A Novel Athermal 40-Channel DWDM Multi/Demultiplexer Based on the Combination of AWGs and Interleaver

An athermal 40-channel dense wavelength-division-multiplexing multi/demultiplexer using a novel combination technology is proposed. It consists of one 1times4 100- to 400-GHz spacing interleaver filter and four sub-arrayed-waveguide gratings (AWGs). The temperature-dependent wavelength shift of the combined device is successfully suppressed to 0.058 nm in the -20degC to 70degC temperature range. Moreover, the combined device's adjacent crosstalk (typically -35 dB) is much better than conventional AWGs (typically -25 dB).     

MRF: A Framework for Source and Destination Based Bandwidth Differentiation Service

In this paper, we shall generalize the concepts of fairness, TCP-friendliness and TCP-compatibility such that more source adaptation schemes can be designed to support diverse applications over the Internet. A simple but efficient framework, in the form of a monotonic response function (MRF), is proposed for the analysis and the design of memoryless window-based source adaptation protocols by using these concepts. We first derive a necessary and sufficient condition for step-wise convergence to the weighted fairness. It is then used to construct increase-decrease policies. The requirements of our increase-decrease policy are less conservative than those of the CYRF (Choose Your Response Function) that was proposed in . Our MRF is suitable for transmission control protocol (TCP) and user datagram protocol (UDP), and can be used to design TCP-friendly and multimedia-friendly source adaptation schemes. Meanwhile, our MRF can be applied to provide bandwidth differentiation service without any change to the router of the existing Internet.     

Study on combustion characteristics of blended coals

Power plants in China have to burn blended coal instead of one specific coal for a variety of reasons. So it is of great necessity to investigate the combustion of blended coals. Using a test rig with a capacity of 640 MJ/h with an absolute milling system and flue gas online analysis system, characteristics such as burnout, slag, and pollution of some blended coals were investigated. The ratio of coke and slag as a method of distinguishing coal slagging characteristic was introduced. The results show that the blending of coal has some effect on NO _x but there is no obvious rule. SO _x emission can be reduced by blending low sulfur coal. Translated from Proceedings of the CSEE, 2005, 25(18): 97–103 [译自: 中国电机工程学报]     

Emergy account for biomass resource exploitation by agriculture in China

On the basis of Odum's ecological economic measure of emergy as embodied solar energy, a system account of biomass resource exploitation by agriculture in China 2004 is developed in this paper, which supplements a former study on corresponding long-term historical trends during 1978 to 2000 (Chen et al., 2006. Emergy-based analysis of the Chinese agriculture. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 115, 161–173). The aggregate fluxes and indicators for biomass resource exploitation in China 2004 are calculated and illustrated when compared with those for 2000 to elucidate the latest status of the Chinese agriculture as the exploitation sector for biomass resource. Data sources and algorithm are presented in detail as basic references for related analysis involving the ecological economy of biomass exploitation in agriculture.     

Electrical properties and positron annihilation study of (Ba<Subscript>1−<Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis></Subscript>Ho<Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis></Subscript>)TiO<Subscript>3</Subscript> ceramics

DC resistivity, dielectric constant, dielectric loss and positron annihilation spectra of (Ba_1−x Ho _x )TiO₃ ceramics have been measured as a function of holmium concentration x. It has been found that the DC resistivity of (Ba_1−x Ho _x )TiO₃ is strongly dependent on the Ho content: it decreases three orders of magnitude and reaches a minimum at x = 0.4%. Doping with 0.6% holmium increases the permittivity of BaTiO₃ by approximately three times (from ∼1,300 to ∼4,000), with only a slight increase in the corresponding dielectric loss. The local electron density and defect concentration estimated using positron annihilation technique conforms well to the features found in the dielectric and resistivity measurements. The results have been discussed in terms of a mixed compensation model.     

Reliability Analysis on the δ-Shock Model of Complex Systems

We investigate the delta-shock model of complex systems consisting of n i.i.d. components. We first obtain a general lifetime distribution for the delta-shock model of a general complex system by reducing the system to a linear combination of parallel systems. We then consider coherent system structures including series, parallel, and k-out-of-n, then derive some useful results including reliability bounds, bounds on the mean lifetime, limiting distributions, and Laplace-Stieltes transforms     

BOPP薄膜生产中的功能母料

简述了BOPP薄膜生产过程中所需要的抗静电母料、防粘连母料和爽滑母料等功能母料，并分析了它们的作用、机理以及在生产中的应用特点。     

南渡江海口段防洪工程设计的关键问题

在建的南渡江河口段防洪工程具有海岸堤防工程的特点。本文对原堤防存在的问题、设计洪（潮）水面线的确定、不同条件下的堤防断面的设计、水土保持的设计以及环境保护设计等关键的技术问题，进行阐述，以供与一般江河堤防比较和类似海岸堤防工程参考。     

基于IR1167的智能同步整流控制

引言 随着近年来数字处理电路电压的不断降低，电源功率密度的不断提高，对于电源次级整流的要求越来越高。整流器件已从最初的肖特基二极管整流，发展到用同步整流开关管替代二极管，以降低功耗。目前，控制同步整流开关管的方法主要有分立式和基于锁相环的控制芯片两种。用分立元件实现同步整流的缺点是响应过慢，系统可靠性相对差。单芯片同步整流是基于锁相环技术的，从初级取信号同步控制次级整流开关管，这种方法的缺点是不能保证在间隔模式（轻载或空载时发生）下可靠操作。     

岩溶地区设计洪水计算的探讨

岩溶地区溶洞形状千姿百态，对洪水的影响程度各不相同，如何考虑其影响，在目前的水利水电工程设计规范中没有明确规定。贵州省是世界上典型的岩溶地貌地区之一，根据在贵州省水利水电工程设计的实践，总结摸索出针对不同溶洞状况、集水状况和水文站布设情况的设计洪水计算方法。在可确定岩溶集水面积条件下的方法有调洪演算法、溶洞削减法、叠加合成法和统一处理法；不能确定岩溶集水面积条件下的方法有流量法、地区综合法、统一处理法等。