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81.
Formation of hydroxyapatite layer on bioactive Ti and Ti–6Al–4V by simple chemical technique 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Rakngarm A Miyashita Y Mutoh Y 《Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine》2008,19(5):1953-1961
Bioactive coatings on cp-Ti and Ti–6Al–4V were prepared by a simple chemical technique. Specimens of cp-Ti and Ti–6Al–4V were
initially immersed in a 5 M NaOH solution at 60 °C for 24 h which resulted in the formation of a porous network structure
composed of Na2Ti5O11 and TiO2. The specimens were then immersed in a Ca-rich solution either at 60 °C or at 36.5 °C for 24 h. During this treatment Na+ was released and Ti–OH groups were formed. Subsequently, TiO2 dissociated from the Ti–OH group and combined with calcium ions to form calcium titanate (CaTiO3), which was embedded in a titania gel layer during the immersion period. The specimens were then immersed in r-SBF at 36.5 °C
for 1–30 days. After immersion in r-SBF for 3 days, HAp (hydroxyapatite) spheroids began to deposit on the substrates, and
within a week the surfaces were covered. The HAp spheroids were 5 μm in size with a Ca/P ratio of 1.68 which was close to
bone-like apatite (1.67). The average thicknesses of HAp layer after immersion in r-SBF for 3 days, 1 week, and 2 weeks were
3.8, 5.6, and 6.4 μm, respectively. A scratch test, used to evaluate the adhesive strength of the HAp layer, showed that the
HAp layer was not scraped off until the applied load reached 26 N. 相似文献
82.
83.
Yoshiharu Kariya Yasunori Hirata Masahisa Otsuka 《Journal of Electronic Materials》1999,28(11):1263-1269
Quad Flat Pack (QFP) Leads/Sn-3.5Ag-X (X=Bi and Cu) joint was thermally cycled between 243 K and 403 K or 273 K and 373 K,
and both metallographic examination and mechanical pull test were performed to evaluate thermal fatigue damage of the joint.
The addition of bismuth drastically degrades the thermal fatigue resistance of Sn-3.5Ag solder. On the other hand, the pull
strength of Sn-3.5Ag-Cu solder joints slightly decreased with increasing number of thermal cycles, though it still remains
higher in comparison to that for conventional Sn-37Pb or bismuth containing solder joint. The behavior observed here reflects
the isothermal fatigue properties of bulk solder, because thermal fatigue crack initiates at the surface of solder fillet
and propagates within the fillet in an early stage of fatigue damage. Furthermore, the lead phases lying at the interface
between lead-frame and bismuth containing solder joint may promote the crack propagation at the interface, resulting in the
extremely low thermal fatigue resistance of the joint. 相似文献
84.
Kimiaki Tsutsui Hiroaki Yoshimizu Yoshiharu Tsujita Takatoshi Kinoshita 《应用聚合物科学杂志》1999,73(13):2733-2738
The permeability coefficients of O2, N2, and CO2 gases at 25°C were examined for composite membranes that were prepared by filling poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO) with different molecular weights into a porous membrane. The permeability coefficients of O2, N2, and CO2 were 2 × 10−10 – 4 × 10−10, 5 × 10−11 – 9.5 × 10−11, and 6 × 10−10 – 1 × 10−9 (cm3 STPcm/cm2 s cmHg), respectively. The higher permeability coefficients of CO2 are explained in terms of high solubility of CO2 in filled PEO. The permeability coefficient of CO2 was affected by the degree of crystallinity of PEO in the composite. On the other hand, there was little effect of crystallinity on O2 and N2 permeability coefficients. Some probable relationships between selectivities of O2 to N2 and CO2 to N2 and the degree of crystallinity of PEO were observed. The CO2 gas permeability coefficients of the composite membrane for PEO50000 (Mw = 5 × 104) showed a marked change due to melting or crystallization of PEO. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 73: 2733–2738, 1999 相似文献
85.
Microbial synthesis of copolymers of [R]-3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB) and 4-hydroxybutyrate (4HB), P(3HB-co-4HB), by Alcaligenes eutrophus, Alcaligenes latus, and Comamonas acidovorans from various carbon sources has been studied. The copolyester compositions varied from 0 to 100 mol% 4HB, depending on the microorganism and the combination of carbon substrates supplied. The thermal and physical properties of compositions with 0–100 mol% 4HB were investigated. The copolyesters represented a wide variety of polymeric materials, from hard crystalline plastic to very elastic rubbers, depending on composition. The copolyester films with high 4HB fractions (64–100 mol% 4HB) exhibited the characteristics of a thermoplastic elastomer, and the tensile strength increased from 17 to 104 MPa as the 4HB fraction increased. The enzymatic degradation of P(3HB-co-4HB) films was studied in an aqueous solution of extracellular polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) depolymerase from Alcaligenes faecalis or lipase from Rhizopus delemer. The erosion rate of P(3HB-co-4HB) films was strongly dependent on the copolymer composition. In addition, environmental degradation of P(3HB-co-4HB) films in sea water was investigated. 相似文献
86.
Fluid jet polishing is a machining process used increasingly in the ultra-precision manufacture of optical components and replication molds. While the process bears some similarities with abrasive water jet machining, it operates at much lower pressure and grit size. This paper presents a computational fluid dynamics model based on latest multiphase turbulent flow computational methods, simulating dynamically the interface between fluid and air. The model is then used to optimize surface texture performance down to 1 nm Ra on electroless nickel plated optical dies, while removing diamond turning marks. Some conclusions are drawn regarding the nature of the removal mechanism. 相似文献
87.
88.
Super-smooth finishing of diamond turned hard X-ray molding dies by combined fluid jet and bonnet polishing 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fabricating super-smooth aspheric optics for future hard X-ray telescopes will require a new process chain. Whilst diamond turning of electroless nickel plating can generate ~100 nm P-V aspheric molding dies, associated turning marks must be removed before replication. An innovative two-step freeform finishing method is presented, that combines fluid jet and precessed bonnet polishing on a common 7-axis CNC platform. The removal rate and surface texture relationship of fluid jet with abrasive type and pressure is documented, and form correction demonstrated down to 27 nm P-V. A novel bonnet tool-pathing method called “continuous precessing” is then applied, which delivers super-smooth anisotropic surface texture of 0.28 nm rms. 相似文献
89.
Miyazawa M Kimura M Yabe Y Tsukamoto D Sakamoto M Horibe I Okuno Y 《Journal of oleo science》2008,57(11):585-590
The profile of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from Glomerella cingulata using solid phase microextraction (SPME) with different fibers, Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), Polydimethylsiloxane/Divinylbenzene (PDMS/DVB), Carboxen/Polydimethylsiloxane (CAR/PDMS) and Divinylbenzene/Carboxen/Polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/CAR/PDMS), was investigated. C4-C6 aliphatic alcohols were the predominant fraction of VOCs isolated by CAR/PDMS fiber. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons represented 20.3% of VOCs isolated by PDMS fiber. During the growth phase, Ochracin was produced in the large majority of VOCs. 3-Methylbutanol and phenylethyl alcohol were found in the log phase of it. Alcohols were found in cultures of higher age, while sesquiterpenes were found to be characteristic of initial growth stage of G. cingulata. 相似文献
90.
Yoshiharu Tsukamoto 《Architectural Design》2012,82(5):88-93
Since the Second World War, the urban fabric of Tokyo has been shaped by individual landownership and the proliferation of the detached house. For most Japanese architectural offices, domestic practice provides the mainstay of their work. This focus on the single private house, though, also limits the range of possibilities for urban interventions. Yoshiharu Tsukamoto of Atelier Bow-Wow explains how through its development of ‘Void Metabolism’, the studio has been able to turn its focus on the residential into a positive, breaking down the barriers between private and shared space in the city. 相似文献