飞秒激光双光子荧光显微系统的构建与应用

为进行双光子荧光显微成像研究,搭建了一套飞秒激光光源双光子荧光显微成像系统.对超短脉冲锁模激光器的成像优势、双光子激励饱和功率及系统分辨率进行了理论推导,利用飞秒激光器、显微镜、数据采集设备与控制装置及扫描控制软件搭建了显微成像系统,并对Rhodamine B样品进行双光子荧光显微成像实验.结果表明:相同条件下,超短脉冲锁模激光器的双光子荧光产率为连续光输出激光器的105倍;采用UPLSAPO60XO型物镜时,双光子激励饱和功率为50 m W,理论横向和轴向分辨率为303 nm与727 nm;该系统具有显微成像能力,且实际横向分辨率小于3μm.     

Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Surface Sediment from Songhua River Basin, Northeast of China

Sixty sediment samples were collected from the main Songhua River in three years. Twelve polybrominated diphenyl ether ( PBDE) congeners ( BDE17, 28, 47, 66, 99, 100, 153, 154, 138, 183, and BDE?209) w...     

多孔介质通道气液两相流型及压降特性研究

通过高速摄影仪研究多孔介质通道内气液两相流体垂直向上流动的流型,在实验参数范围内依次拍摄到泡状流、弹状流、脉冲流、雾状流4种典型流型,并总结了各种流型的特征。依据实验获得的两相流动阻力数据,分别对分相模型阻力关系式和均相模型阻力关系式进行了拟合,得到了适于实验特点的两类阻力关系式。改进后的两类模型均与实验数据实现了较好的吻合,但模型关系式定义中包含了影响阻力压降各要素的均相模型具有更高的预测精度,且该模型物理意义更加清楚,可以优先用于多孔介质通道气液两相流动的阻力计算。     

复合材料天线罩螺栓连接结构损伤失效分析

针对复合材料天线罩螺栓连接结构的损伤失效问题,采用试验和渐近损伤分析方法对复合材料天线罩螺栓连接结构的损伤失效进行了研究,分析了螺栓连接结构在等效风载压力和拉力作用下的失效过程和失效强度,并对天线罩连接结构折角位置玻璃钢蒙皮的过渡方式对其力学性能的影响进行了分析。试验和数值研究结果表明,连接结构试件的初始破坏均表现为玻璃钢蒙皮与泡沫芯材间的层间开裂,初始开裂载荷为0.7倍左右的结构失效载荷,玻璃钢蒙皮采用隔层断开过渡的加工工艺可显著提高天线罩连接结构的强度,数值预测的结构失效强度与试验结果吻合较好。     

构建城市综合管理的标准化支撑体系

构建为城市综合管理提供支持的标准化体系和保障机制,是开展城市综合管理工作的关键,也是构建城市综合管理体制的必要环节。应通过职能部门的设置和职责划分,科学制定城市管理各个领域的标准指引,落实规范化管理,构建一套科学完整的城市管理标准化系统。业务主管部门需要建立规范的运作机制、作业制度、管理制度,制定履行城市管理职能的评价指标和奖惩标准,完善城市管理的相关法规或文件,引入数字技术等现代化手段和公众参与机制进行监督与评价,这是提高城市综合管理体制可行性和有效性的合理路径。     

四川盆地海相页岩气富集条件及勘探开发有利区

历经十余年探索实践,四川盆地海相页岩气勘探取得了一系列进展,锁定五峰组—龙马溪组为最有利产层,提出了一批页岩气富集高产理论,形成了集地质评价、开发优化、优快钻井、体积压裂、工厂化作业、清洁开发等为一体的勘探开发技术,探明了万亿立方米级储量的页岩气大气田。时值中国页岩气勘探发展的重要节点,回顾四川盆地海相页岩气勘探开发历程、梳理五峰组—龙马溪组页岩气在地质条件与富集规律上的成果认识、展望四川盆地海相页岩气勘探的重点接替领域,对推进盆地海相页岩气的勘探开发有积极意义。(1)四川盆地海相页岩气勘探开发经历了4个阶段：评层选区找目标阶段;浅层至中—深层先导试验阶段;浅层至中—深层示范区建设阶段;浅层至中—深层上产、深层评价、常压页岩气评价、立体开发评价、超深层和新层系探索阶段。(2)四川盆地五峰组—龙马溪组的沉积条件优越,深水陆棚相高有机质含量页岩呈连续稳定分布;页岩气主要赋存在有机孔隙中,页岩储层在纵向上集中发育,连续厚度大;川南地区和川东南涪陵区块的构造相对简单,气源持续补给、远离古/今剥蚀区和大型断裂逸散区是页岩气富集保存的有利区;目前,五峰组—龙马溪组的页岩气资源量为33.19×10<...     

Improved chemical stability and proton selectivity of semi-interpenetrating polymer network amphoteric membrane for vanadium redox flow battery application

In this work, semiinterpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN), consisting of sulfonated poly (arylene ether sulfone) (SPAES) and crosslinked vinyl imidazole grafted polysulfone (VMPSU), is prepared and characterized. FTIR, EDS, and solubility test indicate the successful preparation of amphoteric membranes. The semi-IPN amphoteric membranes exhibit better stability than pure SPAES membrane, as demonstrated by thermogravimetric analysis and ex situ immersion testing results. More importantly, it is shown that the amphoteric membrane can effectively hinder vanadium ion crossover through the membrane, which is attributed to the semi-IPN structure and Donnan exclusion. As expected, the amphoteric membrane containing 20% VMPSU exhibits the highest proton selectivity (6.86 × 10⁴ S min cm⁻³), comparing to pristine SPAES (1.90 × 10⁴ S min cm⁻³) as well as Nafion117 (1.31 × 10⁴ S min cm⁻³).     

Removal behavior and mechanism of silver from low concentration wastewater using cellulose aerogel modified by thiosemicarbazide

Due to the low concentration of silver in water, most of the cellulose adsorbents exhibited low removal efficiency, which greatly limited their practical applications. Herein, a cellulose aerogel modified by thiosemicarbamide (CAT) was fabricated for reducing and adsorbing silver ions from low concentration wastewater. The characterization results concluded that CAT owned a three-dimensional spongy structure with many circular microspheres and a better specific surface area (19.37 m² g⁻¹), as well as the functional groups of ─C═N⁺─H and ─(C═S)─N. The static batch adsorption experiments demonstrated that CAT could reached the maximum removal percentage of 94.94% and adsorption capacity of 42.12 mg g⁻¹ under the initial concentration of Ag(I) was 15 mg L⁻¹ and the pH value was 7. Meanwhile, the adsorption of Ag(I) on CAT was second-order reaction, and the Langmuir model could better fit the adsorption process. In addition, CAT exhibited wide pH values (1–9) adaptability and excellent adsorption performance for silver through electrostatic interaction, chelation, and reduction. This study probably provides a new method as well as important experimental data and theoretical reference for the removal of silver ions and other metals.     

复杂直纹面加工中电极丝中心轨迹的求取算法研究

针对电火花线切割加工复杂直纹面的问题，以直纹面理论为基础，从实际加工要求出发，提出了求取电极丝中心轨迹的“广义电极丝”模型。分析了直导线直纹面电极丝中心轨迹的变化趋势，计算结果表明直接用电极丝中心轨迹两端点的连线近似表示该中心轨迹是欠妥的，为提高代码精度应对求取的电极丝中心轨迹进行同步线性化处理。     

氢还原法制备80：20镍银纳米复合粉的研究

以氢氧化钠、六水合硝酸镍、硝酸银为原料，采用化学共沉淀法制备氢氧化镍-氧化银复合粉：然后在封闭循环氢还原炉中还原氢氧化镍．氧化银复合粉，得到银镍复合粉。结果表明：制备氢氧化镍-氧化银复合粉的最佳工艺为，温度25℃，搅拌速度1200dmin，搅拌时间60min，反应终点的pH值13，滴加氢氧化钠溶液的速度为50ml/mim氢氧化镍．氧化银复合粉的粒度为3～45nm；在封闭循环氢还原炉中的还原条件为300℃，30min，镍银复合粉的粒度为2-20nm。