Synthesis and luminescence properties of new blue‐light‐emitting polyconjugated poly{1,1′‐biphenyl‐4,4′‐diyl‐[1‐(4‐t‐butylphenyl)]vinylene} polymers and copolymers

Three new soluble polyconjugated polymers, all of which emitted blue light in photoluminescence and electroluminescence, were synthesized, and their luminescence properties were studied. The polymers were poly{1,1′‐biphenyl‐4,4′‐diyl‐[1‐(4‐t‐butylphenyl)]vinylene}, poly((9,9‐dioctylfluorene‐2,7‐diyl)‐alt‐{1,4‐phenylene‐[1‐(4‐t‐butylphenyl)vinylene‐1,4‐phenylene]}) [P(DOF‐PVP)], and poly([N‐(2‐ethyl) hexylcarbazole‐3,6‐diyl]‐alt‐{1,4‐phenylene‐[1‐(4‐t‐butylphenyl)]vinylene‐1,4‐phenylene}). The last two polymers had alternating sequences of the two structural units. Among the three polymers, P(DOF‐PVP) performed best in the light‐emitting diode devices of indium–tin oxide/poly(ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with poly(styrene sulfonate) (30 nm)/polymer (150 nm)/Li:Al (100 nm). This might have been correlated with the balance in and magnitude of the mobility of the charge carriers, that is, positive holes and electrons, and also the electronic structure, that is, highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) levels, of the polymers. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 307–317, 2006     

Improvement of cyclodextrin glucanotransferase as an antistaling enzyme by error-prone PCR

In an effort to improve the properties of cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase) as an antistaling enzyme, error-prone PCR was used to introduce random mutations into a CGTase cloned from alkalophilic Bacillus sp. I-5 (CGTase I-5). A mutant CGTase[3-18] with the three mutations M234T, F259I and V591A was selected by agar plate assay. Sequence alignment of various CGTases indicated that M234 and F259 are located in the vicinity of the catalytic sites of the enzyme and V591 in the starch binding domain E. The cyclization activity of CGTase[3-18] was dramatically decreased by 10-fold, while the hydrolyzing activity was increased by up to 15-fold. These mutations near subsite +1 (M234T) and at subsite +2 (F259I) are likely to alter the enzyme activity in a concerted manner, promoting hydrolysis of substrate while retarding cyclization. The addition of CGTase[3-18] reduced the retrogradation rate of bread by as much as did the commercial antistaling enzyme Novamyl during 7-day storage at 4 degrees C. No cyclodextrin (CD) was detected in bread treated with CGTase[3-18], whereas 21 mg of CD per 10 g of bread was produced in bread treated with wild-type CGTase.     

2008-2009 年江苏省闪电特征分析及应用研究

统计了江苏省气象部门雷电探测系统2008-2009年闪电记录,对江苏省闪电强度、闪电频数等闪电特征进行分析,得出江苏省的雷电流强度和闪电分布都有明显的时空差异,并且闪电频数和强度在空间分布上基本呈相反分布;同时利用地闪记录与雷暴日数的关系,得出了适用于江苏13个地级市的地闪密度计算公式.     

Wcomet直接还原法渣铁分离影响因素研究

研究还原温度、渣相配料碱度和渣中CaF2、K2O、P2O5、S、FeO的含量等因素对2CaO·SiO2形成及其相变的影响规律。结果表明,在快速升温条件下,温度高于1300℃后2CaO·SiO2才大量生成;CaF2、S和FeO对2CaO·SiO2相变不产生影响,但K2O和P2O5对2CaO·SiO2相变具有明显抑制作用;渣相二元碱度R〈1．8时渣的自然粉化效果明显变差。     

动态硫化工艺对EPDM/PP相态结构及力学性能的影响

采用透射电镜(TEM)研究二次硫化的加工工艺对EPDM/PP热塑性弹性体相态结构及力学性能的影响,研究发现,与传统的一次硫化的加工工艺相比,采用二次硫化加工工艺制备的EPDM/PP弹性体,硫化橡胶能以颗粒态均匀分散于PP的连续相中,其力学性能也较一次硫化制备的样品有较大提高。     

基于深度学习的电子鼻食品新鲜度检测与识别技术研究

实际生活中,食品储存情况复杂,对食品新鲜度的准确检测十分重要.将常见食品分为水果、蔬菜、肉类三个类别,并根据实际情况,对不同食品储存情况设计相应实验,利用设计的电子鼻系统对食品样本进行检测,将测试得到的样本数据用于建立线性判别分析(Linear Discriminant Analysis,LDA)、支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)、卷积神经网络(Convolutional Neural Network,CNN)模型,最终利用不同模型对食品样本的状态:新鲜、水果腐败、蔬菜腐败、肉类腐败,作出分类识别.对于实际测试样本,LDA、SVM、CNN识别准确率分别为:45.00％、85.00％、90.00％,结果证明基于深度学习的电子鼻系统可对不同储存情况下的食品新鲜状态作出有效判断,可在一定程度上为受主观因素影响的感官评价提供客观参考,提高食品新鲜度判断准确性.     

腐蚀环境下再生混凝土结构耐久性设计研究

为推广耐久性设计在再生混凝土结构工程设计中的应用,在考虑再生粗骨料来源的复杂性和再生混凝土初始损伤的影响基础上,结合近年来我国再生混凝土结构相关研究与应用成果,根据普通混凝土结构耐久性设计原则,分析研究腐蚀环境条件下再生混凝土结构的耐久性设计问题,然后确立腐蚀环境条件下再生混凝土结构耐久性设计的基本方法。结果表明:在再生混凝土与普通混凝土强度等级相同的情况下,当30%再生粗骨料取代率≤50%及再生粗骨料取代率50%时,钢筋保护层厚度应适当分别增加3 mm和5 mm,而再生混凝土养护时间应适当分别延长24 h和48 h。     

Numerical Simulation of Energy Saving Potential in Dispersing Process of Blasted Smoke in Mines

The dispersing process of the blasted smoke in underground mines by ventilation is very important for the safety of personnel, and its energy consumption is also worthy of concern. In this study, the impact of supply air flow rate on the decay process of harmful gases and fan energy, and the role of harmful gases buried by blasted pile in the smoke dispersing process is analyzed with three-dimensional numerical simulation. According to the results, air flow facilitates quick smoke dispersion and the gas emits from the blasted pile is only significant at the beginning of ventilation. It is thus recommended that large amount of air supply is taken to disperse the smoke quickly until the concentration of harmful gases reaches relevant standards, and reduce the amount of air in the remain time with frequency conversion technology to save energy. In the given study, 12 m/s air flow rate is taken for dispersing smoke and 3 m/s air flow rate is taken for the waiting time. The energy consumption for ventilation is reduced by about 50％. In addition, due to the gases in the blasted pile remains very high concentration after the dispersing process, it is recommended to keep suitable amount of ventilation in the consequent process.     

基于三次B样条有限元法的BBMB方程数值解

对空间和时间坐标分别采用三次B样条有限法和Crank-Nicolson差分法求得非线性BBMB方程的数值解,应用Von-Neumann稳定性理论证明了此方法的无条件稳定性,并且通过两个例子验证了该方法的有效性与可行性.     

基于全量补偿算法的结构损伤识别

频率和振型是反应结构动力特性的主要模态参数,文中对损伤结构的频率和振型进行了研究。通过实测损伤结构的频率和振型,利用矩阵理论修正理论有限元模型,使之与实测损伤结构的频率和振型一致;将修正的理论有限元模型表达成单元刚度矩阵与损伤因子的线性组合,把损伤识别问题转化为组合系数的识别问题。给定损伤因子的合理取值范围,用优化方法求解损伤因子。通过对十跨桁架结构的数值仿真,仅用结构的前5阶频率和振型就能很好的识别结构的损伤,且该方法不需要对实测振型进行归一化处理,具有较强的实用性。