae are given. The process has been carried out in an aerosol operated jet loop reactor which is characterized by high interfacial areas at low liquid flow rates. Fitting the model solution to the experimentally obtained conversion data enabled determination of the unknown hydrodynamic parameters. By means of a sensitivity analysis, the influences of the different parameters are discussed.     

Transimpedance receiver design optimization for smart pixel arrays

Optical transimpedance receivers implemented in CMOS VLSI technologies are modeled and optimized for freespace optoelectronic interconnections. Sensitivity, bandwidth, power dissipation, and circuit area are analyzed for receivers using three different submicron CMOS processes. A comparison with the circuit noise limited optical power indicates that, for digital computing applications, the receiver sensitivity is limited by the gain-bandwidth product of the receiver amplifiers and the necessary noise margin of logic circuits     

Optoelectronic phase delay measurement for a modified Michelson interferometer

For the primary calibration of the phase response of accelerometers, the knowledge of the response delay of the reference, i.e. the laser interferometer is a decisive prerequisite. However, an experimental determination of the interferometric response time is not a simple task.