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61.
Kusakari Keiichirou Nakamura Masaki Toyama Yoshihito 《Journal of Automated Reasoning》2006,37(3):205-229
To simplify the task of proving termination and AC-termination of term rewriting systems, elimination transformations have
been vigorously studied since the 1990s. Dummy elimination, distribution elimination, general dummy elimination, and improved
general dummy elimination are examples of elimination transformations. In this paper we clarify the essence of elimination
transformations based on the notion of dependency pairs. We first present a theorem that gives a general and essential property
for elimination transformations, making them sound with AC-termination. Based on the theorem, we design an elimination transformation
called the argument filtering transformation. Next, we clarify the relation among various elimination transformations by comparing
them with a corresponding restricted argument filtering transformation. Finally, we compare the AC-dependency pair method
with the argument filtering transformation.
Parts of this work were done while K. Kusakari was completing his Ph.D. thesis, “Termination, AC-Termination and Dependence
Pairs of Term Rewriting Systems,” at Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, School of Information Science (March,
2000). A preliminary version of parts of this article appeared in K. Kusakari, M. Nakamura, Y. Toyama, Argument filtering
transformation, Proc. of Int. Conf. on Principles and Practice of Declarative Programming, LNCS 1702 (Springer-Verlag, 1999)
pp.47–61. 相似文献
62.
63.
Ken Yoshioka Tetsuya Okuda Hisashi Fujii Yoshihito Kamimoto Hidehiro Kamiya 《Advanced Powder Technology》2013,24(5):886-890
Two types of disperser namely, a high speed agitation bead mill and a colloidal mill, were used for the dispersion behavior control of TiO2 nanoparticles (20 nm in average primary diameter) in an aqueous suspension. A composite thin film raging in thickness from 90 to 400 nm was prepared from the coating suspension following the addition of a commercial ethyl silicate oligomer binder into the prepared suspension by means of a spray coating method. The mean aggregate size of TiO2 nanoparticles in the aqueous suspension was found to be 80 nm and 290 nm in diameter, respectively, when using the agitated bead and colloidal milling methods. Large aggregates on the order of several hundred nanometers were found to remain in the suspension after colloidal milling. Further, a fine dispersion of TiO2 nanoparticles in the thin film produced using the agitation bead milling process promoted the photocatalytic activity and enhanced transparency of the film for visible light. The aggregate structure of TiO2 nanoparticles in an aqueous suspension was well maintained in the film prepared by a spray coating process. 相似文献
64.
Orientation of crystallites in (Bi,La) 4 Ti 3 O 12 (BLT) thin films were successfully controlled by adding such silicates and germanates as Bi 2 SiO 5 , ZrSiO 4 and La 2 GeO 5 . The ferroelectric films were formed by spin-coating mixed sol-gel solutions of BLT and silicate or germanate on a Pt/Ti/SiO 2 /Si structure. It was found from XRD analysis that the preferred orientation of crystallites in the BLT films was changed by the additives. That is, the orientation of crystallites in a Bi 2 SiO 5 -added BLT film was random, while it was almost perfectly c-axis-oriented in La 2 GeO 5 -added BLT and it was strongly (117)-oriented when ZrSiO 4 was added to BLT. It was also found that the remnant polarization and coercive field changed reflecting these different orientations. 相似文献
65.
Anaerobic treatment of municipal wastewater at ambient temperature: Analysis of archaeal community structure and recovery of dissolved methane 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
WM Bandara T Kindaichi H Satoh M Sasakawa Y Nakahara M Takahashi S Okabe 《Water research》2012,46(17):5756-5764
Anaerobic treatment is an attractive option for the biological treatment of municipal wastewater. In this study, municipal wastewater was anaerobically treated with a bench-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor at temperatures from 6 to 31 °C for 18 months to investigate total chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency, archaeal community structure, and dissolved methane (D-CH4) recovery efficiency. The COD removal efficiency was more than 50% in summer and below 40% in winter with no evolution of biogas. Analysis of the archaeal community structures of the granular sludge from the UASB using 16S rRNA gene-cloning indicated that after microorganisms had adapted to low temperatures, the archaeal community had a lower diversity and the relative abundance of acetoclastic methanogens decreased together with an increase in hydrogenotrophic methanogens. D-CH4, which was detected in the UASB effluent throughout the operation, could be collected with a degassing membrane. The ratio of the collection to recovery rates was 60% in summer and 100% in winter. For anaerobic treatment of municipal wastewater at lower temperatures, hydrogenotrophic methanogens play an important role in COD removal and D-CH4 can be collected to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and avoid wastage of energy resources. 相似文献
66.
Kazuhiko Imamura Yoshihito TsuyamaTerukage Hirata 《Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering》2011,111(1):37-40
We identified a novel fermented substance (FKA) produced by the edible Aspergillus oryzae strain AO-1 that inhibited dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) (IC50 = 3.41 mg·mL− 1). HPLC analysis of FKA showed specific one metabolite (WYK-1), which inhibited DPP-IV (IC50 = 6.98 μM). WYK-1 was identified as a tetrahydroxyisoquinoline derivative. Interestingly, we examined 60 strains of A. oryzae, AO-1 was the only A. oryzae strain that produces WYK-1. This is the first report that an edible A. oryzae strain produces a DPP-IV inhibitor such as WYK-1. This study also suggests that FKA has applications in the development of novel antihyperglycemic therapeutics or functional foods. 相似文献
67.
The relation between corrosion resistance and microstructure of Mg-Zn-Y alloys with a long period stacking ordered (LPSO) phase has been investigated. In order to clarify the influence of microstructure evolution by rapid solidification on the occurrence of localized corrosion such as filiform corrosion, several Mg97.25Zn0.75Y2 (at. %) alloys with different cooling rates were fabricated by the gravity casting, copper mould injection casting and melt-spinning techniques and their corrosion behavior and microstructures were examined by the salt immersion tests, electrochemical measurements, XRD and TEM. When the cooling rate was less than 3 × 104 K s−1, filiform corrosion propagated in the early stage of salt immersion test, due to formation of a massive block-shaped LPSO phase during casting. On the other hand, when the cooling rate was increased up to 3 × 104 K s−1, rapidly solidified (RS) alloys exhibited excellent corrosion resistance because of grain refinement and formation of a supersaturated single-phase solid solution. Large-sized Mg97.25Zn0.75Y2 alloys fabricated by consolidation of the RS ribbons also exhibited excellent corrosion resistance with passivity. Enhancement of microstructural and electrochemical homogeneities in the Mg-Zn-Y alloys by rapid solidification techniques results in the passivity of substrate materials. 相似文献
68.
Hayashi Y Katsumoto Y Omori S Yasuda A Asami K Kaibara M Uchimura I 《Analytical chemistry》2010,82(23):9769-9774
We present dielectric coagulometry as a new technique to estimate the risk of venous thrombosis by measuring the permittivity change associated with the blood coagulation process. The method was first tested for a simple system of animal erythrocytes suspended in fibrinogen solution, where the coagulation rate was controlled by changing the amount of thrombin added to the suspension. Second, the method was applied to a more realistic system of human whole blood, and the inherent coagulation process was monitored without artificial acceleration by a coagulation initiator. The time dependence of the permittivity at a frequency around 1 MHz showed a distinct peak at a time that corresponds to the clotting time. Our theoretical modeling revealed that the evolution of heterogeneity and the sedimentation in the system cause the peak of the permittivity. 相似文献
69.
Mei-Ling Chong Nor'Aini Abdul Rahman Phang Lai Yee Suraini Abd Aziz Raha Abdul Rahim Yoshihito Shirai Mohd Ali Hassan 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2009,34(21):8859-8865
A local bacterial isolate from palm oil mill effluent (POME) sludge, identified as Clostridium butyricum EB6, was used for biohydrogen production. Optimization of biohydrogen production was performed via statistical analysis, namely response surface methodology (RSM), with respect to pH, glucose and iron concentration. The results show that pH, glucose concentration and iron concentration significantly influenced the biohydrogen gas production individually, interactively and quadratically (P < 0.05). The center composite design (CCD) results indicated that pH 5.6, 15.7 g/L glucose and 0.39 g/L FeSO4 were the optimal conditions for biohydrogen production, yielding 2.2 mol H2/mol glucose. In confirmation of the experimental model, t-test results showed that curve fitted to the experimental data had a high confidence level, at 95% with t = 2.225. Based on the results of this study, optimization of the culture conditions for C. butyricum EB6 significantly increased the production of biohydrogen. 相似文献
70.
Sawaguchi Y Furutani E Shirakami G Araki M Fukuda K 《IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering》2008,55(3):874-887
In ambulatory surgery, anesthetic drugs must be administered at a suitable rate to prevent adverse reactions after discharge from the hospital. To realize more appropriate anesthesia, we have developed a hypnosis control system, which administers propofol as an anesthetic drug to regulate the bispectral index (BIS), an electroencephalography (EEG)-derived index reflecting the hypnosis of a patient. This system consists of three functions: 1) a feedback controller using a model-predictive control method, which can adequately accommodate the effects of time delays; 2) a parameter estimation function of individual differences; and 3) a risk control function for preventing undesirable states such as drug overinfusion or intraoperative arousal. With the approval of the ethics committee of our institute, 79 clinical trials took place since July 2002. The results show that our system can reduce the total amount of propofol infusion and maintain the BIS more accurately than anesthesiologist's manual adjustment. 相似文献