Plasticization effects of dihydroxyl soybean oil improve flexibilities of epoxy‐based films for coating applications

Novel bio‐based coating materials were developed through cationic ring‐opening photopolymerization of dihydroxyl soybean oil (DSO) with commercial epoxy monomers [i.e., epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) and 3,4‐epoxycyclohexylmethyl‐3,4‐epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate (ECHM). The ether cross‐linking and post‐polymerization of the polymeric network were observed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Thermal properties of the bio‐based coating materials and their copolymerization behaviors were examined using differential scanning calorimetry and a thermogravimetric analyzer. Cross‐link density and molecular weight between cross‐link were obtained from dynamic mechanical analysis. ECHM/DSO (1 : 1.43 weight ratio) films showed the highest elongation at break (49.2%) with a tensile strength of 13.7 MPa. After 2 months of storage, the elongation at break and tensile strength of films were 32% and 15.1 MPa, respectively. ESO/DSO films (w/w ratios of 1 : 0.1, 1 : 0.15, and 1 : 0.2) exhibited stable flexibility of 11–13% of elongation at break without significant reductions in tensile strength (2.5–4.4 MPa) during a 2‐month shelf life. Optical transparencies of the films were comparable to commercial glass and polymers, and water uptake properties (0.72% and 2.83%) were significantly low. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41773.     

考虑风力发电波动引起频率偏差的电力系统状态估计

随着大规模风电接入电网,风电出力的波动性不仅会改变电网原有的潮流分布,还会对电网频率产生显著影响,传统的状态估计模型已不再适用。基于此,介绍了同步发电机准稳态模型、负荷准稳态模型和异步风机简化RX模型,将频率偏差作为新的状态量引入到状态估计过程中。同时,还考虑了发电机和负荷自身频率特性对电压的影响,对相应节点构造了新的零注入功率量测,最终建立了计及频率变化的含风力发电的电力系统状态估计模型。算例仿真结果表明,该模型可有效计及系统的频率偏差,计算量较小且提高了状态估计结果的精度。     

电动式扬声器阻抗曲线分析与测量

扬声器的相关性能指标包括频率响应与有效频率范围、额定频带的特性灵敏度级、谐波失真、额定噪声功率、额定阻抗、额定共振频率,其中额定阻抗、额定共振频率可以从阻抗曲线中得到.围绕扬声器的阻抗曲线,先介绍了扬声器的分类,再重点介绍电动式扬声器的工作原理与等效电路,最后分析了扬声器阻抗曲线以及利用PULSE电声分析系统测量扬声器的阻抗曲线.     

从体育建筑造型设计谈个性与内涵的表达

不同的建筑类型有不同的个性与内涵,体育建筑作为一种特殊的建筑类型,具有独特的文化价值。因而在体育建筑造型的创作上,应该表现出深刻的内涵、鲜明的个性和优美的形式。该文分析了体育建筑造型个性与内涵的出发点,对其个性与内涵的表达原则进行了论述,对体育建筑造型设计手法从形体美学、结构美学、材料美学三方面进行了探讨。     

低能耗高舒适度型医疗建筑设计探索——以解放军91医院为例

随着我国医疗事业的发展,医院的建筑规模和医疗设备都有了很大程度的改善,同时医院的能源消耗也在不断增加,如何降低医院建筑能耗的同时又能提高舒适度成为当今面临的重要问题。低能耗高舒适度型医疗建筑是“绿色环保”与“以人为本”的理念的综合体现。首先对低能耗高舒适度型医疗建筑的内涵与特征进行了论述,通过实例对低能耗高舒适度医疗建筑的设计策略进行探索,之后对其能耗和舒适度进行评价。     

PVA纤维和纳米SiO2对地聚合物砂浆断裂性能的影响

针对72个尺寸为100mm×100mm×400mm的预切口小梁试件进行三点弯曲断裂试验,以临界有效裂缝长度、起裂断裂韧度、失稳断裂韧度和断裂能等参数为评价指标,研究了纳米SiO_2质量分数或聚乙烯醇(PVA)纤维体积分数对地聚合物砂浆断裂性能的影响.结果表明:在一定掺量范围内,纳米SiO_2或PVA纤维的掺入可以提高地聚合物砂浆的断裂性能;PVA纤维或纳米SiO_2掺入地聚合物砂浆后,能较大幅度地提高小梁试件的峰值荷载、临界有效裂缝长度、起裂断裂韧度、失稳断裂韧度和断裂能,这些断裂参数在纳米SiO_2掺量或PVA纤维掺量逐渐增大时皆呈现先增大后减小的趋势,并且在PVA纤维体积分数为1.0%或纳米SiO_2质量分数为1.5%的条件下达到最大值,此时小梁试件的荷载-裂缝口张开位移曲线最饱满,与坐标轴之间的包络面积最大.     

系统理论与频率分析法在水资源评价中的应用

频率分析法适用于具有长系列的泉水流量观测资料的泉域的水资源评价。当泉水流量观测系列较短而降水系列较长时,可采用系统理论分析法延长泉水流量系列。该文在对系统理论和频率分析法进行介绍的基础上,对陕西省神木县考考赖沟水源地水资源进行了评价。     

Dynamic analysis of the wind turbine drivetrain considering shaft bending effect

In the previous research, shaft torsional flexibility was only considered in the wind turbine drivetrain. However, if shaft is longer and thinner than other parts, two components which are connected by shaft affect each other by rotation about bending axis. It means that there are deflections of shaft about not only torsional direction but also bending direction. In this research, we introduced spherical joint which have 3 spring stiffness about all rotational axis to define shaft. And we analyzed that how shaft bending affect drivetrain rotation, translation motion and gear mesh contact force. To do these processes, we simulated the 3-dimensional wind turbine drive train model which has bearing stiffness, gear mesh stiffness, and shaft flexibility. The gear mesh stiffness was defined by Fourier series. And the equation of motion was acquired by Lagrange equation and kinematical constraints to represent shaft flexibility. About numerical analysis, the Newmark method was used to get results. Lastly, fast Fourier transform which converts results from time domain to frequency was used.     

甲烷的自扩散系数的分子动力学模拟研究

运用分子动力学模拟方法研究了甲烷在较宽温度和压力范围的分子自扩散系数。结果表明,甲烷自扩散系数的模拟值与文献实验值吻合得较好。因此,可以采用分子动力学模拟来代替实验,获得高温高压条件下实验难以测量的甲烷自扩散系数。     

基于PC104的水下航行器导航系统设计

导航系统是水下航行器的重要组成部分,为了实现水下航行器的精确导航,采用了以PC104工控计算机为核心、GPS定位和惯性导航相结合的导航系统的改进方案,给出了导航系统的工作原理及基本硬件组成,介绍了惯性测量单元、GPS、电子罗盘等传感器与主控计算机进行通讯的各个软件模块的功能,并使用了异步卡尔曼滤波器进行数据融合与航位推算;该系统在提高导航精度的同时还具有通用性,可适用于不同类型的水下航行器。