镨掺杂铁酸铋粉晶的结构和磁性研究

Pr掺杂的BiFeO3粉晶是由溶胶凝胶方法制备的,掺杂浓度为0≤x≤0.5.分别用X光衍射和综合物性测量系统对Bi1-x Prx FeO3粉晶样品的结构和磁性进行了测量和分析。分析结果表明,Pr掺杂与其他稀土元素掺杂明显不同.随着Pr掺杂量的增加,母体BiFeO3的结构由菱形R3c相变为正交Pnma相的过程中,出现了稳定的PbZrO3型正交Pbam过渡相.另外,随着掺杂浓度的增大,Bi1-x Prx FeO3的磁性逐渐增强,剩余磁化强度Mr在相变边界处有最大值,并且在进入Pnma相后逐渐减小。     

化工干燥设备的材料选用及其防腐蚀

由于在干燥过程中处理的物料各种各样,因此在干燥设备制造时,必须根据具体工况选用具体的材料,并落实相应的制造与安装方法。论述了化工干燥设备的材料选用,提出了化工干燥设备的防腐蚀措施。     

化工原理实验在培养化工专业应用技术型人才中的作用探析

化工原理实验是化工原理实践教学的重要环节,是化工专业人才培养方案中不可或缺的部分,在培养化工专业应用技术型人才中起着至关重要的作用。从树立学生的工程观念、提高学生的实践能力、培养学生的创新思维三个方面探析了化工原理实验在培养化工专业应用技术型人才中的作用。     

抗静电PA6–PEG共聚物的合成与性能研究

以己内酰胺和聚乙二醇(PEG)为原料,通过熔融缩聚合成了聚酰胺(PA)6基抗静电聚醚酯酰胺共聚物(PA6–PEG)。研究了样品的热水萃取率,通过傅里叶变换红外光谱、电子万能试验机研究了样品的结构和力学性能,并测试了抗静电性能。结果表明,样品的热水萃取率随着PEG添加量的增加而提高;样品为嵌段共聚物,通过酯基相连接;PEG的加入能够有效降低PA6的表面电阻率,达到109Ω数量级,可以满足抗静电的要求;PEG对样品有一定的增韧作用,可以通过调整PEG的含量获得需要的力学性能。     

电沉积Ni-Fe-PTFE复合镀层的微观形貌及耐蚀性

采用电沉积方法在铁基体表面制备Ni-Fe-PTFE复合镀层。利用扫描电子显微镜分析镀层的微观形貌,通过XRD对镀层的相组成进行分析,利用电化学测试系统测定复合镀层在质量分数为3.5%的NaCl溶液中的极化曲线和交流阻抗谱。结果表明:当电流密度为5A/dm2时,镀层结晶细致、均匀,其自腐蚀电位最正,具有较好的耐腐蚀倾向。     

Fabrication of PLLA with High Ductility and Transparence by Blending with Tiny Amount of PVDF and Compatibilizers

Poly(L‐lactic acid) (PLLA) with high ductility and transparence is fabricated by a blending tiny amount of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and reactive comb compatibilizers (RCC). Upon blending, the reaction between terminal carboxyl groups in PLLA and expoxy groups in RCC produces graft copolymer (PLLA‐g‐poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)), which locates at the PVDF/PLLA interface due to the balanced stress on two sides. On the one hand, the PVDF domain size decreases remarkably with the help of compatibilization, accounting for the excellent transparence. On the other hand, the interface is enhanced significantly, resulting in an activated PLLA layer surrounding PVDF domains. The thickness exhibits higher magnitude because of the high molecular weight of grafted PLLA (relative to premade compatibilizers). During uniaxial tension, the activated PLLA layers (in addition to PVDF) can cause effective energy absorption and dissipation in the case of percolation of them, which is the reason for the better ductility. These results provide an efficient strategy to improve the ductility and transparence simultaneously.     

Cycling- and heating-induced evolution of piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties of CuO-doped K0.5Na0.5NbO3 ceramic

For accepter-doped perovskite piezoelectric ceramics, macroscopic properties of the materials (eg, hardening, fatigue, and aging) are closely related to microscopic characteristics (eg, oxygen vacancies and defect dipoles). In this work, the relationship of macroscopic and microscopic characteristics in CuO-doped K_0.5Na_0.5NbO₃ (KNN) ceramic has been studied by subjecting the material to electric field cycling, quenching, heating, and consequently aging. The introduction of CuO in KNN generates and . The defect dipoles exhibit obviously the pinning effect on ferroelectric domains and thus induce a completely pinched/double P-E loop and excellent hardening piezoelectricity of high Q_m of 2235. With the destruction of short-range symmetry uniformity between defect dipoles and ferroelectric dipoles induced by electric field cycling, quenching and heating, the ceramic can be depinned and softened. As a result, the depinned ceramic possesses an opened single ferroelectric hysteresis loop and the significantly decreasing Q_m. A distinctive aging is observed in the depinned ceramic. This study provides deep insights into the evolution of electrical properties of accepter-modified alkali niobate perovskite ceramics under electric field cycling, quenching, and heating.     

基于正交试验法塑料齿轮浇注系统优化及收缩分析

以塑料齿轮为研究对象,在CAD软件UG中建立齿轮模型。应用Moldfl ow分析工具,选用聚甲醛(POM)材料,采用点浇口填充方式,以注射成型质量中的翘曲变形量和体积收缩率为质量指标,运用CAE模拟技术结合正交试验,分析塑料件结构、浇口个数和浇口尺寸3因素对塑料件质量的影响规律。用极差分析法分别研究产生最小翘曲变形量和体积收缩率时的最优因素。运用多目标综合平衡法,选出同时满足最小体积收缩率和翘曲变形量的因素组合,并对最优参数方案进行模拟验证,进而得出最优浇注系统方案。     

Development of a Pulsed-Field Differential Mobility Analyzer: A Method for Measuring Shape Parameters for Nonspherical Particles

For a nonspherical particle, a standard differential mobility analyzer (DMA) measurement yields a mobility-equivalent spherical diameter, but provides no information about the degree of sphericity. However, given that the electrical mobility for nonspheres is orientation-dependent, and that orientation can be manipulated using electric fields of varying strength, one can, in principle, extract some type of shape information through a systematic measurement of mobility as a function of particle orientation. Here, we describe the development of a pulsed-field differential mobility analyzer (PFDMA) which enables one to change the peak E-field experienced by the particle to induce orientation, while still maintaining the same time-averaged field strength as a standard DMA experiment. The instrument is validated with polystyrene latex (PSL) spheres with accurately known size, and gold rods with dimensions accurately determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We demonstrate how the instrument can be used for particle separation and extraction of shape information. In particular, we show how one can extract both length and diameter information for rod-like particles. This generic approach can be used to obtain dynamic shape factors or other multivariate dimensional information (e.g., length and diameter).

Copyright 2014 American Association for Aerosol Research     

Identification of LPV Models with Non-uniformly Spaced Operating Points by Using Asymmetric Gaussian Weights

In this paper, asymmetric Gaussian weighting functions are introduced for the identification of linear parameter varying systems by utilizing an input-output multi-model structure. It is not required to select operating points with uniform spacing andmore flexibility is achieved. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach, severalweighting functions, including linear, Gaussian and asymmetric Gaussianweighting functions, are evaluated and compared. It is demonstrated through simulations with a continuous stirred tank reactor model that the proposed approach provides more satisfactory approximation.