一种组态式产品设计方法

为了实现产品的快速定制和设计知识的重用,以进一步提高设计效率,促进产品配置的智能化,在模块化的基础上,文章提出了一种组态式的产品设计方法。对组件、组态概念进行了界定;对组件化方法、组态过程进行了阐述;并给出了组态系统的方程。最后,以某工装夹具的组件化和组态过程为例,详细说明了组态设计的基本原理和方法。     

捷联惯性组合在舰标定技术研究

文章研究了捷联惯性组合的在舰标定问题。对于陀螺仪提出以姿态误差角作为观测量,采用系统级标定法进行标定。在标定过程中将舰载主惯导给出的导航坐标系角速率ωnin引入到捷联惯性组合的姿态更新,实现了姿态误差与速度误差和位置误差的解耦,避免了由于所列状态量过多而造成的矩阵维数过大的问题。对于加速度计提出以舰载主惯导对比力矢量的测量值作为参考量,以捷联惯性组合对该矢量的测量误差作为观测量对其进行标定。计算机仿真结果表明,文中给出的方法可以有效地完成捷联惯性组合在舰标定,且标定精度较高,具有较强的实际意义。     

Application of polymerizable surfactant in the preparation of polystyrene/nano-Fe<Subscript>3</Subscript>O<Subscript>4</Subscript> composite

Monooctadecyl maleate, as a polymerizable surfactant, was synthesized by the mono-esterification of maleic anhydride and octadecanol, and was utilized to surface-modify nano-Fe₃O₄ particles. A polymerizable magnetic fluid was obtained by directly dispersing modified nano-Fe₃O₄ particles into styrene monomer, and the polystyrene/nano-Fe₃O₄ composite was prepared through free radical polymerization of polymerizable magnetic fluid. The structure and dispersion status in different dispersion phases of modified nano-Fe₃O₄ particles were studied by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. The experimental results show that the nano-Fe₃O₄ particles modified by monooctadecyl maleate with the size of about 7–10 nm can be uniformly dispersed into styrene and fixed in the composite during the procedure of polymerization. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) indicate that the thermal stability of polystyrene/nano-Fe₃O₄ composite is improved compared to that of pure polystyrene, and the composite is a sort of superparamagnetic materials.     

一种改进的动态遗传Apriori挖掘算法

在经典关联规则算法Apriori的基础上,提出了一种改进的动态遗传Apriori挖掘算法。通过动态遗传Apriori挖掘算法对学生成绩管理数据库中的课程进行分析,找出各课程之间的隐藏关系,得到一些合理、可靠的课程关联规则,从而根据这些规则进行课程的合理设置。实验结果表明,该算法能高效地解决数据挖掘问题。     

汽车维修车间作业排序的优化模型及调度算法*

针对汽车维修车间调度缺乏科学规划,导致较长的客户等待时间和较低的设备利用率的问题,在结合优化调度理论的基础上, 对这一实际调度问题的特性、模型和算法进行了研究。首先从最小化目标、机器环境、加工特征和约束几方面分析了问题的特征,建立了对应的数学模型;然后根据问题特性设计了分解法与约束引导的启发式算法相结合的调度算法;最后以实例分析验证了算法的可行性。仿真结果表明了所用算法在优化目标函数值上的优越性。     

The properties of solution precursor plasma spray nanostructured thermal barrier coatings

About 300 μm thickness uniform thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) were deposited on the 1Cr18Ni9Ti samples by solution precursor plasma spray (SPPS).The analysis methods,such as TEM,SEM,and XRD were used to characterize the coatings in the aspects of microstructure and phase compositions.The samples were quenched from 1121 ℃ to room temperature by forced-air to measure the thermal cycling capability.Coatings density were measured by means of water displacement.The experimental results show that grain size of the SPPS TBCs is about 30 nm with desired tetragonal phase ZrO2,and the SPPS TBCs(with 16% porosity) consist of arcuate pores,gelatin and melted particles.The hardness of the coatings is HR45Y38.5 and bond strength between coatings and substrates is 24.2 MPa.The thermal shock test show the coatings have a average life of 500 cycles which is about 2.5 times than that of conventional air plasma spray (APS) TBCs.     

Tissue response of an osteoinductive bioceramic in bone defect rabbit model

HA/TCP and HA rods (?5 mm×10 mm) were made for implantation in New Zealand white rabbit with different condition. Sixty three rabbit were divided into three groups: group 1 (n=18), group 2 (n=27) and group 3 (n=18). In group 1, 10 mm radius was defected, and one HA/TCP rod was implanted in the muscle a distant away from the bone defect area. In group 2, also, 10 mm radius was defected, one HA rod was implanted in the muscle a distant away from the bone defect area. In group 3, two HA/TCP rods were implanted in the dorsal muscle of the rabbit with bone intact. Histological observation showed that in group 1, some new bone was found only two months after implantation (n=2), and obvious immature woven bone could be observed in these bioceramics from the 3^rd month on. However, in group 3, bone began to be found 6 months after implantation (n=2). In group 2, we could not find any bone tissue up to 9 month’s observation. These results suggest that, first, the bone defect model could significantly accelerate bone formation at non-osseous sites in rabbits; second,. HA/TCP bioceramics were confirmed with osteoinductive property while HA bioceramics without osteoinductive property nearly. Thus, bone defect might be a good animal model for further researches for osteoinductive bioceramics.     

Facile synthesis of uniform hollow hematite sub-micro spheres with controllable shell thickness

A simple method was developed to prepare the uniform hematite hollow submicro-spheres with controllable structure and different diameter based on monodisperse poly(styrene-co-acrylic acid) [P(St-co-AA)] particles. The structure and formation mechanism of the hollow spheres were investigated in detail. The control mechanism of shell thickness was also discussed. The results indicated that the shell thickness and coarseness of the synthesized core-shell hematite hollow spheres could be tuned simply by the surface carboxyl content of the P(St-co-AA) particles. This method provided a new approach for the structure control in the preparation of hollow spheres. A Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) test shows that the prepared hollow spheres have large surface areas which were decreased along with the increase of the diameter. The magnetic properties of the as-obtained hematite hollow spheres were investigated. The result showed that the coercivity and saturated magnetization were increased along with the increase of the shell thickness, and the remanent magnetization was increased along with the decrease of the diameter.     

Preparation of YAG powder by co-precipitation method in a narrow pH-change environment

YAG(Y3Al5O12) powder was prepared by co-precipitation method.To avoid pH values changing intensely during titration process,the 4 3 NH HCO solution with 4 3 NH NO was used as precipitant solution.The pH change of precipitant solution during titration process,compositions of precursor,phase formation process and morphology of the prepared powder were investigated by means of pH meter,FT-IR,XRD and TEM.The results show that the presence of 4 3 NH NO in 4 3 NH HCO solution is crucial to alleviate the pH change,lower the calcination temperature and meliorate the morphology of YAG powder.The mechanisms were studied in detail.The YAG phase can be obtained at a lower temperature of 900 ℃.The obtained powder,composed of elliptical particles,showed a meliorated morphology.     

The Young's moduli prediction of random distributed short-fiber-reinforced polypropylene foams using finite element method

The elastic moduli of short-fiber-reinforced foams depend critically on the fiber content and fiber length, as well as on the fiber orientation distribution. Based on periodic tetrakaidecahedrons, the finite element models with short-fiber reinforcement were proposed in this paper to examine the effects of the fiber content and fiber length on Young's modulus. The fiber length distribution and fiber orientation distribution were also considered. The proposed models featured in a three-dimensional diorama with random short-fiber distribution within or on the surfaces of the walls and edges of the closed-cells of polypropylene (PP) foams. The fiber length/orientation distributions were modeled by Gaussian prob-ability density functions. Different fiber volume fractions, different lengths, and different distributions were investigated. The predicted Young's moduli of the PP foams with short-glass-fiber or short-carbon-fiber reinforcement were compared with other theoretic and experimental results, and the agreement was found to be satisfactory. The proposed finite element models were proved to be acceptable to predict the Young's moduli of the grafted closed-cell PP foams with short-fiber reinforcement.