Nitrogen utilization and transformation in red soil fertilized with urea and ryegrass

The influence of fertilization with urea and ryegrass on nitrogen utilization and transformation in red soil has been studied by using ^15N tracer method.When urea and ryegrass were applied alone or in combination,the percentage of N uptaken by ryegrass from labelled urea was 3 and 1.7 times that from labelled ryegrass for the application rate of 200mgN.kg^-1 and 100mgN.kg^-1,respectively;combining application of ryegrass and ureareduced uptake of urea N and increased uptake of ryegrass N by ryegrass plant,but the percentage of N residued in soil increased for urea and decreased for ryegrass.when urea and ryegrass were applied alone,the percentage of N residued in soil from labelled ryegrass was more than 69% while that from labelled urea was less than 25%,and much more ryegrass N was incorporated into humus than urea N.     

水产品加工废水深度处理的试验

进行了用"生物接触氧化-微滤膜"组合工艺对水产品加工废水深度处理的试验研究.试验结果表明:在进水COD约900~1 200 ms/L,水力停留时间>16 h的情况下,平均出水COD<50 ms/t,达到再生水杂用水质标准.同时,研究探讨了处理过程中膜组件的污染及清洗问题,为实际工程中膜的运行提供了必要的参考.     

同步沉淀除磷在污水生物处理中的应用

在同步沉淀工艺的基础上,综述了同步沉淀在不同的污水生物处理工艺中的除磷效果、化学试剂用量的控制、除磷过程模拟的研究进展,并重点讨论了同步沉淀中的化学试剂对生物处理系统性能的影响.最后,展望了同步沉淀在污水生物处理中的应用前景和研究方向.     

基于目标检测的SAR图像变化检测方法

SAR图像变化检测有着广阔的应用前景,但目前的方法普遍以精确的配准为前提,使其适用范围受到限制。针对人造目标在SAR图像上的特点,提出了一种基于目标检测的SAR图像变化检测方法。通过图像中的人造目标之间相对位置关系的相似程度确定图像的变化情况,以此来降低对图像配准精度的要求。实验表明该方法在很宽的配准精度范围内都可获得较满意的结果。     

电力企业桌面终端安全管理应用研究

阐述电力企业桌面终端安全管理现状,分析电力企业桌面终端普遍存在的问题,梳理电力企业桌面终端的安全管理需求和法规遵循要求,提出“明确桌面终端生产办公设备属性、落实桌面终端安全风险管理”的桌面终端安全管理思想,并在电力企业现有的信息安全管理体系之下,验证在实际应用中实施桌面终端安全基线管理的可行性。     

染料敏化太阳能电池对电极的研究进展

简要说明了染料敏化太阳能电池中对电极的作用,指出对电极是染料敏化太阳能电池的重要研究方向。详细介绍了各类对电极的特点和制备工艺,通过对比发现,铂对电极性能最好,但高成本限制了它的应用;价格低廉、性能较高的碳和聚合物对电极的发展前景广阔。最后论述了对电极的发展方向和国内外的研究现状。     

Enhanced π–π Interactions of Nonfullerene Acceptors by Volatilizable Solid Additives in Efficient Polymer Solar Cells

Fine‐tuning of the nanoscale morphologies of the active layers in polymer solar cells (PSCs) through various techniques plays a vital role in improving the photovoltaic performance. However, for emerging nonfullerene (NF) PSCs, the morphology optimization of the active‐layer films empirically follows the methods originally developed in fullerene‐based blends and lacks systematic studies. In this work, two solid additives with different volatilities, SA‐4 and SA‐7, are applied to investigate their influence on the morphologies and photovoltaic performances of NF‐PSCs. Although both solid additives effectively promote the molecular packing of the NF acceptors, due to the higher volatility of SA‐4, the devices processed with SA‐4 exhibit a power conversion efficiency of 13.5%, higher than that of the control devices, and the devices processed with SA‐7 exhibit poor performances. Through a series of detailed morphological analyses, it is found that the volatilization of SA‐4 after thermal annealing is beneficial for the self‐assembly packing of acceptors, while the residuals due to the incomplete volatilization of SA‐7 have a negative effect on the film morphology. The results delineate the feasibility of applying volatilizable solid additives and provide deeper insights into the working mechanism, establishing guidelines for further material design of solid additives.