微乳液共聚自交联印花粘合剂及其应用

以过硫酸铵和N，N，N’，N’-四甲基乙二胺为引发剂，对功能性单体丙烯酸、丙烯酰胺、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺与甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯腈等采用半连续微乳液聚合方法进行共聚，获得含固量高达44．0％、总乳化剂质量分数小于2．0％、平均粒径小于50nm的微胶乳。该微乳液较之常规乳液具有粒径小且分布均匀、摩擦牢度高、手感柔软、得色好、成膜透明光洁和存贮稳定等优点，适于用作涂料印花的粘合剂。     

几种进口葡萄酒活性干酵母发酵性能比较

对几种进口葡萄酒活性干酵母产品质量和发酵性能的测定。得出细胞数、活细胞率、水分含量、以及耐高糖、耐二氧化硫、耐二氧化碳性能上存在较大差异。但都具有较好的耐高糖和耐SO2特性，最终发酵液残糖都在4以以下，都适合于葡萄酒的酿造。综合比较，Zymaflore F15为优良葡萄酒活性干酵母产品。     

不同产地加工及炮制方法对鹿茸中胶原蛋白含量的影响

研究不同加工炮制方法对鹿茸中胶原蛋白含量的影响。采用氨基酸自动分析仪对不同加工炮制方法和不同部位鹿茸中构成胶原蛋白的4 种氨基酸羟脯氨酸、脯氨酸、甘氨酸和丙氨酸进行含量测定,进而转换成胶原蛋白的含量。通过比较不同加工炮制方法和不同部位鹿茸中胶原蛋白含量的差异,分析加工及炮制方法对鹿茸中胶原蛋白含量的影响。结果表明,冻干茸蜡片、粉片、纱片、骨片和整支中胶原蛋白质量分数分别为37.43%、30.01%、32.16%、40.81%和36.47%;煮炸茸相应部位胶原蛋白质量分数分别为31.40%、31.59%、35.69%、44.07%和39.44%;排血茸胶原蛋白质量分数分别为43.89%、39.04%、45.94%、46.23%和42.24%;带血茸胶原蛋白质量分数分别为37.84%、32.24%、35.11%、43.62%和37.64%;鹿茸粉胶原蛋白质量分数分别为25.51%、24.93%和26.12%,40%、50%和60%乙醇溶液润制的鹿茸片胶原蛋白质量分数分别为26.93%、28.89%和29.08%。煮炸茸中胶原蛋白含量高于冻干茸（蜡片除外）,排血茸中胶原蛋白含量高于带血茸;不同部位鹿茸之间表现出蜡片胶原蛋白含量较高,粉片、纱片和骨片中胶原蛋白含量依次递增的规律;不同炮制方法的鹿茸炮制品中,乙醇润制处理的鹿茸片中胶原蛋白含量高于直接粉碎的鹿茸粉,随着润制鹿茸乙醇体积分数的增大鹿茸片中胶原蛋白含量逐渐增加。     

微波真空干燥技术及其在农产品加工中的应用

微波真空干燥技术作为一种现代高新技术,是综合微波干燥和真空干燥各自优点的一项新技术,尤其适合用于农产品的干燥。该文阐述了微波真空干燥技术的原理、特点,并结合有关试验,分析了影响微波真空干燥效果的几个重要因素,介绍了该技术在国内外农产品加工中的应用研究现状,并对其发展前景进行了展望。随着微波真空干燥设备问题的解决和理论的完善,这种技术将在农产品加工中获得越来越广泛地应用。     

Purification and characterization of parvalbumins from silver carp (Hypophthalmichthy molitrix)

BACKGROUND: As the largest producer and consumer of freshwater fish in the world, many people suffer from allergy for consuming freshwater fish in China. However, the allergen profiles of freshwater fish are rarely known. RESULTS: Parvalbumins (PVs) from the white muscle of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthy molitrix) were purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation and column chromatography including DEAE‐Sepharose and Superdex 75. Three PV isoforms—PV‐I, PV‐II, and PV‐III—were obtained and their molecular masses as estimated by tricine–sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were 12, 11, and 14 kDa, respectively. All the PVs could be detected by anti‐frog PV monoclonal antibody. PV‐I and PV‐II were quite possibly glycoproteins, while PV‐III was not glycosylated, as analyzed by periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) staining. Thermal stability revealed that PV‐I and PV‐II easily formed polymers, while these proteins were stable in a pH range of 4.0–10.0. A PV gene encoding 110 amino acid residues was cloned and it revealed high identity with PVs from other species of fish. CONCLUSION: Three isotypes of PV were purified to homogeneity and one distinct PV gene was cloned in silver carp white muscle. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry     

Antioxidant potentials of buntan pumelo (Citrus grandis Osbeck) and its ethanolic and acetified fermentation products

The antioxidant potentials of buntan pumelo (Citrus grandis Osbeck) and its fermented products were determined. The essential oil from peel had higher total phenolic (214 mM) and flavonoid (134 mg QE/g of dried material) contents than those of different solvent extracts from fruit pulp. In addition, DPPH free radical-scavenging activity and ferric-reducing antioxidant power values determined for the essential oil were 26.1 ± 1.2% and 2.3 ± 0.3 mM, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of various fruit pulp extracts. The ethanol-fermented products of pumelo juice had higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents than those of fresh juice. For maintenance of the substantial antioxidant properties of pumelo products, ethanol-fermented juice rather than fresh or acetate-fermented juice is recommended. Through correlation analysis, the phenolic compounds in the fermented pumelo products were found to be the major contributors to the free radical-scavenging activity and ferric-reducing power.     

中国家具产业的可持续发展——浅析家具产业的低碳设计

低碳经济是可持续发展的必由之路,中国家具产业的可持续发展必将实践低碳设计。本文从园区规划、用料规划、产品设计、销售渠道等方面论述我国家具产业在实践低碳经济过程中的行动与存在的差距,并提出有针对性的建议。     

机织物外观计算机模拟方法的探讨

评述了织物ＣＡＤ系统中机织物外观计算机模拟现状,指出了其存在的问题,提出建立在纱线实体模型基础上的织物外观三维计算机模拟方法,该方法不仅可以模拟织物结构参数变化时织物外观的变化,还为实现复杂组织结构的可视化奠定了基础。     

Aliphatic Amidediol and Glycerol as a Mixed Plasticizer for the Preparation of Thermoplastic Starch

The synthesis of 2‐hydroxy‐N‐[2‐(2‐hydroxy‐propionylamino)‐ethyl]propionamide (“aliphatic amidediol”) is described. Aliphatic amidediol and glycerol were used as a novel mixed plasticizer for corn starch to prepare thermoplastic starch. Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy proved that the mixture of aliphatic amidediol and glycerol could form more stable and strong hydrogen bonds with starch molecules than glycerol alone. By scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) it was proven that native starch granules and crystalline structures were broken and starch was plasticized. Tensile testing revealed that TPS plasticized by aliphatic amidediol and glycerol (AGPTPS) showed a better mechanical properties than TPS plasticized by glycerol (GPTPS). Furthermore, the water resistance of AGPTPS was better than that of GPTPS. In addition, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) showed that both storage modulus and glass transition temperature (T_g) of AGPTPS were higher than those of GPTPS.