微杯电子纸及其后加工制程

SiPix利用独特的微杯(Microcup)结构和顶部灌注封装技术，通过连续整卷高速涂布的制程成功地制造出高性能的双稳性、装填电泳微粒的电子纸。SiPix可提供下列两种规格形式任意的EPD卷式成品：(A)用于有源矩阵EPD和直接驱动产品的可剥离保护膜／已灌装及密封的Microcup／无图案导体膜夹层卷；及（P）用于无源矩阵的行导体膜／已灌装及密封的Microcup／列导体膜夹层卷。已经开发出将EPD卷制成不同的显示模块或产品的简单的后续加工制程。     

Inhibition effect of carbon dioxide on the oxidation of hydrogen over a platinum foil catalyst

This paper investigates the catalytic ignition of the H₂/O₂/CO₂ mixture on platinum in a stagnation flow at atmospheric pressure experimentally and numerically. We measure the ignition temperatures of the gas mixtures flowing towards resistively heated platinum with various composition ratios and various diluent gases of N₂, Ar and CO₂. Compared with N₂ or Ar, the CO₂ dilution shows higher ignition temperature by about 50 K, even at the same composition ratio. The ignition temperature increase is proportional to the dilution ratio. Through the numerical simulation, it is illustrated that higher ignition temperature is caused by the adsorption of CO₂ and following dissociation on platinum surface, which was to date considered negligible in catalytic combustion.     

An adaptive p-persistent MAC scheme for multimedia WLAN

The letter proposes an adaptive p-persistent-based (APP) medium access control (MAC) scheme for the IEEE 802.11e distributed WLAN supporting multimedia services. The APP MAC scheme adaptively gives differentiated permission probabilities to transmission stations which are in different access category and with various waiting delay. Simulation results show that the APP MAC scheme can improve the performance of multimedia WLAN, such as small voice packet dropping probability, low delay variation, and high system throughput, compared to conventional MAC algorithms     

ESD protection design to overcome internal damage on interface circuits of a CMOS IC with multiple separated power pins

This paper reports a real case of electrostatic discharge (ESD) improvement on a complementary metal oxide semiconductor integrated circuit (IC) product with multiple separated power pins. After ESD stresses, the internal damage have been found to locate at the interface circuit connecting between different circuit blocks with different power supplies. Some ESD designs have been implemented to rescue this IC product to meet the required ESD specification. By adding only an extra ESD clamp N-channel metal oxide semiconductor with a channel width of 10 /spl mu/m between the interface node and the ground line, the human-body-model (HBM) ESD level of this IC product can be improved from the original 0.5 to 3 kV. By connecting the separated vertical sync signal (VSS) power lines through the ESD conduction circuit to a common VSS ESD bus realized by the seal ring, the HBM ESD level of the enhanced version IC product with 12 separated power supplies pairs can be significantly improved from original 1 kV up to > 5 kV, without the noise coupling issue.     

Using buried capacitor in LTCC-MLC balun

A novel chip-type ceramic balun designed in the 2.4 GHz ISM band frequency is presented. A buried capacitor is included in the balun, so that the length of the coupled transmission lines can be reduced and can be designed very easily. A meander or spiral broadside coupled-line is adopted to realise the proposed LTCC multi-layer balun. The measured performances of phase and amplitude balance for this LTCC-MLC balun show a good match with computer simulation     

Jitter considerations in high bit rate digital video signals

While digital signals tend to be more immune to noise as measured in analog systems, other noise related phenomena such as bit errors can cause problems which are equally as undesirable. This paper addresses one such noise artifact which is jitter in a digital bit stream. While the typical method of measuring jitter is with a sampling oscilloscope, a new technique using modulation domain analyzers was used. This method allows direct measurement of the spectral content of jitter. This technique has been used in the telecommunications industry and examples of their specifications are provided     

Inhibition of intratracheal lung cancer development by systemic delivery of E1A

Amplification or overexpression of HER-2/neu in human lung cancer has been correlated with poor prognosis and chemoresistance. We have previously reported that the adenovirus type 5 early region 1A (E1A) gene product can suppress HER-2/neu-mediated transformation phenotypes through inhibition of HER-2/neu expression. To find an efficient way to treat HER-2/neu-overexpressing lung cancer with E1A, a replication-deficient adenovirus containing the E1A gene, Ad.E1A(+), was used to transduce E1A into HER-2/neu-overexpressing and low expressing human lung cancer cell lines. Tumour cell growth in vitro and colony formation in soft agarose were greatly inhibited by Ad.E1A(+) transduction in HER-2/neu-overexpressing lung cancer cell lines. In HER-2/neu low expressing cell lines, E1A could not inhibit cell growth in vitro but could reduce the colony formation ability in soft agarose, indicating different effects of E1A in these two types of cancer cells. To test the therapeutic efficacy of E1A to lung cancer by systemic delivery in vivo, tumor-bearing mice were established by intratracheal injection of lung cancer cells and treated by i.v. tail injections of Ad.E1A(+). As a result, Ad.E1A(+) suppressed HER-2/neu overexpression and inhibited intratracheal lung cancer growth. However, no significant tumor suppression effect of Ad.E1A(+) was observed in mice bearing HER-2/neu low expressing cell line when the same therapeutic procedure was followed. Thus, we conclude that systemic delivery of Ad.E1A(+) can efficiently achieve therapeutic effect in HER-2/neu-overexpressing lung cancer in vivo.     

Enterococcal bacteremia in a medical center

BACKGROUND: The enterococci have become important nosocomial pathogens. They can cause multiple site infections and enterococcal bacteremia becomes more frequently associated with a high mortality rate. Previous studies of enterococcal bacteremia showed a variety of results. To establish the significance and importance of enterococci as nosocomial pathogens in this hospital, to characterize their clinical pictures and to search for the risk factors for mortality, this retrospective study was performed. METHODS: There were 208 cases of enterococcal bacteremia which occurred from 1988 to 1992. Twenty-seven cases had no medical charts, dismissing possibility of evaluation. Finally, 181 cases of enterococcal bacteremia were analysed. RESULTS: One hundred and eighteen episodes were nosocomial infections. Polymicrobial bacteremia occurred in 68.5% of the patients and the most common co-isolate was Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Those patients (78.5%) with underlying diseases and malignancies were the most common underlying problems. The portal of entry could be found in 69.6 percent of patients, with the gastrointestinal tract the most common sources. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed high gentamicin resistance rate (89.5%), and ampicillin still had about 80 percent sensitivity rate. The group who received specific antibiotic therapy for enterococcus showed lower mortality (36.4% versus 47.6%). Only one case had infective endocarditis. Forty-nine patients suffered from septic shock, the cause of 30 deaths. Totally 75 patients died during hospitalization. Besides sepsis, another major cause of death was their underlying diseases itself. CONCLUSIONS: Enterococci have no doubt become important nosocomial pathogens and enterococcal bacteremia were associated with high mortality, especially in elderly patients with underlying diseases such as malignancy or diabetes. When clinically dealing with sepsis from the gastrointestinal or biliary tract, especially when previous cephalosporins therapy showed no response, the possibility of enterococcal bacteremia should always be considered.     

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the central skull base: MR manifestations

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the MR characteristics of non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the skull base to help in the differential diagnosis of this neoplasm from other conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR of five patients, 7-64 years old, with pathologically proved lymphomas of the skull base were reviewed. Three cases had primary skull base lesions involving the sphenoid bone and the cavernous sinus. One case with a nasal cavity lesion involving the skull base and one with a relapsing skull base lesion of previously treated tonsillar lymphoma were included. RESULTS: The lesions had signal intensities that were similar to that of gray matter of brain on both T1- and T2-weighted imaging. Bilateral cavernous sinuses were involved with encasement of internal carotid arteries in every case. Postcontrast MR showed homogeneous enhancement of the tumor with dural infiltration along the planum sphenoidale, clivus, or tentorium. The clivus was destroyed or replaced by tumors in adult cases but in two children the clivus was preserved with intact sphenooccipital synchondrosis. In one case the tumor extended to the extracranial portion through the jugular foramen. CONCLUSION: The MR findings of a permeative lesion of the skull base, invasion of the cavernous sinus without arterial narrowing, infiltration along the dural surface, and an iso- or hypointensity with brain on T2-weighted imaging should suggest lymphoma.