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91.
Preparation of Aragonite Whiskers 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
Yoshio Ota Saburo Inui† Tetsushi Iwashita† Toshihiro Kasuga† Yoshihiro Abe† 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1995,78(7):1983-1984
A simple synthetic method for preparing aragonite whiskers has been developed. A suspension of CaCl2 -MgCl2 -Mg(OH)2 with pH ∼9 has been prepared by adding Ca(OH)2 to MgCl2 aqueous solution. CaCO3 whiskers (aragonite phase) have been prepared easily by blowing CO2 -containing gas into the suspension. The whiskers have high aspect ratios ranging from 20 to 80 with diameters of 0.5–1 μm . 相似文献
92.
Maeda Yoshitake; Koga Hiroshi; Yamada Hidenori; Ueda Tadashi; Imoto Taiji 《Protein engineering, design & selection : PEDS》1995,8(2):201-205
To increase the folding yield of concentrated reduced lysozyme,we developed a renaturation method by means of dialysis fromconcentrated urea with redox agents. After lysozyme was incubatedin the reducing buffer (8 M urea solution) with oxidized glutathione,renaturation of reduced lysozyme was started by dialysis againstthe dialyzing buffer containing 8 M urea with redox agents.The urea concentration of the dialyzing bottle was graduallydiluted with dialyzing buffer without urea at a flow rate of0.1 ml/min by high pressure pump. Using this systematic dialysis,a concentration as high as 5 mg/ml of reduced lysozyme couldbe renaturated in 80% yield, while the folding yield was <5%even at a concentration of 1 mg/ml using a conventional rapiddilution method [Goldberg et al. (1991) Biochemistry, 30, 27902797].Therefore, it was concluded that gentle removal of urea fromdenatured proteins, dissolved in concentrated urea solution,by means of dialysis should be useful to renature denaturedproteins effectively. 相似文献
93.
An investigation was undertaken on the adsorption and desorption properties of 2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate grafted polyethylene (PE‐g‐PDMAEMA) films to anionic dye anions with one to three sulfonic groups in response to pH and temperature changes. The amounts of dye anions adsorbed on the PE‐g‐PDMAEMA films passed through the maximum values at about pH 3 because of an increase in the protonation of dimethylamino groups caused by a decrease in the pH value. The amounts of adsorbed dye anions decreased below pH 3 because the ionic strength increased with the addition of HCl to adjust the initial pH values of the aqueous dye solutions. The amounts of adsorbed dye anions decreased with an increase in the number of sulfonic groups in the dye molecules at the same pH value because electrostatic repulsion was generated between free sulfonic groups of the dye anions adsorbed onto the PE‐g‐PDMAEMA films and free dye anions in the medium. A large number of dye anions adsorbed were desorbed from the PE‐g‐PDMAEMA film with initial pH values above 11.0. The cyclic processes of adsorption at pH 3.0 and desorption at pH 11.0 were repeated without considerable fatigue. The PE‐g‐PDMAEMA films showed practically regenerative adsorption and desorption behavior in response to the pH changes. In addition, when the dye‐anion‐adsorbed PE‐g‐PDMAEMA films were alternately immersed in water at two different temperatures, dye anions were desorbed in water at higher temperatures without any chemical agents because of the deprotonation of dimethylamino groups and thermosensitive contraction of grafted PDMAEMA chains. These results indicate that PE‐g‐PDMAEMA films can be applied as regenerative ion‐exchange membranes for adsorption and desorption processes of anionic compounds in response to the pH and temperature. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 99: 381–391, 2006 相似文献
94.
Masanori Yamada 《Electrochimica acta》2003,48(17):2411-2415
In recent years, a lot of attentions have been paid for a development of water-free polymer electrolyte membranes fuel cells (PEMFC) at intermediate temperatures (above 100 °C) because of many technological advantages of higher temperature operation. However, the proton conductivity of conventional polymer membranes under water-free condition is usually very low and the polymeric membranes are not stable at higher temperatures. So, the development of non-hydrous proton conducting membrane under water-free condition has been a state of the art issue in the advanced PEMFC technology. In this study, non-hydrous protonic conducting material was prepared by the mixing of acidic surfactant of mono-dodecylphosphate (MDP) and organic base of benzimidazole (BnIm). The proton conductivity and thermal stability of MDP-BnIm mixed material increased with the mixing ratio of BnIm. Maximum proton conductivity of MDP-BnIm mixed material (BnIm mixing ratio of 200 wt.%. vs. MDP) was found to be 1×10−3 S cm−1 at 150 °C under water-free condition. 相似文献
95.
Yasushi Murakami Taki Matsumoto Kiyochika Yahikozawa Yoshio Takasu 《Catalysis Today》1995,23(4):383-389
The sol-gel process for the hydrolysis and polycondensation of tin tetra-n-butoxide in butanol was followed by viscosity measurements. The precipitation of tin-containing ultrafine particles was observed without any variation in the solution viscosity in the absence of diethylene glycols, while the viscosity increase was made without any precipitation by the addition of diethylene glycol. The induction period and the rate of the viscosity increase after the induction period was independent of the diethylene glycol content but depended upon the water content. The Monte Carlo simulation data were consistent with data for the viscosity experiment. The simulation was based on a kinetic model of the slow hydrolysis of tin tetra-n-butoxide, the reverse reaction of hydrolysis, and the polycondensation of the hydroxy derivatives. 相似文献
96.
M. Fukumoto T. Yamaguchi M. Yamada T. Yasui 《Journal of Thermal Spray Technology》2007,16(5-6):905-912
A variety of metallic powder particles were thermally sprayed onto the mirror polished metallic substrate surface and the
effect of both substrate temperature and ambient pressure on the flattening behavior of the particle was systematically investigated.
In the flattening behavior of the sprayed particle onto the substrate surface, critical conditions were recognized both in
the substrate temperature and ambient pressure. That is, the flattening behavior changed transitionally on that critical temperature
and pressure range, respectively. A transition temperature, T
t, and transition pressure, P
t, were defined and introduced, respectively for those critical conditions. The fact that the dependence of both transition
temperature and transition pressure on the sprayed particle material had similar tendency indicated that the wetting of the
substrate by the molten particles seemed to be a domination in the flattening. Three-dimensional transition curvature by combining
both transition temperature and transition pressure dependence was proposed as a practical and effective controlling principle
of the thermal spray process.
This article is an invited paper selected from presentations at the 2007 International Thermal Spray Conference and has been
expanded from the original presentation. It is simultaneously published in Global Coating Solutions, Proceedings of the 2007 International Thermal Spray Conference, Beijing, China, May 14-16, 2007, Basil R. Marple, Margaret M. Hyland, Yuk-Chiu Lau, Chang-Jiu Li, Rogerio S. Lima, and Ghislain
Montavon, Ed., ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 2007. 相似文献
97.
This paper deals with the frame topology optimization under the frequency constraint and proposes an algorithm that solves a sequence of relaxation problems to obtain a local optimal solution with high quality. It is known that an optimal solution of this problem often has multiple eigenvalues and the feasible set is disconnected. Due to these two difficulties, conventional nonlinear programming approaches often converge to a local optimal solution that is unacceptable from a practical point of view. In this paper, we formulate the frequency constraint as a positive semidefinite constraint of a certain symmetric matrix, and then relax this constraint to make the feasible set connected. The proposed algorithm solves a sequence of the relaxation problems with gradually decreasing the relaxation parameter. The positive semidefinite constraint is treated with the logarithmic barrier function and, hence, the algorithm finds no difficulty in multiple eigenvalues of a solution. Numerical experiments show that global optimal solutions, or at least local optimal solutions with high qualities, can be obtained with the proposed algorithm. 相似文献
98.
99.
Mishra JS Sakamoto R Motojima G Matsuyama A Yamada H 《The Review of scientific instruments》2011,82(2):023505
A low speed single barrel pellet injector, using a mechanical punch device has been developed for alternative injection in the large helical device. A pellet is injected by the combined operation of a mechanical punch and a pneumatic propellant system. The pellet shape is cylindrical, 3 mm in diameter and 3 mm in length. Using this technique the speed of the pellet can be controlled flexibly in the range of 100-450 m/s, and a higher speed can be feasible for a higher gas pressure. The injector is equipped with a guide tube selector to direct the pellet to different injection locations. Pellets are exposed to several curved parts with the curvature radii R(c) = 0.8 and 0.3 m when they are transferred in guided tubes to the respective injection locations. Pellet speed variation with pressure at different pellet formation temperatures has been observed. Pellet intactness tests through these guide tubes show a variation in the intact speed limit over a range of pellet formation temperatures from 6.5 to 9.8 K. Pellet speed reduction of less than 6% has been observed after the pellet moves through the curved guide tubes. 相似文献
100.
Wakabayashi K Matsumura T Nakayama Y Koshi M 《The Review of scientific instruments》2011,82(2):026112
We performed miniature flyer impact experiments to investigate the relationship between the apparent (u(a)) and actual (u(A)) particle velocities measured by a velocity interferometer in single-crystal lithium fluoride (LiF) that was shock-compressed along the [100] axis. The miniature flyer was accelerated to velocities in the range 652.5-1937.6 m/s by a tabletop pulsed laser. An empirical relationship of u(a) = (1.2749 ± 0.0102)u(A) was obtained. The obtained relationship agreed well with the results of a previous study within the experimental errors and its uncertainty was less than ±1%. This result indicates that the present experimental technique is effective for measuring the relationship between u(a) and u(A) of shocked transparent materials with a comparable accuracy to conventional methods. 相似文献