H∞ ALMOST DISTURBANCE DECOUPLING FOR MIMO BILINEAR SYSTEMS

The H_∞ almost disturbance decoupling problem is considered. In this paper, a nonlinear design is proposed to find a state feedback controller for bilinear systems. The closed‐loop system is internally stable and achieves disturbance attenuation in nonlinear H_∞ sense. We defined a special form of Lyapunov function, which is constructed in terms of one or a set of positive definite constant matrices. If, except of the origin of system, the corresponding polynomial of the positive definite matrix (or several polynomials relevant to the positive definite constant matrices) has (have) no zero on a given subset of state space, then we can construct a controller to solve our problem. It is found that the controller structure could be complicated, but is feasible in computation and may require optimization technique to search the solution. We consider both SIMO and MIMO cases with illustrated examples.     

Four pi calibration and modeling of a bare germanium detector in a cylindrical field source

In this paper we describe a 4π cylindrical field acquisition configuration surrounding a bare (unshielded, uncollimated) high purity germanium detector. We perform an efficiency calibration with a flexible planar source and model the configuration in the 4π cylindrical field. We then use exact calculus to model the flux on the cylindrical sides and end faces of the detector. We demonstrate that the model accurately represents the experimental detection efficiency compared to that of a point source and to Monte Carlo N-particle (MCNP) calculations of the flux. The model sums over the entire source surface area and the entire detector surface area including both faces and the detector's cylindrical sides. Agreement between the model and both experiment and the MCNP calculation is within 8%.     

Fabrication of a high aspect ratio nanoporous array on silicon

In this study, a simple method for the fabrication of high aspect ratio silicon nanoporous arrays is developed. A N-type silicon wafer is used as the substrate material. A micro-scale pattern of the desired porous array is transferred to the front surface of the silicon wafer by photolithography after which the wafer is placed in a home-made fixture to efficiently expel the etching generated air and promptly hold the back-side illumination light. A halogen lamp is used as the light source for backside illumination to enhance the electron–hole pair generation. An anodization process is then carried out using a new etchant consisting of hydrofluoric acid and mixed EtOH and EMSO surfactant to effectively polish the pore surfaces and sharpen the tips of the etched pores. A nanochannel array with a nano-tip of 61.4?nm is obtained.     

Integrated framework of risk evaluation and risk allocation with bounded data

This paper presents an integrated framework for risk evaluation and risk allocation with bounded data in a critical risk management. A risk evaluation framework using the Imprecise Data Envelopment Analysis (IDEA) method is proposed to be applied to operations of Korean Army helicopters. The risks pertaining to pilots, missions and helicopters are evaluated based on bounded data, and pilots are appropriately allocated to missions and helicopters using goal programming with bounded risk scores. Using bounded data, two risk allocation models are developed to be used with the expected value and lower/upper limit values, resulting in improved reliability of the solutions. Numerical experiments show reasonable solutions and valuable information for risk management.     

Existence of3He-vacancy bound states in4He crystals

Bound states and scattering resonances for a ³He-vacancy system in crystalline ⁴He are shown to exist. For realistic physical parameters the theory yields binding energies of 0.1 K. It is found that the bound states and scattering resonances tend to enhance the diffusion coefficient of ³He. The experimental consequences of this enhanced diffusion are discussed.     

Tables in text

Tables were inserted into a four page article, and subjects were asked to scan the text which was printed in a two-column or a single-column format. The single-column format was scanned significantly faster than the double-column layout, and there were marked reader preferences for the single-column layout.     

Low complexity iterative decoding for bit-interleaved coded modulation

Bit-interleaved coded modulation with iterative decoding (ID) is an effective scheme for both AWGN and fading channels because it simultaneously realizes large Euclidean distance and high diversity. In the literature, ID schemes with hard-decision feedback (HDF), as well as soft-decision feedback (SDF), have been investigated. While HDF/ID exhibits a performance inferior to SDF/ID, it is much simpler to implement. To enhance the performance of HDF/ID with moderate additional complexity, we propose a uniform soft-decision feedback ID (USF/ID) scheme. The proposed scheme is applicable in both single antenna and multiple antenna communication systems. The simulation results verify that it achieves impressive performance gain over HDF/ID and has a practically more attractive implementation than SDF/ID, especially for complexity-constrained wireless applications.